Analyse critique de la mondialisation: tendances et doctrine (Note)

Cet article examine le fondement du discours sur la mondialisation pour en dégager les significations latentes. Les principales perspectives de la mondialisation suggèrent des tendances sociohistoriques qui sont analysées à travers quatre courants théoriques. Notre acception des phénomènes en cause propose un courant historique dont l'objet est d'étudier la tendance qui considère la mondialisation en termes d'accumulation périodique des flux d'échanges économiques internationaux autour d'objets sans cesse renouvelés. Le courant libéral interprète le sens de la nouvelle dynamique managériale qui héberge les interactions des entreprises et de l'État. Le courant sociologique analyse la sociogenèse des phénomènes de nature économique des deux courants précédents pour les situer en aval de la réflexivité individuelle et collective de l'agent. Enfin, notre démarche de théorisation comporte un courant critique qui évalue la portée du discours résultant des autres courants pour en relativiser la trop grande propension à la normalisation. Nous proposons finalement un cadre doctrinal permettant de centrer l'analyse des débats soulevés à partir de deux doctrines philosophiques et de deux attitudes pratiques.The purpose of this article is to analyse the ideological foundations underlying present day globalization discourse and to shed light on some of their latent meanings. The main perspectives of globalization suggest certain sociohistorical tendencies which mil be analysed by way of four theoretical frameworks. Our own acceptation of globalizing phenomena proposes an historical perspective whose objective has been the analysis of a tendency which considers globalization in terms of the recurring accumulation of international economic exchange flow centered around constantly renewed goods. The liberal current focuses on, and seeks to interpret the meaning of novel managerial dynamics in which are lodged interactions between business and the State. The sociological perspective is concerned with the social beginnings of the economic phenomena subsumed in the two preceding trends in order to situate them as a consequence of the agent's individual and collective reflexive processes. Finally, our theorizing process includes a critical dimension which means to evaluate the scope attained by globalization discourse as affected by other thought currents and seeks to relativize its already excessive propensity to create norms. In the end we propose a framework allowing for the centering of the analysis of these debates stemming first from two philosophical doctrines, and second, from two more pragmatic attitudes

Three Identity Principles at the Core of Comparative Economic Development Management: Lessons for Emerging African Nations

The aim of this article is to investigate the role of national or social identity at different stages of the industrialized nations’ economic development models in order to draw some actionable lessons for emerging markets and developing African economies. The main assumption is that social identity is at the core of the economic management process industrialized nations implement with regard to achieving sustainable development goals. In order to detect actionable information with practical or methodological relevance, national identity was identified as the independent variable, and economic development as the dependent variable. Although the concept of identity is diversely defined in scholarly literature, it is commonly understood as the lens through which an individual perceives himself/herself or how a group of individuals perceive themselves, and their role in finding a way to cope with environmental challenges. Therefore, there is a double level of identity: at the individual level, and collectively as a nation. This identity is at the core of social reflexivity, which is used to envision, manage, and structure the institutional actions that are conducive to economic development. National and international development agencies have been experimenting with different models to achieve economic development in the emerging countries since the creation of the Bretton Woods Institutions at the end of the Second World War. The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of the United Nations remain the last major multilateral management framework in a series of trial-and-errors over the last sixty years. Using an exploratory and descriptive approach, this article systematically compares the core of the economic development models of the Western nations and that of the newly emerging countries. The results of this analysis show that to achieve their economic development goals, industrialized and emerging countries built the managerial core of their development models on three major foundations: a political system that stems from their own idiosyncrasies, a belief system that comes from their own history and traditions, and a unique but non-exclusive mode of production and resource allocation. These three pillars form a tryptic management principle of sustainable economic development ready for adaptation and adoption

Three Identity Principles at the Core of Comparative Economic Development Management: Lessons for Emerging African Nations

The aim of this article is to investigate the role of national or social identity at different stages of the industrialized nations’ economic development models in order to draw some actionable lessons for emerging markets and developing African economies. The main assumption is that social identity is at the core of the economic management process industrialized nations implement with regard to achieving sustainable development goals. In order to detect actionable information with practical or methodological relevance, national identity was identified as the independent variable, and economic development as the dependent variable. Although the concept of identity is diversely defined in scholarly literature, it is commonly understood as the lens through which an individual perceives himself/herself or how a group of individuals perceive themselves, and their role in finding a way to cope with environmental challenges. Therefore, there is a double level of identity: at the individual level, and collectively as a nation. This identity is at the core of social reflexivity, which is used to envision, manage, and structure the institutional actions that are conducive to economic development. National and international development agencies have been experimenting with different models to achieve economic development in the emerging countries since the creation of the Bretton Woods Institutions at the end of the Second World War. The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) of the United Nations remain the last major multilateral management framework in a series of trial-and-errors over the last sixty years. Using an exploratory and descriptive approach, this article systematically compares the core of the economic development models of the Western nations and that of the newly emerging countries. The results of this analysis show that to achieve their economic development goals, industrialized and emerging countries built the managerial core of their development models on three major foundations: a political system that stems from their own idiosyncrasies, a belief system that comes from their own history and traditions, and a unique but non-exclusive mode of production and resource allocation. These three pillars form a tryptic management principle of sustainable economic development ready for adaptation and adoption