Effect of 1-arginine HC1 and OK-432 on the inhibition of Lung Metastasis in Mice

To investigate the effect of OK-432 and 1-arginine HC1 on the artificial metastases in lung, mice were injected mouse colon carcinoma, colon 26 cells(1×10 6). Pulmonary nodules produced by the i. v. injection of 1×10 6 colon tumor 26 cells into a caudal vein were evaluated after 3 weeks. OK-432, 1KE/mouse, was administered by the i. v. injection three times on day 0, 2, 4 after the tumor injection. L-arginine HC1, 50mg/mouse, was given by the i. p. injection 6-7 times on day 0, 1, 2,3,4,5,6. IV administration of OK-432 led to a significant suppression of lung metastases formation in comparison to salin-injected animals. Furthermore, OK-432 and i. p. administration of 1-arginine HC1 let to a considerable, synergisticaly retardation of tumor metastasis. The suppressive effect of OK-432 and 1-arginine HC1 on the artificial lung metastases may be due to its activation of the immunologic system. And this work suggest that OK-432 and 1-arginine HC1 enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophages in vivo

Changes of Concentrations of Free Amino Acids in HeLa Cells Induced by Antitumor Agent

In this report we have investigated that the amino acid is most actively metabolized in the tumor cells damaged by antitumor agents, and discussed imbalanced amino acid procedure to be combined with cancer chemotherapy. The concentrations of 24 free amino acids in medium and in cells were determined in HeLa cells treated with Adriamycin. The free amino acids that decreased in the medium but increased in cells were glutamine and arginine. From this result, we treated HeLa cells with Adriamycin in medium of glutamine-deficiency and obtained a marked cytocidal effect. It would be difficult to make tumor tissues of glutamine-depletion in the whole body. For clinical application, local administration such as intraarterial infusion of L-glutamine antagonists combined with antitumor agents is expected as a practical administration method

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) without Endoscopic Lithotomy for Pancreatolithiasis : A Report of Two Cases

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) without endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) for pancreatic duct stones was performed in two patients with chronic pancreatitis. Case 1 was a 37-year-old man. Pancreatic stones were observed in the pancreatic head and tail region with a persistent pancreatic fistula. ESWL without EST for pancreatolithiasis was performed two times. Almost all the stones in the pancreatic head were disintegrated without any complications by ESWL (4700 shock waves at 24.0 KV) under fluoroscopic control using a lithotriptor (Dornier MLF 5000). Consequently, the fistula closed and the pancreatic exocrine function recovered. Case 2 was a 65-year-old woman suffering from chronic relapsing pancreatitis with calcified stones in the pancreatic head region. ESWL (5700 shock waves at 23.0 KV) without EST produced complete disintegration of the stones without any complications. Seven days later, almost all of the stones in the pancreatic head were diminished. Thereafter, we observed not only amelioration of the symptoms of pancreatitis but also improvement in pancreatic exocrine function. Thus, ESWL treatment without EST was a safe and effective method for pancreatolithiasis and should be considered a high-priority non-surgical treatment for pancreatolithiasis

Simultaneous Combined Resection with Trachea, Bronchus and Aorta for Carcinoma of Thoracic Esophagus

Clinical experiences with combined sleeve resection of the trachea, bronchus and aorta with esophagectomy for esophageal cancer were reported in 6 cases including concurrent combined resection of the aorta and left main bronchus in one. 1) These cancers were advanced ones, showing nodal involvement of n2 in one, n3 in three and n4 in two. 2) In the three cases of combined resections of the aorta, it was made via left thoracotomy using preceding bypass with artificial vessel. There was no complication related to vascular surgery. 3) It must be prudent to determine the extent of the resection for involved trachea on the basis of an experience having recurrence at anastomosis. 4) It was sure that surgical outcome of combined resection was not necessarily satisfactory but improvement of it would be expected by avoiding early postoperative complication with meticulous postoperative care. 5) Based on our clinical experience with appearance of early lung metastasis following surgery, it is emphasized that potent multidisciplinary treatment is mandatory for improvement of the surgical result

The Prognostic Significance of Subserosal and Serosal Extent of Cancer Invasion in Gastric Cancer

In order to determine the prognostic significance of subserosal and serosal extent of cancer invasion in gastric cancer, 78 patients were reexamined histologically. In these patients curative resection was performed and cancer invaded the subserosal layer with growth pattern of infiltrating type i.e."*"(30 patients), or exposed outside the serosal surface i.e. "*" (48 patients). The significantly favourable prognosis was seen only in patients with ssr cancer being less than 1 cm in extent with a five-year survival rate of 92.3%, and in patients with small amount of cancer cells in the subserosal layer, having a five-year survival rate of 81.8%. In patients with se cancer the five-year survival rate was less favorable

Limited Resection for Lung Cancer

Based on clinical as well as experimental studies, limited operation of choice was evaluated for the management of lung cancer. From clinical analysis of 39 cases who underwent limited lung resection, our clinical experiences indicated that this operative procedure would be feasible for a large tumors of approximately 4cm in diameter. However, the incidence of lymphnode metastasis is more likely to be high when applied to the tumors of more than 3cm in diameter. The favorable indication, therefore, is for the cancer less than 3cm in diameter. By careful evalution of 7 cases with postoperative recurrence, it has become obvious that either the degree of cell differentiation or the existence of lymph nodes metastasis strongly participate in its prognosis. According to hemodynamic studies immediately after surgery, limited resection of the lung is preferred to conventional radical lobectomy for patients with cardiovascular malfunction because it serves to eliminate a possible left ventricular failure after surgery. An experimental research also demonstrated favorably hemodynamic benifits of limited resection for reducing left ventricular overloading on coronary diseased heart which is experimentally prepared by either creation of stenosis of the main left coronary artery or ligation of the left descending coronary artery. The immune response in the lymphnodes to a tumor growth also was attested in C3H mice with use of MH 134 tumor inoculated, especially in relation to the time of tumor resection. The results of our experiments confirmed that tumor resection on the 7th and 10t

Experimental Evaluation of Tumor Inhibitory Effect of Induced Infection on Tumor Growth

To evaluate as to whether coexisting infection is helpful to achieve the tumor regression, the inhibitory effect was experimentally assessed from the view point of survival, the degrees of reticuloendothelial activation (Congo-red clearance test) and immune response (Jerne\u27 plaque forming cell test and macrophage migration inhibition test). A 3×107 to 2×108 of β-streptococcus inoculated in C3H mice of 6 week-old were prepared for producing a varying models of infection. As a control study, survival challenging for a 1X106 of Ehrlich tumor inoculation was surveyed. It averaged 16.6 days, whereas it increased when added infection. The most longest survival was 24.4 days when infection was provoked when a 3×107 β-streptococcus were inoculated subcutaneously 5 days prior to Ehrlich tumor cell implantation. Phagocytic activity in the recticuloendothelial system was found to be consequent of stimulation by the varying variety of infection. To assess the inhibitory effect of induced infection on tumor growth, a directly weighing method was applied for inoculated methylcholantrene tumor at interval of 5 days. It is proved that infection is more effective in depressing tumor growth. Furthermore, our experiment indicated that infection enabled the host to enhance the immune response to various antigen, which might be originated from the reticuloendothelial hyperactivity. As the result of this study, we concluded that a mild and long-standing infection might play a key role in inhibiting tumor growth to some extent

Early Gastric Cancer Presenting Pyloric or Prepyloric Stenosis

Out of 390 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) who underwent gastric resection between Jan. 1968 and Jul. 1987, four patients developed pyloric stenosis and one patient developed prepyloric stenosis. Macroscopic types of EGC were II c in three cases and II c + III in two cases. Histologic types were tubular adenocarcinoma in four patients, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in one patient. Cancer existed just right on or immediately adjacent to the pyloric ring in all patients; and extended transversely to the gastric axis in four patients, and longitudinally in one patient. An associated open ulcer and/or ulcer scar in the cancer lesion was seen in four patients, and submucosal fibrosis in three patients to a variety of degree, both of which were thought to be greatly attributed to pyloric or prepyloric stenosis. A duodenal ulcer was not present in any patients