Linear active disturbance rejection control for large onshore wind turbines in full wind speed range

To achieve real-time estimation and compensation of total system disturbances and improve the control performance of wind turbines under complex turbulent wind conditions, three one-order LADRCs were used to reconstruct the wind turbine core control system. A dynamic variable limit LADRC was designed for torque control, a minimum limit LADRC was applied in pitch control, and a LADRC power controller was designed for decoupling torque and pitch control. The stability of the LADRCs was proven using the Lyapunov method. According to the transfer function of wind turbines and empirical equations, the parameters of each LADRC were tuned. Based on the hardware-in-loop simulation (HILS) test platform, the control algorithm of look-up table, PID, RISC, and LADRC were constructed by PLC language. Through comparative studies, it was verified that the algorithm proposed in this paper can reduce generator rotor speed and power fluctuations by about 13.6% and 1.7% at least, and it can also reduce the blade root load force

Shuangshen Ningxin capsule alleviates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in miniature pigs by modulating mitophagy: network pharmacology and experiments in vivo

Abstract Background Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI) is involved in a variety of pathological states for which there is no effective treatment exists. Shuangshen Ningxin (SSNX) capsule which is developed by Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine has been demonstrated to alleviate MI/RI, but its mechanism remains to be further elucidated. Methods The MI/RI miniature pigs model was constructed to assess the pharmacodynamics of SSNX by blocking the proximal blood flow of the left anterior descending branch of the cardiac coronary artery through an interventional balloon. The principal chemical compounds and potential targets of SSNX were screened by HPLC–MS and SwissTargetPrediction. The targets of MI/RI were identified based on Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and GeneCards. Cytoscape 3.9.0 was applied to construct a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, and Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using metascape. To further validate the mechanism of SSNX, Molecular docking, Transmission electron microscopy, and Western blot analysis were used to test the effectiveness of targets in related pathways. Results Our results indicated that SSNX significantly improved cardiac function, attenuated myocardial I/R injury. Through network analysis, a total of 15 active components and 201 targets were obtained from SSNX, 75 of which are potential targets for the treatment of MI/RI. KEGG and MCODE analysis showed that SSNX is involved in the mitophagy signaling pathway, and ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rb2 are key components associated with the mitophagy. Further experimental results proved that SSNX protected mitochondrial structure and function, and significantly reduced the expression of mitophagy-related proteins PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin, FUN14 domain containing 1 (FUNDC1) and Bcl-2/E1B-19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) in MI/RI miniature pigs. Conclusion In our study, the integration of network pharmacology and experiments in vivo demonstrated that SSNX interfered with MI/RI by inhibiting mitophagy

A multiple signal amplification sandwich-type SERS biosensor for femtomolar detection of miRNA

A multiple signal amplification sandwich-type SERS biosensor for femtomolar detection of miRN

Reflux symptom questionnaire in the diagnosis of reflux oesophagitis

Reflux symptom questionnaire (RSQ) is a useful tool in epidemiological study of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but the correlation between RSQ and the reflux oesophagitis (RE) is still unclear. We investigated the gastroesophageal reflux symptoms and endoscopic findings in farmers in Yantai area of Shandong Province, China, and evaluated RSQ in the diagnosis of RE

Effects of prolonged exposure to GF on defecation behavior and development of neurons controlling defecation behavior in nematodes.

<p>(A) Effects of GF exposure on mean defecation cycle length. (B) Effects of GF exposure on relative size of fluorescent puncta of AVL or DVB neurons. (C) Effects of GF exposure on development of AVL neurons. (D) Effects of GF exposure on development of DVB neurons. GF, Genkwa Flos. Exposures were performed from L1-larvae to young adult. Bars represent means ± S.E.M. *<i>p</i><0.05, **<i>p</i><0.01.</p

Effects of prolonged exposure to GF on intestinal development in nematodes.

<p>(A) Pictures showing the effects of GF exposure on intestinal ROS production. Paraquat (2 mM) treatment for 12-hr from L4-larvae was used as a positive control. Paraquat is a commonly used ROS-generator. (B) Comparison of intestinal ROS production between control and GF exposed nematodes. (C) Expression patterns of genes required for intestinal development in control and GF exposed nematodes. The results were expressed as the relative expression ratio between the targeted gene and the reference <i>tba-1</i> gene. GF, Genkwa Flos. Exposures were performed from L1-larvae to young adult. Bars represent means ± S.E.M. **<i>p</i><0.01.</p