System design study for an optimal remote oculometer for use in operational aircraft

System design of optimal remote oculometer for use in operational aircraf

New cries from a broken heart: Nguyen Du and his 'Tale of Kieu' in the historical context of late 18th and early 19th century Viet Nam

Master of ArtsCenter for Southeast Asian StudiesUniversity of Michiganhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/149083/1/013852873.pd

The New Road: A History of Vietnamese Society and French Colonialism in the Early 20th Century.

My dissertation investigates how three interconnected phenomena: Western education propagated in colonial schools, infrastructure and transportation systems, and the quốc ngữ periodical transformed Vietnamese society during the late colonial period. In the span of roughly 30 years (c. 1910-1940) the Western, scientific knowledge and worldview propagated in classrooms throughout Việt Nam evolved from something that the Vietnamese regarded as holistically foreign and with reluctance, if not hostility, to something they had consciously made their own. Classrooms were primary centers of propagation for new knowledge and manners of being that formed the foundation of late colonial and postcolonial Vietnamese society. Because colonial schools were predominately located in provincial and regional centers, young people often had to relocate in order to study. Student movement diffused novel and increasingly homogenous manners of thinking, acting, and being. Their journeys became common due to infrastructural improvements and the profusion of motorized transportation following the Great War. The proliferation of elementary-level schools spread quốc ngữ literacy throughout the colony. By teaching their relatives and friends the rudiments of quốc ngữ, students also added to literacy rates. The increasingly literate population was a ready audience for an expanding number of periodicals. Vietnamese educated in the primary and secondary schools of the colony used periodicals as platforms for commenting on contemporary society and creating modern Vietnamese culture. As infrastructure altered the possibilities of physical interaction with the environment, the periodical transformed perception of space by transporting readers (and listeners) to any area of the colony and beyond. Infrastructure and the periodical also helped homogenize perception of spaces like the city, the countryside, and Việt Nam, throughout the colony. Interwoven into this study is an investigation behind colonial systems of control. Power relations in the colony were more complex and nuanced than previously articulated. Late colonial Vietnamese society was a place in which both the French and the Vietnamese sought to further their variegated imperatives in cooperation with and opposition to one another. As my study makes clear, Vietnamese used and shaped colonial systems in manners sanctioned and not sanctioned by the French to transform their society.PhDHistoryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108927/1/merchand_1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108927/2/merchand_2.pd

Prediction and Control: Global Population, Population Science, and Population Politics in the Twentieth Century.

The twentieth century was an exceptional period in the history of world population: it grew faster than it had before or has since, and became the subject of a new science --- demography --- and a critical arena of intervention for states, international agencies, and non-governmental organizations. This dissertation examines how population became a subject of expertise for scientists in North America and Western Europe between the world wars, and how that expertise both supported and challenged postwar programs that aimed to shape the world's population by limiting fertility, particularly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. At the beginning of the twentieth century, scientists and policy makers in North America and Western Europe increasingly understood social, political, and economic issues in biological terms, and viewed population engineering --- through the control of fertility and immigration --- as a key tool of governance. Between the world wars, scientists in a variety of fields began to analyze population dynamics, including both the quantity of individuals and the socioeconomic, racial, and national composition of populations (their "quality"). After World War II, governments and international and nongovernmental agencies increasingly sought demographic expertise to assist with planning both for population --- to accommodate expected changes in population size and/or composition --- and of population --- to engineer changes in population size and/or composition. Policy makers, philanthropists, and business leaders in the U.S. developed two new overpopulation discourses, each linking population growth to global disaster. The first was economic, attributing global poverty and inequality to rapid population growth in the global south. The second was environmental, attributing pollution and resource depletion directly to population growth. The proponents of these discourses called on demography for support, and raised substantial funds for demographic and biomedical research aimed at stemming fertility, particularly in the global south. Yet demographic research consistently failed to provide conclusive support for these overpopulation discourses. The dissertation concludes in 1984, when the postwar overpopulation discourses dissolved under political pressure from both the left --- which called for structural solutions to poverty and environmental degradation --- and the right --- which called for neoliberal market-based solutions.PHDHistoryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/113440/1/eklanche_1.pd

Effect of damping on excitability of high-order normal modes

The effect of localized structural damping on the excitability of higher-order large space telescope spacecraft modes is investigated. A preprocessor computer program is developed to incorporate Voigt structural joint damping models in a finite-element dynamic model. A postprocessor computer program is developed to select critical modes for low-frequency attitude control problems and for higher-frequency fine-stabilization problems. The selection is accomplished by ranking the flexible modes based on coefficients for rate gyro, position gyro, and optical sensor, and on image-plane motions due to sinusoidal or random PSD force and torque inputs

A Spectroscopic Analysis of the Eclipsing Short-Period Binary v505 Per and the Origin of the Lithium Dip

As a test of rotationally-induced mixing causing the well-known Li dip in older mid-F dwarfs in the local Galactic disk, we utilize high-resolution and -S/N Keck/HIRESspectroscopy to measure the Li abundance in the components of the1 Gyr, [Fe/H]=-0.15 eclipsing short-period binary V505 Per. We find A(Li)=2.7+/-0.1 and 2.4+/-0.2 in the Teff=6500 and 6450 K primary and secondary components, respectively. Previous Teff determinations and uncertainties suggest that each component is located in the midst of the Li dip. If so, their A(Li) are >=2-5 times larger than A(Li) detections and upper limits observed in the similar metallicity and intermediate-age open clusters NGC 752 and 3680, as well as the more metal-rich and younger Hyades and Praesepe. These differences are even larger if the consistent estimates of the scaling ofinitial Li with metallicity inferred from nearby disk stars, open clusters, and recent Galactic chemical evolution models are correct. Our results suggest, independently of complementary evidence based on Li/Be ratios, Be/B ratios, and Li in subgiants evolving out of the Li dip, that main-sequence angular momentum evolution is the origin of the Li dip. Specifically, our stars' A(Li) indicates tidal synchronization can be sufficiently efficient and occur early enough in short-period binary mid-F stars to reduce the effects of rotationally-induced mixing and destruction of Li occuring during the main-sequence in otherwise similar stars that are not short-period tidally-locked binaries.Comment: Accepted for publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (July 2013 volume

The effects of localized damping on structural response

The effect of localized structural damping on the excitability of higher order normal modes of the large space telescope was investigated. A preprocessor computer program was developed to incorporate Voigt structural joint damping models in a NASTRAN finite-element dynamic model. A postprocessor computer program was developed to select critical modes for low-frequency attitude control problems and for higher frequency fine-stabilization problems. The mode selection is accomplished by ranking the flexible modes based on coefficients for rate gyro, position gyro, and optical sensors, and on image-plane motions due to sinusoidal or random power spectral density force and torque inputs

Ion-water clusters, bulk medium effects, and ion hydration

Thermochemistry of gas-phase ion-water clusters together with estimates of the hydration free energy of the clusters and the water ligands are used to calculate the hydration free energy of the ion. Often the hydration calculations use a continuum model of the solvent. The primitive quasichemical approximation to the quasichemical theory provides a transparent framework to anchor such efforts. Here we evaluate the approximations inherent in the primitive quasichemical approach and elucidate the different roles of the bulk medium. We find that the bulk medium can stabilize configurations of the cluster that are usually not observed in the gas phase, while also simultaneously lowering the excess chemical potential of the ion. This effect is more pronounced for soft ions. Since the coordination number that minimizes the excess chemical potential of the ion is identified as the optimal or most probable coordination number, for such soft ions, the optimum cluster size and the hydration thermodynamics obtained without account of the bulk medium on the ion-water clustering reaction can be different from those observed in simulations of the aqueous ion. The ideas presented in this work are expected to be relevant to experimental studies that translate thermochemistry of ion-water clusters to the thermodynamics of the hydrated ion and to evolving theoretical approaches that combine high-level calculations on clusters with coarse-grained models of the medium

EXPLORING THE IMPACTS THAT VIRTUAL NATURE EXPOSURE CAN HAVE ON HEALTH AND WELL-BEING AND THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED:A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Exposure to nature can improve health and well-being. However, numerous populations have restricted access to outdoor environments. Reviews show virtual nature exposure can provide benefits for a range of health and well-being outcomes. There is space for a systematic review that provides an overview of all outcomes impacted by virtual nature exposure, as well as underlying mechanisms. This systematic review searched databases; PsycINFO, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Searches resulted in 9948 articles, with 66 studies included in the review. Findings showed virtual nature exposure can increase levels of mood, motivation, restorativeness, and cognitive functioning, whilst reducing anxiety, depressive symptoms, stress, and perceived pain. Presence and perceived restorativeness mediated improved positive affect after exposure, whilst connectedness to nature mediated improved positive affect and ability to reflect after exposure, and perceptions of safety mediated the extent to which enclosure of an environment predicted perceived restorativeness. There is support for virtual nature to be used in general and clinical settings for improving health and well-being, in addition as a tool for populations with limited mobility. Future studies should investigate long-term virtual exposure and conduct statistical analyses to understand the mechanisms linking virtual nature exposure with health and well-being outcomes