Additional file 2: of LYL1 gene amplification predicts poor survival of patients with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma: analysis of the Cancer genome atlas data

Figure S2. Enriched genes of cancer-related and cell proliferation pathways according to the two histologic types; serous and endometrioid. (PNG 486 kb

Additional file 2: of LYL1 gene amplification predicts poor survival of patients with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma: analysis of the Cancer genome atlas data

Figure S2. Enriched genes of cancer-related and cell proliferation pathways according to the two histologic types; serous and endometrioid. (PNG 486 kb

Additional file 1: of LYL1 gene amplification predicts poor survival of patients with uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma: analysis of the Cancer genome atlas data

Figure S1. Gene set enrichment analysis according to histologic types and TCGA classes. (PNG 144 kb

The BDNF Val⁶⁶Met Polymorphism Influences Reading Ability and Patterns of Neural Activation in Children

<div><p>Understanding how genes impact the brain’s functional activation for learning and cognition during development remains limited. We asked whether a common genetic variant in the <i>BDNF</i> gene (the Val⁶⁶Met polymorphism) modulates neural activation in the young brain during a critical period for the emergence and maturation of the neural circuitry for reading. In animal models, the <i>bdnf</i> variation has been shown to be associated with the structure and function of the developing brain and in humans it has been associated with multiple aspects of cognition, particularly memory, which are relevant for the development of skilled reading. Yet, little is known about the impact of the Val⁶⁶Met polymorphism on functional brain activation in development, either in animal models or in humans. Here, we examined whether the BDNF Val⁶⁶Met polymorphism (dbSNP rs6265) is associated with children’s (age 6–10) neural activation patterns during a reading task (n = 81) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), genotyping, and standardized behavioral assessments of cognitive and reading development. Children homozygous for the Val allele at the SNP rs6265 of the <i>BDNF</i> gene outperformed Met allele carriers on reading comprehension and phonological memory, tasks that have a strong memory component. Consistent with these behavioral findings, Met allele carriers showed greater activation in reading–related brain regions including the fusiform gyrus, the left inferior frontal gyrus and left superior temporal gyrus as well as greater activation in the hippocampus during a word and pseudoword reading task. Increased engagement of memory and spoken language regions for Met allele carriers relative to Val/Val homozygotes during reading suggests that Met carriers have to exert greater effort required to retrieve phonological codes.</p></div

Participant characteristics by genotype group.

<p>Participant characteristics by genotype group.</p

Brain-behavior correlations.

<p>Correlations between children’s performance on behavioral battery and mean activation in regions reported in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0157449#pone.0157449.t003" target="_blank">Table 3</a> (regions where Met allele carriers showed greater activation than Val/Val homozygotes). All correlations are significant at p <.05, after permutation testing.</p

Neural activation differences by condition and group.

<p>Neural activation differences by condition and group.</p

Neural activation by Condition.

<p>Comparison of neural activation during word versus pseudoword reading. Greater activation was observed for pseudowords relative to words.</p

Schematic of fMRI paradigm.

<p>A picture cue is displayed and participants make identity match/mismatch judgments to print and speech tokens.</p

Can simple trachelectomy or conization show comparable survival rate compared with radical trachelectomy in IA1 cervical cancer patients with lymphovascular space invasion who wish to save fertility? A systematic review and guideline recommendation

<div><p>Objective</p><p>This study aims to analyze the published literatures on the effect of less radical fertility-preserving procedures, such as conization or simple trachelectomy, on oncological outcomes in IA1 cervical cancer patients with lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) through a systematic-review.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The EMBASE and MEDLINE databases and Cochrane Library were searched for published studies reporting the oncological outcomes of conization/simple trachelectomy in these patients, through April 2017. The endpoints were recurrence and mortality rates. Data were presented as per the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Practice guidelines were generated via the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.</p><p>Results</p><p>From 6,755 records, 94 full-texts articles were reviewed for eligibility, and five studies were included in this systematic review. All included studies were nonrandomized studies: two case-control studies comparing conization (n = 14) with hysterectomy (n = 24), and the other three were interrupted time series including conization (n = 20) and simple vaginal trachelectomy (n = 59). During the median follow-up duration of 43 months, no recurrence was reported in both conization and simple trachelectomy groups in IA1 patients with LVSI. From three studies reporting the fertility outcomes, the rates of pregnancy, live birth, preterm delivery, and second-trimester miscarriage were 73% (35/48), 64% (32/50), 10% (5/48), and 6% (3/48), respectively.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Results suggest that simple trachelectomy or conization could be performed for IA1 cervical cancer patients with LVSI who want to preserve fertility, although these results are only based on a small number of nonrandomized studies (recommendation grade 2 = weak; evidence level D = very low). Further randomized trials with long-term study period are needed to address this issue.</p></div