The distribution of chlorophyll in the western Indian Ocean during the northeast monsoon period, February 13-July 16, 1965

This report contains the observations of phytoplankton pigment characteristics made during ATLANTIS II Cruise No. 15 in the western Indian Ocean and its reaches during the period of February 13 through July 16, 1965. As pointed out in a previous report for this region (Laird et al., 1964), the observations should by no means be considered synoptic since short-term variation will occur in biological measurements. The value of the present observations is greatly enhanced by the fact that they repeat and extend the previous data from ATLANTIS II Cruise No. 8 for the area, but are taken at the opposite period of the year for all regions. The data permit only a first approximation of the relative fertility in the area, yet the seasonal contrast becomes an important consideration in the analysis and interpretation of the data. It is believed that this represents the first such large-scale survey for Indian Ocean waters.The National Science Foundation under Grant NSF-GP 82

Orientations Toward Leadership--Youth Views on the Roles, Responsibilities, Characteristics, and Behaviors of Service-Oriented Leadership

Approximately 540 statements about youth leadership were collected through the use of focus group interviews. These statements were tape recorded and transcribed. From the transcriptions, 71 statements were selected on the basis of their relevance to the research questions. From these statements, 49 Leadership Expectations concerning service-oriented leadership were identified. These 49 Leadership Expectations were then categorized into 11 Role, 10 Responsibility, 15 Characteristic, and 13 Behavior Expectations. Then, each of the four sets of Leadership Expectations was condensed into central Leadership Themes, resulting in 5 Role Themes, 4 Responsibility Themes, 5 Characteristic Themes, and 3 Behavior Themes. A questionnaire was developed using the 49 Leadership Expectations as questionnaire items. Questionnaire responses can therefore be categorized first into one of the four leadership dimensions, and further into one of the Leadership Themes for each dimension. Administering this questionnaire to a representative sample of youth leadership group participants should reveal an orientation toward leadership that is unique to the organization

A national UK survey of peripatetic support teams for children and adults with intellectual and developmental disability who display challenging behaviour

Background: The service provision model of peripatetic support teams for people with intellectual disabilities who present challenging behaviour has been well established in the United Kingdom, with a small but growing evidence base. The current context in the UK would appear to indicate an ever-increasing role for such teams, in order to support people in their own communities and reduce the reliance on out-of-area placements. This study sought to establish the current position of such teams within the UK. Method and materials: 46 teams were given the opportunity to complete an online questionnaire regarding the team's day to day functioning. Results: 20 services responded to the survey providing a range of data. The results suggested that the services were mainly targeted towards adults, had a range of working practices and therapeutic orientations, with broadly successful outcomes (albeit self reported). The data would also suggest that this type of provision had diminished in recent years. Conclusions: The implications of the survey are discussed within the context of the current policy in the UK. In particular, the lack of provision for children, the use of evidence based practice and what appears to be a diminishing resource just at the time when it is most needed are explored

The Heritage Area Movement: Redefining Opportunities for Extension Professionals

The heritage area movement is gaining momentum in the United States, offering new opportunities for Extension professionals to strengthen communities, build strong partnerships, and share the Extension story. This article reports on a case study examining the anatomy of a heritage area start-up, the Appalachian Forest Heritage Area (AFHA) in West Virginia and western Maryland. Results underscore the diversity of interest groups coalescing into the heritage area movement and illustrate the regional impact of Extension services. Issues raised by participants highlight many of the challenges heritage area projects face nationwide. Leadership opportunities for Extension professionals within the heritage area movement are discussed

DNA bending and the curious case of Fos/Jun

DNA bending has been implicated as an important regulatory mechanism in several processes involving protein—DNA interactions. Various methods for examining intrinsic and protein-induced DNA bending may lead to different conclusions. For the Fos and Jun transcription factors, this has resulted in controversy over whether these factors significantly bend DNA at all

Enterprise Smart Outlet

The purpose of our senior project, Enterprise Smart Outlet, is to create an electrical outlet which will allow enterprise users to monitor and change their power consumption habits on a large scale. The initial goal of this project is to allow consumers to see their power consumption per outlet in real time, and then using that information conform their future habits to help them conserve electrical energy, and more importantly, money. Three requirements for our project to meet our initial goal are, the outlet will work in a standard electrical outlet and be completely compatible with current electrical standards, the outlet will be easy to setup and monitor power consumption, and even recommend times when the outlet could be turned off the help save electricity, and third the device itself will consume a fraction of the amount of energy that the outlets are saving. Through the creation of our Enterprise Smart Outlet, we are hoping to help consumers be more informed about their energy consumption and use that information to shape future energy consumption habits

Comparing Simulations and Observations of the Lyman-Alpha Forest I. Methodology

We describe techniques for comparing spectra extracted from cosmological simulations and observational data, using the same methodology to link Lyman-alpha properties derived from the simulations with properties derived from observational data. The eventual goal is to measure the coherence or clustering properties of Lyman-alpha absorbers using observations of quasar pairs and groups. We quantify the systematic underestimate in opacity that is inherent in the continuum fitting process of observed spectra over a range of resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. We present an automated process for detecting and selecting absorption features over the range of resolution and signal-to-noise of typical observational data on the Lyman-alpha "forest". Using these techniques, we detect coherence over transverse scales out to 500 h^{-1}_{50} kpc in spectra extracted from a cosmological simulation at z = 2.Comment: 52 pages, includes 14 figures, to appear in ApJ v566 Feb 200

The influence of perceived causation on judgments of time: an integrative review and implications for decision-making

Recent research has shown that the perception of causality affects the judgment of elapsed time: an interval between an action and a subsequent event seems to be shorter when people believe that action has caused the event. This article reviews past work on the phenomenon and integrates the findings from the different settings in which it has been observed. The effect is found for actions people have personally taken, as well as for those they have simply read or heard about. It occurs for very short intervals (e.g., milliseconds) as well as longer periods (e.g., months or years). Beliefs and expectations about different types of causal forces and their trajectories over time can affect the degree of time compression in some settings. But the tendency toward compression of time is the default and dominant response: It persists when people think of generic causal relations and is enhanced when people opt for the quickest interpretation of causal relations. This robust influence of causality on time judgment appears to be linked to the basic tendency to rely on temporal proximity in processing causal relations and to people's early experience with the physical-mechanical world. Past work has focused primarily on the implications of time compression for the sense of agency, but this phenomenon has implications also for decisions that depend on time judgment. The compression of subjective time elapsed between actions and outcomes makes people more optimistically plan the timing of a focal action in the future, experience its effect earlier in the future, and be less likely to switch to an alternative course of action. The tendency toward compression can thus endow an action with a sort of privileged status or advantage