フクマク ハシュ オ トモナッタ コウド シンコウ イガン ニ タイスル TS 1 ニヨル ジュツゼン カガク リョウホウ ノ ユウヨウセイ

TS -１ is an oral anticancer agent developed by utilizing biochemical modulation. We used TS -１in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for a patient with highly advanced gastric cancer that was accompanied by peritoneal dissemination. This enabled us to resect tumor. This patient was a６０-year-old woman. Fluoroscopic upper gastrointestinal series revealed a circumferential, type４lesion extending from the middle of the corpus to the antrum. This was diagnosed by endoscopy as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. CT showed ascites, thickening of the gastric wall, and direct infiltration into the head of the pancreas. In endoscopy of the large bowel, a strawberry jelly-like elevation was detected at the ileum. This was diagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, and considered a metastatic lesion produced by dissemination. Chest CT showed a single metastasis in the upper lobe of the right lung. We gave her３cycles of combined TS-１and low-dose CDDP for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. On laparotomy, we found that there was no ascites, and miliary scars were present at several sites near the ascending colon. The antrum of the stomach firmly adhered to the head of the pancreas, and scarred. We judged that the tumor was resectable, and performed distal gastrectomy（D２）plus ileocecal resection（D２）． In histopathological examination, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was detected only on a part of the muscular layer in the lesser curvature and posterior wall of the corpus, and marked fibrosis was observed in the submucosal layer. The effect of chemotherapy was histologically evaluated as grade２. The tumor was diagnosed as poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma（por）, with muscularis propria（mp）, lymph invasion２（ly２），vein invasion ０（v０）and degree of lymph node metastasis２（+）［n２（+）］. Tubular adenocarcinoma was detected in a part of the submucosal layer of the ileum. The patient was alive with cancer as of２７months after operation

チョメイナ ノウホウ ケイセイ オ トモナッタ カンサイボウ ガン ノ 1ジケンレイ

It is said that in hepatocellular carcinoma, necrosis is liable to occur in the center and the percentage of cystic formation is comparatively low, but as we have experienced one case of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with marked cystic formation, we reported it. The patient was a female aged７０years. Because general fatigue and anorexia occurred, Abdominal CT test was conducted and hepatic mass was pointed out. Contrast-CT test showed a tumor of６cm in diameter in the medial segment of the left lobe of the liver. As the border was stained with arterial phase, the center was not imaged and the tumor was diagnosed as vascular proliferating type hepatic tumor associated with marked cystic change. MRI test showed that the border of the tumor was lobular and part thereof was of septal structure. The tumor was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma associated with bleeding in tumor, hepatic cystadenocarcinoma or hepatic sarcoma. Abdominal angiography showed not only marked vascular proliferation and tumor stain in the area of the middle hepatic artery but also early venous return, and the middle hepatic vein was clearly imaged. The tumor size was ５×５×４cm in size and was in contact with the middle hepatic vein but it did not invade the vein. Left hepatic lobectomy was performed. Histopathologically the center of the tumor was cystic with colliquative necrosis. The tumor had the trabecular structure and the tumor cell was consisted of clear cell. The tumor was thus diagnosed as poorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Postoperative course was good and the patient was discharged from our hospital on the１９th day after operation. At the moment when１９ months have passed since the operation, the patient is alive without any recurrence of carcinoma

Biological mechanism and clinical effect of protein-bound polysaccharide K (KRESTIN®): review of development and future perspectives

The mechanism of action of protein-bound polysaccharide K (PSK; KRESTIN®) involves the following actions: (1) recovery from immunosuppression induced by humoral factors such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-β or as a result of surgery and chemotherapy; (2) activation of antitumor immune responses including maturation of dendritic cells, correction of Th1/Th2 imbalance, and promotion of interleukin-15 production by monocytes; and (3) enhancement of the antitumor effect of chemotherapy by induction of apoptosis and inhibition of metastasis through direct actions on tumor cells. The clinical effectiveness of PSK has been demonstrated for various cancers. In patients with gastric or colorectal cancer, combined use of PSK with postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs survival, and this effect has been confirmed in multiple meta-analyses. For small-cell lung carcinoma, PSK in conjunction with chemotherapy prolongs the remission period. In addition, PSK has been shown to be effective against various other cancers, reduce the adverse effects of chemotherapy, and improve quality of life. Future studies should examine the effects of PSK under different host immune conditions and tumor properties, elucidate the mechanism of action exhibited in each situation, and identify biomarkers

Scaling properties of azimuthal anisotropy in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV

Detailed differential measurements of the elliptic flow for particles produced in Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV are presented. Predictions from perfect fluid hydrodynamics for the scaling of the elliptic flow coefficient v_2 with eccentricity, system size and transverse energy are tested and validated. For transverse kinetic energies KE_T ~ m_T-m up to ~1 GeV, scaling compatible with the hydrodynamic expansion of a thermalized fluid is observed for all produced particles. For large values of KE_T, the mesons and baryons scale separately. A universal scaling for the flow of both mesons and baryons is observed for the full transverse kinetic energy range of the data when quark number scaling is employed. In both cases the scaling is more pronounced in terms of KE_T rather than transverse momentum.Comment: 422 authors from 58 institutions, 6 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

Pannus-Related Mechanical Valve Dysfunction Leading to Hemodynamic Shock

Mechanical prosthetic valve dysfunction caused by pannus formation is rare. Pannus restricts movement of prosthetic valve leaflets, resulting in severe aortic regurgitation. We describe the case of a 77-year-old woman who presented to the emergency room with increasing dyspnea, ischemia, and shock secondary to mechanical aortic valve dysfunction. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a blockade of the leaflets of the mechanical aortic valve, with severe aortic regurgitation. She underwent emergent cardiac surgery for aortic valve replacement. Pannus formation should be considered as a potential cause of acute severe aortic regurgitation in a patient with a small-sized mechanical aortic prosthesis in the supra-annular position. On a pathological exam, extensive pannus was found on the ventricular side of the prosthetic valve, extending from the ring into the central orifice. [Arch Clin Exp Surg 2012; 1(1.000): 50-53

Successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Atherosclerotic Coronary Lesion with Anomalous Origin of the Right Coronary Artery

Congenital coronary artery anomalies, including anomalous origin of a coronary artery, can manifest as life-threatening conditions, such as myocardial infarction or arrhythmia, and may even lead to sudden death associated with specific congenital anatomical features. Such arteries can also develop atherosclerotic lesions. This report describes the case of a 75-year-old man who was admitted to our hospital due to exertional dyspnea. The right coronary artery was found to originate from the left coronary sinus and exhibit tight stenosis due to atherosclerosis, causing effort angina pectoris. This case highlights the fact that coronary artery anomalies can cause angina pectoris via both atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic effects, and successful revascularization was achieved noninvasively via percutaneous coronary angioplasty