Personalisation: The Beginning Of A New Dawn Or The End Of The Road For Third Sector Support For Carers?

Personalisation has become a key aspiration of adult social care policy in England. Perspectives vary though as its meaning and the extent to which it signals a new paradigm in care. It is being seen as not only relevant to those directly accessing care but also for their carers. Carers’ support is an area in which third sector organisations (TSOs) have traditionally played a significant role, and changes to funding and the expected model of care will therefore potentially have an impact on the third sector. This study explores the issues that arise for TSOs who work with carers from the introduction of personalisation, through interviews with TSOs and public sector commissioners and policy makers

Surprising Subscriptions: How Electronic Journal Publishing Has Affected the Partnership Among Subscription Agents, Publishers and Librarians

This compilation is a mixture of papers submitted by speakers and text derived from notes taken by the moderator and Mary Hawks of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Library and has been reviewed by the participants

Comparing Compassionate Love for Humanity and Empathy as Predictors of Forgiveness

Undergraduate Applie

Distinct forebrain and cerebellar isozymes of type II Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase associate differently with the postsynaptic density fraction

Forebrain and cerebellar Type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases have different subunit compositions. The forebrain holoenzyme, characterized in our laboratory, is a 650-kDa holoenzyme composed of 50-kDa alpha-subunits and 60-kDa beta-subunits assembled in approximately a 3:1 ratio (Bennett, M. K., Erondu, N. E., and Kennedy, M. B. (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 12735-12744). The cerebellar isozyme is a 500-kDa holoenzyme composed of alpha-subunits and beta-subunits assembled in almost the converse ratio, approximately four beta-subunits for each alpha-subunit. When compared by tryptic peptide mapping and by immunochemical techniques, the beta-subunits from the two brain regions are indistinguishable and the alpha-subunits appear closely related. The specific activities, substrate specificities, and catalytic constants of the cerebellar and forebrain isozymes are similar, suggesting that the alpha- and beta-subunits contain similar catalytic sites. However, two differences in the properties of the isozymes may result in functional differences between them in vivo. First, the apparent affinity of the cerebellar kinase for Ca2+/calmodulin is 2-fold higher than that of the forebrain kinase. Second, the two isozymes appear to associate differently with subcellular structures. Approximately 85% of the cerebellar kinase and 50% of the forebrain kinase remain in the particulate fraction after homogenization under standard conditions. However, they are present in different amounts in postsynaptic density fractions. Postsynaptic densities prepared from forebrain contain the forebrain isozyme. Immunochemical measurements show that it comprises approximately 16% of their total protein. In contrast, postsynaptic densities prepared from cerebellum contain the cerebellar isozyme, but it comprises only approximately 1-2% of their total protein. Thus, the alpha-subunit may play a role in anchoring Type II Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase to postsynaptic densities

Activation of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase by Ca^(2+)/calmodulin is inhibited by autophosphorylation of threonine within the calmodulin-binding domain

It is now well established that autophosphorylation of a threonine residue located next to each calmodulin-binding domain in the subunits of type II Ca^(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase causes the kinase to remain active, although at a reduced rate, after Ca^(2+) is removed from the reaction. This autophosphorylated form of the kinase is still sensitive to Ca2+/calmodulin, which is required for a maximum catalytic rate. After removal of Ca^(2+), new sites are autophosphorylated by the partially active kinase. Autophosphorylation of these sites abolishes sensitivity of the kinase to Ca^(2+)/calmodulin (Hashimoto, Y., Schworer, C. M., Colbran, R. J., and Soderling, T. R. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 8051-8055). We have identified two pairs of homologous residues, Thr^(305) and Ser^(314) in the alpha subunit and Thr^(306) and Ser^(315) in the beta subunit, that are autophosphorylated only after removal of Ca^(2+) from an autophosphorylation reaction. The sites were identified by direct sequencing of labeled tryptic phosphopeptides isolated by reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography. Thr^(305-306) is rapidly dephosphorylated by purified protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, whereas Ser^(314-315) is resistant to dephosphorylation. We have shown by selective dephosphorylation that the presence of phosphate on Thr^(305-306) blocks sensitivity of the kinase to Ca^(2+)/calmodulin. In contrast, the presence of phosphate on Ser^(314-315) is associated with an increase in the Kact for Ca^(2+)/calmodulin of only about 2-fold, producing a relatively small decrease in sensitivity to Ca^(2+)/calmodulin

Content Analysis of Vitiligo Portrayal on Social Media

Given that vitiligo affects a small percentage of the world population, and its affects are not widely known, there is an increasing need to learn of its effects on those with vitiligo, both physical and psychological. Social media has become an influential platform to spread awareness and build confidence in those with vitiligo. This study aims to find how vitiligo is portrayed through social media using content analysis procedures. This is a cross-sectional content analysis that utilized a codebook to analyze Instagram posts. The results were analyzed by interrater reliability and frequency for each coder. The findings of this content analysis show a wide range for interrater reliability based on objective and subjective categories. The variable frequencies showed that most of the posts were of younger white females with moderate amounts of clothing and varying degrees of strength of contrast over a small area and varying amount of body shown in the posts. Future research should employ alternative data collection methods, such as in-depth interviews, to understand study variables at a deeper level. Additionally, pharmacists should be aware and educated about mental illness and other comorbid conditions associated with vitiligo diagnoses