Archaeological evidence on the use of vetchlings (Lathyrus spp) in ancient Europe

Vetchlings (Lathyrus spp) were a part of the everyday diet of the European hunter-gatherers at the end of the last Ice Age. The major criteria to determine the domestication in vetchlings are non-dehiscent pods, larger seed size and smooth seed testa. Vetchlings seeds were found among the earliest findings of cultivated crops at the site of Tell El- Kerkh, Syria, from 10th millennium BP. Along with cereals, pea and lentil, vetchlings have become definitely associated with the start of the ‘agricultural revolution’ in the Old World. Vetchlings entered Europe in its southern regions and progressed into its interior via Danube. Its distribution was rapid, since the available evidence reveals its presence in remote places at similar periods

Paleolinguistics brings more light on the earliest history of the traditional Eurasian pulse crops

Traditional pulse crops such as pea, lentil, field bean, bitter vetch, chickpea and common vetch originate from Middle East, Mediterranean and Central Asia^1^. They were a part of human diets in hunter-gatherers communities^2^ and are one of the most ancient cultivated crops^3,4^. Europe has always been rich in languages^5^, with individual families still preserving common vocabularies related to agriculture^6,7^. The evidence on the early pulse history witnessed by the attested roots in diverse Eurasian proto-languages remains insufficiently clarified and its potential for supporting archaeobotanical findings is still non-assessed. Here we show that the paleolinguistic research may contribute to archaeobotany in understanding the role traditional Eurasian pulse crops had in the everyday life of ancient Europeans. It was found that the Proto-Indo-European language^8,9^ had the largest number of roots directly related to pulses, such as *arnk(')- (a leguminous plant), *bhabh- (field bean), *erəgw[h]- (a kernel of leguminous plant; pea), *ghArs- (a leguminous plant), *kek-, *k'ik'- (pea) and *lent- (lentil)^10,11,12^, numerous words subsequently related to pulses^13,14^ and borrowings from one branch to another^15^, confirming their essential place in the nutrition of Proto-Indo-Europeans^16,17,18^. It was also determined that pea was the most important among Proto-Uralic people^19,20,21^, while pea and lentil were the most significant in the agriculture of Proto-Altaic people^22,23,24^. Pea and bean were most common among Caucasians^25,26^, Basques^27,28^ and their hypothetical common forefathers^29^ and bean and lentil among the Afro-Asiatic ancestors of modern Maltese^30^. Our results demonstrate that pulses were common among the ancestors of present European nations and that paleolinguistics and its lexicological and etymological analysis may be useful in better understanding the earliest days of traditional Eurasian crops. We believe our results could be a basis for advanced multidisciplinary approach to the pulse crop domestication, involving plant scientists, archaeobotanists and linguists, and for reconstructing even earlier periods of pulse history

Origin and diversity of the words for ancient Eurasian grain legumes in Slavic languages

This short research note aims at demonstrating the importance of the role that grain legumes, such as pea (Pisum sativum L.), lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) or field bean (Vicia faba L.), have been playing in the everyday lives of both modern Slavic nations and their ancestors. This role has been witnessed by rather rich lexicological evidence and supported by attested etymological connections. This note also links Slavic roots to the other members of Indo-European language families and presents their common Proto- Indo-European origins

Кonstruktivno izvođenje proračuna parametara pužnih transportera primenom računara

This paper presents a constructive performance of devices for continuous transport, with associated elements and circuits. Gives an overview of how to quickly and easily dimensioned and calculate some parameters of helical (spiral) conveyor with a computer, or using appropriate software "Visual Basic". Constructive presentation of the budget transfer devices achieve uninterrupted transport depending on the application areas of transport. Screw conveyors are used for transportation, both at small and at greater distances in all areas of modern production, in order to transfer large amounts of various finely granular, and the bulk of unit in agriculture. These transporters have a range of features, its continued work to achieve a certain exercise capacity regardless of the distance of transporting materials.У раду се наводе нека конструктивна извођења уређаја за непрекидни транспорт, са припадајућим елементима и склоповима. Дат је приказ како се могу релативно брзо и једноставно димензионисати и прорачунати поједини параметри пужних (завојних) транспортера уз помоћ рачунара, односно применом одговарајуће софтверске апликације "Visual basic". Конструктивна извођења прорачуна транспортних уређаја непрекидног транспорта остварују се у зависности од области примене транспорта. Пужни транспортери примењују се за транспорт, како на мала, тако и на већа растојања у свим областима савремене производње а у циљу преношења великих количина различитих ситно зрнастих, комадних и расутих материјала у пољопривреди. Ови транспортери имају читав низ карактеристика, својим континуираним радом остварују постизање одређеног капацитета без обзира на даљину транспортовања материјала

70 Years of English-Yugoslav children hospital for osteoarticular tuberculosis in Sremska Kamenica

The development of orthopedic surgery in Novi Sad and Voivodina is related to the name of Dr. Katherine MacPhail, a Scottish physician, who came to Serbia during the World War I, where she worked with her mission in Belgrade and Kragujevac. After the war, she remained in Serbia and, in 1921, founded the first children's, co-called English-Serbian Hospital; then, in 1934, established English-Yugoslav Children's Hospital for Treatment of Osteoarticular Tuberculosis in Sremska Kamenica, which was open until 1941. After the end of World War II, as early as in 1947, Dr. MacPhail returned to Sremska Kamenica, where she reactivated the hospital. After the nationalization of the hospital, she left for Scotland, but the hospital kept working, first under the supervision of the Belgrade Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, and then as a ward of the Clinic for Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology of the Novi Sad School of Medicine, until 1992, when it was closed

Bežične senzorske mreže u dijagnostici na kotrljajnim ležajevima

This paper provides an overview of several norms of communication in wireless sensor networks that are used in the diagnostics of roller bearings. There are list the basic economic and operational benefits that affect the choice of these systems, the benefits of using wireless sensor networks compared to the wire, as well as their possible limitations in use. The characteristics of several examples of actual sensory mott used to roller bearings. One example of the place of installation of wireless sensors on rolling bearing his number and arrangement of elements is analyzed in detail.У раду је дат преглед више норми комуницирања код бежичних сензорских мрежа које се користе у дијагностици на котрљајним лежајевима. Наведене су основне економско-оперативне предности које утичу на избор ових система, предности коришћења бежичних сензорских мрежа у односу на жичане, као и њихова могућа ограничења током употребе. Описане су карактеристике више примера актуелних сензорских мотова који се користе на котрљајним лежајевима. Један пример места уградње бежичног сензора на котрљајном лежају, његов број и распоред елемената је детаљно анализиран

A note on the earliest distribution, cultivation and genetic changes in bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) in ancient Europe

Bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia (L.) Willd.) was a part of the everyday diet of the Eurasian Neanderthal population and the modern human Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers at the end of the last Ice Age. The major criteria to determine the domestication in bitter vetch and other ancient grain legumes are non-dehiscent pods, larger seed size and smooth seed testa. Bitter vetch seeds were found among the earliest findings of cultivated crops at the site of Tell El-Kerkh, Syria, from 10th millennium BP. Along with cereals, pea and lentil, bitter vetch has become definitely associated with the start of the 'agricultural revolution' in the Old World. Bitter vetch entered Europe in its south-east regions and progressed into its interior via Danube. Its distribution was rapid, since the available evidence reveals its presence in remote places at similar periods. Recently the first success has been obtained in the extraction of ancient DNA from charred bitter vetch seeds. The linguistic evidence supports the fact that most of Eurasian peoples have their own words denoting bitter vetch, meaning that its cultivation preceded the diversification of their own proto-languages

Stem anatomy of annual legume intercropping components: white lupin (Lupinus albus L.), narbonne (Vicia narbonensis L.) and common (Vicia sativa L.) vetches

The effect of intercropping on stem anatomy of both supporting (Lupinus albus) and supported (Vicia narbonnensis and V. sativa) annual forage legumes was investigated using stereological method. Intercropped plants showed minimal differences in volume densities (Vv) of stem tissues and forage chemical composition compared to sole crops. The proportions of lignin and NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber) positively correlated with xylem Vv. The proportions of ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber), cellulose and ash in intercropped plants were increased or decreased mostly by less than 10% compared to those in pure stands. The Anatomical Equivalent Ratio (AER) defined as the ratio based on anatomical quality-determining parameters, can assist in the evaluation of the benefits of specific intercropping systems. Intercropping of the legume species studied in this work, especially L. albus with V. sativa, showed encouraging results from anatomical perspective since it would not cause a decline of forage quality

Postoperative Bleeding Following Preoperative Clopidogrel Administration in Patients with Haemoglobin Level Above 110 g/L Undergoing Urgent CABG

[Page 61] D. 20.1.1952 Il y a eu un orage cette nuit, avec des gouttes. La "pluie des mangues" dirions-nous au Sénégal. C’est rare ici. Aussi, temps clair : on voit à l’horizon, à l’est, les montagnes de Goundam. [Photo] 40.6. Plats européens à décor japonais Grâce à M. Nekli, je puis voir deux autres plats européens du XIXe : prêtés par des familles d’ici, qui les conservent précieusement (comme le Cadi Mahmoud) comme souvenirs de famille. Il s’agit de plats-cuvettes à décor bleu japonais co..