LC–MS/MS Analysis of the Emerging Toxin Pinnatoxin-G and High Levels of Esterified OA Group Toxins in Galician Commercial Mussels

The occurrence of marine harmful algae is increasing worldwide and, therefore, the accumulation of lipophilic marine toxins from harmful phytoplankton represents a food safety threat in the shellfish industry. Galicia, which is a commercially important EU producer of edible bivalve mollusk have been subjected to recurring cases of mussel farm closures, in the last decades. This work aimed to study the toxic profile of commercial mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) in order to establish a potential risk when ingested. For this, a total of 41 samples of mussels farmed in 3 Rías (Ares-Sada, Arousa, and Pontevedra) and purchased in 5 local markets were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Chromatograms showed the presence of okadaic acid (OA), dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX-2), pectenotoxin-2 (PTX-2), azaspiracid-2 (AZA-2), and the emerging toxins 13-desmethyl spirolide C (SPX-13), and pinnatoxin-G (PnTX-G). Quantification of each toxin was determined using their own standard calibration in the range 0.1%–50 ng/mL (R2 > 0.99) and by considering the toxin recovery (62–110%) and the matrix correction (33–211%). Data showed that OA and DTX-2 (especially in the form of esters) are the main risk in Galician mollusks, which was detected in 38 samples (93%) and 3 of them exceeded the legal limit (160 μg/kg), followed by SPX-13 that was detected in 19 samples (46%) in quantities of up to 28.9 μg/kg. Analysis from PTX-2, AZA-2, and PnTX-G showed smaller amounts. Fifteen samples (37%) were positive for PTX-2 (0.7–2.9 μg/kg), 12 samples (29%) for AZA-2 (0.1–1.8 μg/kg), and PnTX-G was detected in 5 mussel samples (12%) (0.4 μg/kg–0.9 μg/kg). This is the first time Galician mollusk was contaminated with PnTX-G. Despite results indicating that this toxin was not a potential risk through the mussel ingestion, it should be considered in the shellfish safety monitoring programs through the LC–MS/MS methods.This research has received funding from the following FEDER co-funded grants. From Conselleria de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria, Xunta de Galicia, 2017 GRC GI-1682 (ED431C 2017/01). From CDTI and Technological Funds, supported by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, AGL2014-58210-R, AGL2016-78728-R (AEI/FEDER, UE), ISCIII/PI16/01830, RTC-2016-5507-2, and ITC-20161072. From the European Union POCTEP 0161-Nanoeaters -1-E-1, Interreg AlertoxNet EAPA-317-2016, Interreg Agritox EAPA-998-2018, and H2020 778069-EMERTOX. This work was also supported by the program “Juan de la Cierva 2016” from the Spanish Government. Paz Otero is recipient of a Postdoctoral Funding (Ref. IJCI-2016-27774)

Coexistence of Paramagnetic-Charge-Ordered and Ferromagnetic-Metallic Phases in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 evidenced by ESR

Throughout a complete Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and magnetization study of La0.5Ca0.5MnO3, we discuss about the nature of the complex phase-segregated state established in this compound below T~210 K. Between TN<T<TC, the ESR spectra shows two lines characteristic of two different magnetic phases. From the resonance field (Hr) derived for each line we argue that the incommensurate-charge-ordering phase (ICO) which coexists with ferromagnetic-metallic (FMM) clusters in this temperature interval, is mainly paramagnetic and not antiferromagnetic. The FMM/ICO ratio can be tuned with a relatively small field, which suggests that the internal energy associated with those phases is very similar. Below TN, there is an appreciable FM contribution to the magnetization and the ESR spectra indicates the presence of FM clusters in an antiferromagnetic matrix (canted). Our results show that ESR could be a very useful tool to investigate the nature of the phase-separated state now believed to play a fundamental role in the physics of mixed valent manganites.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure

Neuropatia do Femoral Associada à Anticoagulação profilática num Doente com COVID-19 Grave: Caso Clínico

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of morphine self-administration on brain glucose metabolism in rats

Abstract of: AMI Annual Conference 2006, March 25-29Chronic exposure to opiates has been shown to influence neural activity in brain regions related to the rewarding process. It also induces neuroadaptations which lead to addiction. We have found in previous works that morphine self-administration produces neuroadaptative changes in brain areas of Fischer-344 rats. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of chronic self-administration of morphine on cerebral glucose metabolismPublicad

Bilateral Foot Drop Following Compression Stockings Use

As meias de compressão elástica constituem uma medida profilática da trombose venosa profunda no período pós-operatório, estando a sua eficácia bem documentada na literatura científica. A paralisia do nervo peroneal é a principal neuropatia compressiva do membro inferior e pode ter múltiplas etiologias sendo que a principal corresponde à compressão externa direta a nível do colo do perónio. Os autores relatam o caso de uma doente de 20 anos de idade, submetida a transplante hepático, com necessidade de permanência na Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos durante 25 dias, período após o qual se retiraram as meias de compressão de coxa, à data, enroladas até ao nível dos joelhos. Constatou-se lesão por pressão a nível do joelho e pé pendente bilateral. O estudo electrofisiológico foi compatível com polineuropatia sensitivo-motora grave. O presente artigo tem por objetivo reforçar a importância do reconhecimento precoce dos sintomas de lesão nervosa periférica, principalmente no doente crítico com múltiplas comorbilidades, cujo risco de lesão neurológica grave é muito superior.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

KEOPS project: Research on sustainable high-added value alkali-activated concretes based on industrial waste

Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Chronic cannabinoid administration to periadolescent rats modulates the metabolic response to acute cocaine in the adult brain

Purpose: To analyze brain metabolic response to acute cocaine in male and female Wistar rats with or without a history of cannabinoid exposure during periadolescence. Procedures: The synthetic cannabinoid agonist CP 55,940 (CP) or its vehicle (VH), were administered to male and female rats during periadolescence. When these animals reached adulthood, saline and cocaine-induced changes in 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro D glucose (FDG) uptake were studied by positron emission tomography. Results: The baseline (post-saline) metabolism in the septal nuclei was higher in CP-females than in VH-females, although septal metabolism was lower in CP-females after cocaine, reaching similar values to those of VH-females at baseline. Cocaine did not affect metabolism in VH-females. Periadolescent cannabinoid treatment did not influence baseline metabolism in males although cocaine reduced the FDG uptake in the dorsal striatum of males that received the VH but not CP. Conclusions: These results suggest that cannabinoids during periadolescence modify baseline and cocaine-evoked brain metabolism in a sex-dependent manner. In the case of CP-females, the involvement of septal metabolic alterations in their susceptibility to the rewarding effects of cocaine should be further investigated.This work was supported by grants from the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (Grants nº SAF2004-08148 and SAF2007-064890); Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (Grants RD06/ 00170029 of Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PNSD 2004 2007 and 2008 2010); Dirección General de Investigación de la Comunidad de Madrid (Grant S-SAL/0261/2006, I+D CANNAB-CM Consortium); and UNED (Plan de Promoción de la Investigación) to EA, and grants from the “Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología” (TEC2004-07052-C02-01/TCM), “Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo” (CIBER CB06/01/0079, PNSD 2007 2010, FIS CP08/00017), “Ministerio de Industria” (CENIT program) and “Fundación de Investigación Médica Mutua Madrileña” (2007 2010 and 2008 2011) to MD.Publicad

Osteoporosis and Falls: Problems Overlooked by the Portuguese Medical Community

Introdução: A prevalência da osteoporose continua a aumentar, aumentando a morbimortalidade associada às fraturas osteoporóticas, na maioria resultantes de queda, sendo a fratura do fémur proximal a de maior impacto socioeconómico. O nosso objetivo foi caracterizar uma amostra da população hospitalar com fratura do fémur proximal quanto a medidas preventivas e terapêuticas da osteoporose e quedas. Material e Métodos: Realizámos um estudo transversal retrospetivo em mulheres com idade mínima de 65 anos e fratura recente do fémur proximal internadas num serviço de Ortopedia, durante um ano, através de questionário desenvolvido para o efeito e consulta do processo clínico. Resultados: Avaliámos 100 doentes, a maioria com fratura decorrente de queda, no domicílio, durante o dia e em piso regular; 76% das doentes tinha antecedentes de queda e 42% história prévia de fratura osteoporótica. Considerando os critérios para instituição terapêutica apenas 5,3% da amostra se encontrava medicada. Verificou-se a existência de uma associação estatisticamente significativa entre a ocorrência de quedas e as fraturas osteoporóticas bem como com a implementação de medidas de prevenção do risco de queda. Conclusão: os resultados corroboram a importância das quedas e das fraturas osteoporóticas na saúde. Tendo por base a literatura, os custos diretos estimados com esta amostra serão de 1,34 M€ no primeiro ano pós-fratura. Considerando a taxa mínima de cobertura terapêutica e o potencial de redução de risco fraturário estabelecido, conclui-se que um tratamento adequado poderia reduzir estes valores em, no mínimo, 40%-45%.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Adolescent cannabinoid pre-exposure effects on cocaine self administration, food reinforced behavior and cerebral glucose metabolism adult rats

[Poster] 11th EBPS Biennal Meeting, 2005, September 9-12, Barcelona, Spain. Poster Session B: 4. Addiction and Dependence IIPublicad