Carcinoma epidermoide en párpados. Presentación de un caso

Desde el punto de vista clínico muchas de las lesiones neoplásicas y seudoneoplásicas del párpado y la conjuntiva son confundibles, por lo que se hace necesario realizar un examen anatomopatológico para el diagnóstico y tratamiento correcto. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 84 años, atendida en el Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital Gustavo Aldereguía Lima, de Cienfuegos, por presentar una lesión amplia, ulcerada y vascularizada que se encontraba en párpado superior en su porción interna, cabeza de la ceja del ojo derecho y párpado inferior del ojo izquierdo. Se le realizó biopsia, mediante la que se detectó un carcinoma epidermoide, para lo que se le realizó una exéresis amplia de la región afectada mediante tratamiento quirúrgico y se le reconstruyó toda la zona a través de la técnica de Tenzel para poder mejorar la calidad de vida de la paciente. Por haberse presentado de manera bilateral, lo que es poco frecuente, se decidió la presentación del caso

Impact of surgery on visual acuity and life quality of senile patients

Background: Cataract surgery is widely accepted nowadays since it helps improving vision and life quality. Objective: To assess the visual outcome, life quality and advantages of microsurgery in one of the most common visual diseases. Methods: A prospective, descriptive, study including variables as age, gender, general and visual personal pathological history of all the patients who attended to the provisional consultation of the General Hospital “Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima” in Cienfuegos between January, 1st 2008 and March 31st, 2008. 285 patients of 60 years and more were studied using questionnaires and a complete ophthalmological study. Results: Two months after the surgery it was proved that visual sharpness improved significantly reaching 0,5 and more in almost all the patients (97,2 %); 96,8% changes their life quality after the surgery. Satisfaction degree was 96.9 % and 96.8 %. Conclusions: We recommend this surgery since the operated patients present evidences of improvement in visual functioning and sharpness and life quality compared with their conditions before the surgery

Impact of surgery on visual acuity and life quality of senile patients

<strong>Background:</strong> Cataract surgery is widely accepted nowadays since it helps improving vision and life quality. <br /><strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the visual outcome, life quality and advantages of microsurgery in one of the most common visual diseases. <strong><br />Methods:</strong> A prospective, descriptive, study including variables as age, gender, general and visual personal pathological history of all the patients who attended to the provisional consultation of the General Hospital “Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima” in Cienfuegos between January, 1st 2008 and March 31st, 2008. 285 patients of 60 years and more were studied using questionnaires and a complete ophthalmological study. <strong><br />Results:</strong> Two months after the surgery it was proved that visual sharpness improved significantly reaching 0,5 and more in almost all the patients (97,2 %); 96,8% changes their life quality after the surgery. Satisfaction degree was 96.9 % and 96.8 %. <strong><br />Conclusions:</strong> We recommend this surgery since the operated patients present evidences of improvement in visual functioning and sharpness and life quality compared with their conditions before the surgery

Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma associated with human papillomavirus

Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the adnexa of the eye. It is associated with multiple risk factors, including infection with the human papillomavirus, which represents a serious health problem worldwide. This study presents the case of a 39-year-old female patient who visited the department of ophthalmology due to a lobulated lesion that affected the cornea in the right eye, of 6 months of progress, accompanied by scarce lacrimation and pain of mild intensity that was relieved with habitual analgesics. Due to the clinical and macroscopic characteristics of the lesion, it was interpreted as a conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia. Surgery was decided to perform exeresis and anatomopathological study. The diagnosis reached was a moderately differentiated and infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma of the bulbar conjunctiva, associated with cytotoxic changes due to human papillomavirus, confirmed by nuclear and cytoplasmatic positivity for the p16 immunohistochemical marker.</p

Ocular toxocariasis. A case presentation

A clinical case on ocular toxocariasis is presented. The clinical manifestations were pain and red eye in a four year-old child. A prior acute uveitis in the LE was found in the physical ocular exam. Vitrea band that was out of the superior edge of papila and a marginal granuloma were found in the eyes fundus. The patient was admitted and treated with oral corticoids and oral antihelmintics <br /

Influence of cataract surgery in biopsychosocial adaptation in the elderly

<strong>Background</strong>: The twenty-first century is characterized by a progressive aging in the population, with the subsequent demand of medical care it implies due to the polimorbility rates typical of this stage of life. <strong><br />Objective</strong>: to prove the positive influence of cataract surgery in biopsychosocial adaptation of elderlies. <strong><br />Methods</strong>: a descriptive study conducted from January to June 2008 in the General University Hospital "Dr. Aldereguía Gustavo Lima’’ in Cienfuegos. The 60 elder patients who underwent surgery cataract in that period were included. Geriatric evaluation was used as assessment instrument. It was applied before and 3 months after cataract surgery and included the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Rating Scale to measure emotional function and the Katz index for functional evaluation. The variables used are part of the preoperative geriatric assessment. Among them we can find biomedical, social, functional and psychological aspects as well as-risk benefit and anesthetic risks analysis. <strong><br />Results</strong>: the largest amount of patients was between 70 and 74 years old, predominantly males and white skinned. Most frequent personal pathological records were arthropathies, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. A significant relationship between initial visual acuity levels and depression rates was found; as well as limitations in performing basic daily life activities. <strong><br />Conclusions</strong>: with surgical intervention an improved visual acuity was achieved and a number of functional capacities were reestablished to allow a better biopsychosocial adaptation in elderlies

Visual prognosis after standardized classification in patients with ocular trauma

Background: Ocular traumas are a common cause of visual deficiency, mainly of monocular blindness. Objective: To compare the visual prognosis after the standardized classification of visual trauma. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out including 108 paediatric patients from the University Hospital “Paquito González Cueto” diagnosed with ocular trauma between January 2003 and December 2008. The programs used to process data were SPSS and Windows (11.0). The variables under study were: gender, age, circumstances of the trauma, causal agent, affected ocular area, initial degree of visual accuracy, diagnosis on hospital admission and standardized classification of ocular trauma. Results: There was a prevalence of males, with 85 patients aged more than 10 years old (43 children). The prevalent type of trauma was the closed trauma with 66 patients (66 %) and the most common diagnosis leading to their admission to hospital was hyphaemia (54 patients ). Conclusions: The correct application of the ocular trauma standardized classification allows damage classification as well as the patient’s visual prognosis

Presencia de afecciones oftalmológicas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Fundamento: la diabetes mellitus es un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial, por ser una de las afecciones no transmisibles más frecuentes, así como por la severidad y diversidad de sus complicaciones crónicas, que incluyen al órgano de la visión. Objetivo: identificar la presencia de afecciones oftalmológicas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: estudio descriptivo de serie de casos realizado en el Centro de Atención y Educación al Diabético, de Cienfuegos, en el período comprendido entre enero y junio del 2010, que incluyó a los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 que recibieron ingreso ambulatorio en dicha institución. Variables analizadas: edad, sexo, color de la piel, antecedentes patológicos personales, factores de riesgo, afecciones  oftalmológicas declaradas y ocultas en estos pacientes, así como el grado de satisfacción de los diabéticos ingresados en el centro. Resultados: el mayor por ciento de pacientes correspondió al sexo femenino (58,7 %) y al grupo de edad entre 50-69 años (34, 6 %); las afecciones  generales y oftalmológicas referidas con mayor frecuencia fueron la hipertensión arterial (52, 4 %) y la catarata (17, 8 %) respectivamente; entre las oftalmológicas ocultas predominaron la catarata y la sospecha de glaucoma. El 96,6 % de los diabéticos estudiados están satisfechos con la atención recibida en el centro. Conclusiones: es frecuente en nuestro medio que los pacientes diabéticos sufran afecciones oftalmológicas no diagnosticadas. En una cifra considerable de pacientes se asocia la diabetes mellitus con la hipertensión arterial y la catarata.</p

Epidermoid carcinoma of the conjunctiva. Case report

Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 76 años de edad con un carcinoma epidermoide de conjuntiva.  La manifestación clínica principal fue la molestia, el dolor y el ojo rojo. Al examen físico ocular se encontró lesión blanquecina, con vasos sanguíneos en el ángulo interno, por encima del pterigion en ojo derecho. Se diagnosticó como carcinoma epidermoide de la conjuntiva, el cual evolucionó de forma rápida e invasiva. Se intervino quirúrgicamente en tres ocasiones debido a las recurrencias.</p