Screening and identification of lactic acid bacteria isolated from sorghum silage processes in west Algeria

The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor. L.) silage were identified during different periods of evolution of sorghum silage in west Algeria. Morphological, physiological, biochemical and technological techniques were used to characterize lactic acid bacteria isolates. A total number of 27 representatives of lactic acid bacterial strains were retained and among them four dominant genus were identified as Lactobacillus (44%), Lactococcus (14.81%), Weissella (29.62%) and Leuconostoc (11.11%). The representative species identified were Lactobacillus brevis (25%), Lactobacillus pentosus (3.7%), Lactobacillus manihotivorans (11.11%), and Lactobacillus fermentum (3.7%). Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis (14.81%), Weissella cibaria (7.2%), Weissella minor (11.11%), Weissella soli (3.7%), Weissella viridescense (7.2%) and Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides (11.11%). Only two strains of lactic acid bacteria were amylolytic. These results will enable future research on the relationship between LAB species and silage fermentation quality.Keywords: Lactic acid bacteria, identification, silage, sorghum, evolution, amylolytic, technology, speciesAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(14), pp. 1703-170

Assessment of acute and sub-acute toxicity of olive pomace in female Wistar rats

Objective: Olive Pomace (OP) is considered to be a rich source of phenolic compounds. Recently many researches showed a broad biological activity of this by-product of the olive oil production process in addition to their emergence as value-added materials with potential applications in the pharmaceutical, food, and nutraceutical industries. The present study is aimed to evaluate in vivo toxicological activities of OP. Materials and Methods: The qualitative phytochemical analysis aims to determine the key phytoconstituents found in OP. For the in vivo study, two types of tests are performed: acute and 28-day repeated oral toxicity studies in Wistar rats for evaluation of hematological, biochemical, and histological parameters. Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis has revealed the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, quinones, anthraquinones, terpenoids, and compounds reduced in our methanol extract of OP. In acute oral toxicity, no treatment-related death or toxic signs are observed in female rats for 14 days in 200, 2000, 3000, and 5000 mg/kg doses, besides LD50 value is found to be up to 2000 mg/kg bodyweight. As for the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals. 28-days sub-acute toxicity study is carried in female rats at four dose levels (3.12, 31.25, 125 and 500 mg/kg), no changes in observation related death and toxic signs when compared with control. The hematological and biochemical investigation shows a significant change (p>0.05) in the high-level doses (500 mg/kg). Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, OP extract has the potential to be used to generate new anti-cancer and antioxidant additives for pharmaceutical and food manufacturing. Long-term in vivo toxicological tests should also be conducted to determine a safe dosage of OP extract

Denture Base Resin Coated with Titanium Dioxide (TiO2): A Systematic Review

Asmae Yadfout, Yousra Asri, Nadia Merzouk, Anissa Regragui Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, MoroccoCorrespondence: Asmae Yadfout, Email [email protected]: The main objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of coating with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 nanoparticle) on the surface condition of removable acrylic resin prosthetic base materials.Methods: Our review is registered in the PROSPERO database under the identification code CRD42023397170. Electronic database searches of PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct including studies from January 2009 to January 2023 were conducted and supplemented with manual searches. Research questions were generated in accordance with the PICO strategy. The modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies.Results: Since the included studies were variable in design, a meta-analysis was not performed. The electronic searches retrieved 29 references that met the eligibility criteria, among which 5 studies matched the inclusion criteria for this review. Significant differences were detected between the TiO2 NP-coated and uncoated groups. The available data indicate that TiO2 NP coating elicits antimicrobial activity and improves the wear resistance of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) surfaces. Moreover, the nanoparticles provide high levels of glossiness and decelerate the process of color change of heat-cured acrylic resin, thus increasing the lifespan of dentures.Conclusion: The collective results clearly indicate that TiO2 nanoparticle coating induces alterations in the surface properties of pure PMMA, enhancing the mechanical, physical and biological characteristics of the denture base material. Further studies are essential to identify the optimal thickness of coating and concentrations of nanoparticles for clinical applications.Keywords: resin, denture base, polymethylmethacrylate, titanium dioxide, coatin

5,6-Dihydro-2H-pyranones and 5,6-dihydro-2H-pyridones and their derivatives modulate in vitro human T lymphocyte function

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