Double BR-OVT: a new trap model for collecting eggs and adult mosquitoes from Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes spp.

The circulation of arboviruses throughout the world and the maintenance of lymphatic filariasis endemicity in tropical countries, combined with the lack of vaccines and specific treatments, highlight the importance of reducing the populations of mosquitoes involved in the transmission of these pathogens, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus. To contribute to the development of new strategies for monitoring and controlling these culicids, we evaluated the performance of the Double BR-OVT trap individually and in pairs, in the field. After 18 months, the Double BR-OVT traps captured a mean of 3.5 ± 7.4 and 1.8 ± 3.2 of Culex and Aedes/residence/cycle, respectively, in addition to 410 ± 588.3 Aedes eggs/residence/cycle. When installed in pairs, the Double BR-OVT traps collected three times more adult mosquitoes of C. quinquefasciatus (9.4 ± 8.3 Culex/ residence/bimester) and two times more Aedes spp. (3 ± 3.2 Aedes/residence/bimester) in comparison with the traps installed individually (2.6 ± 7.1 and 1.5 ± 3.2 Culex and Aedes/ residence/bimester, respectively) (p < 0.05). The Double BR-OVT trap has an exceptional advantage: it aggregates different functionalities into a single instrument, as this type of trap can concomitantly collect eggs and adult mosquitoes of C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti, a feature that makes it a potentially useful tool among the strategies for monitoring and controlling these mosquitoes

Agarose gel electrophoresis showing: Molecular xenomonitoring by <i>WbCx</i> PCR with field samples from Centro—São Luís.

M: 1Kb plus Ladder; 2–3, 5, 7–12: negative samples; 1, 4, 6: not visible bands; 13: positive control from known field sample; 14: Wb–positive control; N- Negative control. (PDF)</p

Agarose gel electrophoresis showing: Molecular xenomonitoring by <i>WbCx</i> PCR with field samples from Camboa—São Luís.

M: 1Kb plus Ladder; 1–4, 6–9, 11: negative samples; 5, 10: not visible bands; 12: positive control from known field sample; 13: Wb–positive control; N- Negative control. (PDF)</p

Molecular xenomonitoring of the status of LF in São Luís, MA, Brazil.

Molecular xenomonitoring of the status of LF in São Luís, MA, Brazil.</p

Agarose gel electrophoresis showing: Molecular xenomonitoring by <i>WbCx</i> PCR with field samples from Coreia—São Luís.

M: 1Kb plus Ladder; 1–3, 5–7, 9–12: negative samples; 4, 8: not visible bands; 13: positive control from known field sample; 14: Wb–positive control; N- Negative control. (PDF)</p

Agarose gel electrophoresis showing: Molecular xenomonitoring by <i>WbCx</i> PCR with field samples from Coreia—São Luís.

M: 1Kb plus Ladder; 1 negative sample; 2–6 positive samples; 7–9 negative samples; 10 positive control from known field sample; 11 negative control from known field sample; 12–13 Wb–positive control; N- Negative control. (PDF)</p

Number of mosquitoes collected from different premises and neighborhood in São Luís-MA-Brazil.

(XLSX)</p

Agarose gel electrophoresis showing: Molecular xenomonitoring by <i>WbCx</i> PCR with field samples from Fatima—São Luís.

M: 1Kb plus Ladder; 1–10: negative samples; 11: positive control from known field sample; 12: Wb–positive control; N- Negative control. (PDF)</p

Total <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i> females collected in São Luís, MA, Brazil, between July 2016 and October 2017.

Total Culex quinquefasciatus females collected in São Luís, MA, Brazil, between July 2016 and October 2017.</p

Agarose gel electrophoresis showing: Molecular xenomonitoring by <i>WbCx</i> PCR with field samples from Fabril—São Luís.

M: 1Kb plus Ladder; 1–12: negative samples; 13: positive control from known field sample; 14: Wb–positive control; N- Negative control. (PDF)</p