Limits on Kaluza-Klein Models from COBE Results

The large-angular-scale anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation in multidimensional cosmological models (Kaluza-Klein models) is studied. Limits on parameters of the models imposed by the experimental data are obtained. It is shown that in principle there is a room for Kaluza-Klein models as possible candidates for the description of the Early Universe. However, the obtained limits are very restrictive and none of the concrete models, analyzed in the article, satisfy them.Comment: 9 pages, Latex, one figure available on request at the following adress: [email protected]

Observing trans-Planckian ripples in the primordial power spectrum with future large scale structure probes

We revisit the issue of ripples in the primordial power spectra caused by trans-Planckian physics, and the potential for their detection by future cosmological probes. We find that for reasonably large values of the first slow-roll parameter epsilon (> 0.001), a positive detection of trans-Planckian ripples can be made even if the amplitude is as low as 10^-4. Data from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) and the proposed future 21 cm survey with the Fast Fourier Transform Telescope (FFTT) will be particularly useful in this regard. If the scale of inflation is close to its present upper bound, a scale of new physics as high as 0.2 M_Planck could lead to observable signatures.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, uses iopart.cls; v2: 21 pages, added references, to appear in JCA

Low-Ionization Emission Regions in Quasars: Gas Properties Probed with Broad O I and Ca II Lines

We have compiled the emission-line fluxes of O I 8446, O I 11287, and the near-IR Ca II triplet (8579) observed in 11 quasars. These lines are considered to emerge from the same gas as do the Fe II lines in the low-ionized portion of the broad emission line region (BELR). The compiled quasars are distributed over wide ranges of redshift (0.06 < z < 1.08) and of luminosity (-29.8 < M_B < -22.1), thus representing a useful sample to investigate the line-emitting gas properties in various quasar environments. The measured line strengths and velocities, as functions of the quasar properties, are analyzed using photoionization model calculations. We found that the flux ratio between Ca II and O I 8446 is hardly dependent on the redshift or luminosity, indicating similar gas density in the emission region from quasar to quasar. On the other hand, a scatter of the O I 11287/8446 ratios appears to imply the diversity of the ionization parameter. These facts invoke a picture of the line-emitting gases in quasars that have similar densities and are located at regions exposed to various ionizing radiation fluxes. The observed O I line widths are found to be remarkably similar over more than 3 orders of magnitude in luminosity, which indicates a kinematically determined location of the emission region and is in clear contrast to the well-studied case of H I lines. We also argue about the dust presence in the emission region since the region is suggested to be located near the dust sublimation point at the outer edge of the BELR.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ; minor rewordings mad

Nonlinear stability of flock solutions in second-order swarming models

In this paper we consider interacting particle systems which are frequently used to model collective behavior in animal swarms and other applications. We study the stability of orientationally aligned formations called flock solutions, one of the typical patterns emerging from such dynamics. We provide an analysis showing that the nonlinear stability of flocks in second-order models entirely depends on the linear stability of the first-order aggregation equation. Flocks are shown to be nonlinearly stable as a family of states under reasonable assumptions on the interaction potential. Furthermore, we numerically verify that commonly used potentials satisfy these hypotheses and investigate the nonlinear stability of flocks by an extensive case-study of uniform perturbations.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure, 1 tabl

Dispersion and Volatility in Stock Returns: An Empirical Investigation

This paper studies three different measures of monthly stock market volatility: the time-series volatility of daily market returns within the month; the cross-sectional volatility or 'dispersion' of daily returns on industry portfolios, relative to the market, within the month; and the dispersion of daily returns on individual firms, relative to their industries, within the month. Over the period 1962-97 there has been a noticeable increase in firm-level volatility relative to market volatility. All the volatility measures move together in a countercyclical fashion. While market volatility tends to lead the other volatility series, industry-level volatility is a particularly important leading indicator for the business cycle.

Study of electron-phonon interactions in III-V semiconductors Quarterly progress report no. 2, Apr. 15 - Jul. 15, 1965

Electron-phonon attenuation measured in indium arsenide and gallium arsenide single crystals at 10 Kmc and 10 mc as function of temperatur

Properties of the most metal-poor gas-rich LSB dwarf galaxies SDSS J0015+0104 and J2354-0005 residing in the Eridanus void

SDSS J0015+0104 is the lowest metallicity low surface brightness dwarf (LSBD) galaxy known. The oxygen abundance in its HII region SDSS J001520.70+010436.9 (at ~1.5 kpc from the galaxy centre) is 12+log(O/H)=7.07 (Guseva et al.). This galaxy, at the distance of 28.4 Mpc, appears to reside deeply in the volume devoid of luminous massive galaxies, known as the Eridanus void. SDSS J235437.29-000501.6 is another Eridanus void LSBD galaxy, with parameter 12+log(O/H)=7.36 (also Guseva et al.). We present the results of their HI observations with the Nancay Radio Telescope revealing their high ratios of M(HI)/L_B ~2.3. Based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey images, we derived for both galaxies their radial surface brightness profiles and the main photometric parameters. Their colours and total magnitudes are used to estimate the galaxy stellar mass and ages. The related gas mass-fractions, f_g ~0.98 and ~0.97, and the extremely low metallicities (much lower than for their more typical counterparts with the same luminosity) indicate their unevolved status. We compare these Eridanus void LSBDs with several extreme LSBD galaxies residing in the nearby Lynx-Cancer void. Based on the combination of all their unusual properties, the two discussed LSBD galaxies are similar to the unusual LSBDs residing in the closer void. This finding presents additional evidence for the existence in voids of a4 figures, sizable fraction of low-mass unevolved galaxies. Their dedicated search might result in the substantial increase of the number of such objects in the local Universe and in the advancement of understanding their nature.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted to MNRAS 02.04.2013. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0909.134

Exact two-holon wave functions in the Kuramoto-Yokoyama model

We construct the explicit two-holon eigenstates of the SU(2) Kuramoto-Yokoyama model at the level of explicit wave functions. We derive the exact energies and obtain the individual holon momenta, which are quantized according to the half-Fermi statistics of the holons.Comment: 16 pages revte