873 research outputs found
Occurrence of Salmonella and Campylobacter in the farm of origin
Deckblatt-Impressum
persönlicher Dank
Inhaltsverzeichnis
AbkĂĽrzungsverzeichnis
Einleitung
Literatur
Eigene Untersuchungen
Ergebnisse
Diskussion
Zusammenfassung
Summary
Literaturverzeichnis
Danksagung
SelbständigkeitserklärungIn der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden sechs Herkunftsbetriebe eines
Schweinemästerverbundes in Nierdersachsen auf Salmonella und Campylobacter
geprüft. Gesucht wurde nach möglichen Zusammenhängen der positiven Funde zu
Prädilektionsstellen oder dem Betriebsmanagement. Die Untersuchungen:
Untersucht wurden Proben aus der Tierumgebung, die, der Schwarz-WeiĂź-Trennung
der Betriebe folgend, dem Stallinnenbereich (Kot, Spaltenboden, Futtertrog,
Tränke, Fliegen, Stiefel), dem Stallaußenbereich (Oberflächenwasser, Erde,
Vogelkot, Rektaltupfer von Hund oder Katze) und dem Zuliefer- und
Entsorgungsbereich (Silofutter, Stadt- oder Brunnenwasser, Kompost) zugeordnet
worden waren. Zusätzlich wurden anhand eines Fragebogens betriebsinterne
Managementfaktoren erfasst und ein Grundriss der Betriebe gefertigt. Alle
Betriebe wurden in zwei Durchgängen (zwischen Januar und Juni sowie zwischen
September und November) im Verlauf des Jahres 2003 besucht. Insgesamt wurden
657 Proben im institutseigenen Labor auf Salmonella (DIN ISO 6579) und
Campylobacter (ISO DIS 10272) untersucht. Die identifizierten Salmonella-
Isolate wurden am Bundesinstitut fĂĽr Risikobewertung serotypisiert, die
Spezies-Differenzierung der Campylobacter-Isolate erfolgte anhand
biochemischer Reaktionen im institutseigenen Labor. Ergebnisse Isolate: Die
Ergebnisse zeigen eine unterschiedliche Belastung und Verteilung der genannten
Zoonoseerreger in der Tierumgebung. Salmonella wurde in 5,9 % aller Proben
nachgewiesen. Diese fanden sich in drei von sechs Betrieben, die Nachweisraten
lagen zwischen 0,0 % und 28,1 %. Bezogen auf alle Betriebe, fanden sich
Salmonella-Isolate mit 6,0 % im Stallinnenbereich, mit 7,8 % im
StallauĂźenbereich und mit 2,7 % im Zuliefer- und Entsorgungsbereich. Es wurden
ĂĽberwiegend Salmonella Typhimurium und Salmonella Derby identifiziert.
Campylobacter wurde auf allen Betrieben und in insgesamt 27,4 % aller Proben
nachgewiesen, die Nachweisraten lagen zwischen 12,5 % und 41,2 %.
Campylobacter-Isolate fanden sich nur im Stallinnenbereich (35,0 %) und im
StallauĂźenbereich (11,6 %). Es wurden ĂĽberwiegend Campylobacter lari und
Campylobacter coli identifiziert. Ergebnisse Management: Es konnten Umstände
ermittelt werden, die sich fördernd auf das Auftreten von Salmonella und
Campylobacter auswirken können. Mit Salmonellen belastet war die Tierumgebung
der Betriebe mit einer Buchtenbelegung von mehr als 12 Tieren (Betrieb D und
F) sowie Betriebe mit Bestandsgrößen von 1000 oder mehr Tieren (Betrieb C und
D), wobei Ausnahmen möglich waren (Betrieb E und F). Hinsichtlich der
einzelnen Betriebe wurde der SchluĂź gezogen, dass parallel existierende
Produktionszweige (Betrieb C) und ein mäßiges Hygiene- und Betriebsmanagement
(defekte Tränkeanlage, überlaufende Gülle, Betrieb D) das Auftretetn von
Salmonella in der Tierumgebung begünstigen können. Eine höhere
Campylobacterbelastung konnte in der Tierumgebung der Betriebe ohne
Stalldesinfektion ermittelt werden gegenĂĽber den Betrieben, die eine
Stalldesinfektion durchfĂĽhrten (Betrieb A und C). Die Ausnahme bildete Betrieb
F (keine Desinfektion) mit der zweitniedrigsten Campylobacter Nachweisrate.
Eine massive Fliegenbelastung (Betrieb E) ging mit erhöhtem Auftreten von
Campylobacter in der Tierumgebung einher.Six selected pig farms of a fattening association in Lower Saxony, Germany,
were surveyed for Salmonella and Campylobacter. It was the aim of the study to
find out possible relationships between positive results and predilection
sites or farm management. The procedure: Samples were taken from the animal
environment. Following the black and white separation scheme of the farms,
samples were allocated to the interior (faeces, slatted floors, feeding and
drinking troughs, flies, boots), to the exterior (water from the site, soil,
bird faeces, rectal swabs from dogs or cats) and from the supply and disposing
area (feed silos, municipal or fountain water, compost). In addition, farm
internal management factors were taken as well as a ground view of the aerea
was set up. All farms were visited twice during the year 2003 (between January
and June and between September and November). In total, 657 samples were
tested for Salmonella (following DIN ISO 6579) and Campylobacter (following
ISO DIS 10272). The obtained Salmonella strains were serotyped at the German
Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, the species differentiation of the
Campylobacter isolates was performed via biochemical reactions in the
laboratory of the institute. Results: Isolates: Results reflect a different
burden and distribution of the zoonotic agents in the environment. Salmonella
was detected in 5,9 % of all samples. Three of six farms were positive, the
percentage ranged from 0,0 % to 28,1 %. Based on all results, isolates were
obtained from 6 % of samples from the interior, from 7,8 % of samples from the
exterior and in 2,7 % of cases from the supply and disposal area.
Predominantly identified were Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Derby.
Campylobacter was obtained from 27,4 % of all samples, with a detection rate
between 12,5 % and 41,2 %. Campylobacter isolates were only found in the
interior (35,0 %) and in the exterior (11,6 %). Predominantly identified
species were Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter coli. Management:
Circumstances which might promote the occurrence of Salmonella and
Campylobacter were identified. Salmonella positive were the animal
environments in farms with more than 12 animals per pen (farm D and F) as well
as farms with a stocking number of more than 1000 and more animals (farm C and
D). However, the effect of stocking number was not always the case: (farm E
and F). It was concluded that the presence of more than one species present on
the site (farm C) or not appropriate hygiene and farm management (defect
drinking trough facilities, spilling liquid manure [farm D]) might further
promote the occurrence of Salmonella in the animal environment. A higher
burden of Campylobacter was obtained in the environment of farms without
disinfection in contrast to farms performing disinfection (farm A and C), with
the exemption of farm F (no disinfection), showing the second lowest
Campylobacter detection rate. A massive burden of flies (farm E) went along
with a high Campylobacter prevalence in the animal environment
Great Lakes Research and Education Center, Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore: Connecting Research, Education, and Outreach through Research Internships
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The 1960’s decade could be described as a tumultuous yet momentous time period for Taylor University. The institution underwent transitions in administrative leaders, vital decisions were made regarding long-term future planning, and Taylor was navigating the changes and challenges facing higher education in America. A formative experience that shaped the future of the institution was the unexpected and devastating burning of the H. Maria Wright Hall. Often described as the “nerve center” of Taylor’s campus in Upland, Indiana, the building housed faculty and administrative offices, classrooms, the library, the chapel, and other vital spaces for the successful operation of the institution (Cleveland; Ringenberg, 2003). No one could have been prepared for the loss the fire brought, yet looking back in the aftermath, it can be seen as a catalyst for immense growth and change for the university. In this paper, I will summarize the events of the H. Maria Wright Hall fire of 1960 and analyze the event’s lasting effects on Taylor University
Queer Content in Science Fiction Allegory and Analogue: Is It In Disguise?
This thesis performs a textual analysis of two for-profit science fiction texts in which the authors implanted queer content: Bryan Singer\u27s X-Men films and James Robert\u27s Transformers comic series, More Than Meets the Eye . The argument incorporates queer (referring to attraction and gender variance) media representation and western identity politics lenses into its critique.
By interrogating reality through the masquerade of an impossible universe, science fiction affects how subversive a text can be. When authors designate the natural and the unnatural in a strange universe, they designate what and who belongs in our society. Whatever they imagine has an effect on our reality
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