Serial position functions for recognition of olfactory stimuli

Two experiments examined item recognition memory for sequentially presented odours. Following a sequence of six odours participants were immediately presented with a series of 2-alternative forced choice (2AFC) test odours. The test pairs were presented in either the same order as learning or the reverse order of learning. Method of testing was either blocked (Experiment 1) or mixed (Experiment 2). Both experiments demonstrated extended recency, with an absence of primacy, for the reverse testing procedure. In contrast, the forward testing procedure revealed a null effect of serial position. The finding of extended recency is inconsistent with the single-item recency predicted by the two-component duplex theory (Phillips and Christie, 1977). We offer an alternative account of the data in which recognition accuracy is better accommodated by the cumulative number of items presented between item learning and item test

Structural perfection in poorly lattice matched heterostructures

Continuum elastic theory is applied to the formation of misfit dislocations and point defects in strained layer structures. Explicit calculations of the energies of misfit dislocations in the double‐ and single‐kink geometries yield line tensions below which strained films are stable with respect to defect formation. Our results yield a mismatch‐dependent stability limit which, in the double kink case, differs from the Matthews–Blakeslee model by a geometrical factor and by the addition of a stress term associated with climb of the misfit dislocation. While our calculations yield equilibrium stability limits which may not correspond to observed critical thicknesses, the calculated stresses may be applied to descriptions of the kinetics of strain relief in films grown beyond these limits. Last, calculations of strain‐related contributions to the free energy of formation of point defects suggest a contribution │ΔG_(strain)│ ≃0.25 eV for a 5% lattice mismatch. This suggests a means of suppressing or enhancing the formation of vacancies or interstitials in semiconductors favoring these defects

Sync or sink? Interpersonal synchrony impacts self-esteem

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The Rhetoric of Co-Creation

Co-creation, the idea that brands should work with consumers and other stakeholders as equal partners in order to collaboratively generate ideas about what they produce and how they should market it, appears to be currently enjoying an enthusiastic reception amongst marketing academics and practitioners. This chapter looks critically at the evolution of the idea of co-creation in marketing thought and practice by closely reading the texts that have provided the foundational thinking behind the perspective as well as investigating the way in which practitioners talk about its adoption and implementation. This exploration highlights serious tensions between traditional marketing’s desire for control over consumers and co- creation’s apparent surrender of control to them. Yet, these tensions are shown to be largely rhetorical in nature, serving to strategically position a ‘new’ egalitarian marketing that relies just as much upon the traditional marketing control-orientation as the old approach it has ‘Othered’. Co-creation, therefore, can be viewed as a form of disinformation that aids marketing in misdirecting attention away from its moribund state and resulting crisis of relevancy

Spontaneous Raman scattering for simultaneous measurements of in-cylinder species

A technique for multi-species mole fraction measurement in internal combustion engines is described. The technique is based on the spontaneous Raman scattering. It can simultaneously provide the mole fractions of several species of N-2, O-2, H2O, CO2 and fuel. Using the system, simultaneous measurement of air/fuel ratio and burnt residual gas are carried out during the mixture process in a Controlled Auto Ignition (CAI) combustion engine. The accuracy and consistency of the measured results were confirmed by the measured air fuel ratio using an exhaust gas analyzer and independently calculated mole fraction values. Measurement of species mole fractions during combustion process has also been demonstrated. It shows that the SRS can provide valuable data on this process in a CAI combustion engine