4 research outputs found
Role of the SNARE Memb11 as "receptor" of the GTPase Arf1 at the Golgi apparatus of Arabidopsis thaliana
Les protĂ©ines SNARE (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment protein REceptor) sont essentielles pour la fusion membranaire. J'ai Ă©tudiĂ© chez Arabidopsis thaliana la SNARE Memb11 de lâappareil de Golgi qui intervient au dĂ©but de la voie sĂ©crĂ©toire Ă l'interface RĂ©ticulum endoplasmique (RE)-appareil de Golgi. Dans les cellules de mammifĂšres, l'orthologue de Memb11 (Membrine) est un « rĂ©cepteur » potentiel de la GTPase Arf1 Ă la membrane golgienne. Cette derniĂšre est impliquĂ©e dans le recrutement de la machinerie COPI nĂ©cessaire au transport rĂ©trograde de l'appareil de Golgi vers le RE. Le but de ce travail Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer si Memb11 pouvait interagir avec Arf1 dans les cellules vĂ©gĂ©tales. Des anticorps dirigĂ©s contre la partie cytosolique de Memb11 ont Ă©tĂ© obtenus et ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s sur tissus vĂ©gĂ©taux pour rĂ©aliser des immunomarquages en microscopie Ă©lectronique Ă transmission et des immunoprĂ©cipitations sur extraits de plantes. Il a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© que Memb11 est situĂ©e au niveau de la membrane cis-golgienne et qu'elle co-immunoprĂ©cipite avec Arf1, suggĂ©rant ainsi que Arf1 peut interagir avec Memb11. J'ai confirmĂ© l'interaction de Memb11 et Arf1 au niveau de l'appareil de Golgi par des expĂ©riences de BiFC (Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation) in vivo. Cette interaction est spĂ©cifique puisque ni Memb12 (90% d'identitĂ© avec Memb11) ni Sec22 interagissent avec Arf1. GrĂące Ă une approche de bioinformatique structurale, j'ai dĂ©terminĂ© les rĂ©gions de Memb11 (diffĂ©rentes de Memb12) qui pourraient ĂȘtre critiques pour l'interaction et jâai commencĂ© Ă tester in vivo les mutants correspondants par BiFC. En outre, des expĂ©riences dâimmunoprĂ©cipitations avec des protĂ©ines recombinantes produites in vitro suggĂšrent que la forme dâArf1 liĂ©e au GTP interagit avec Memb11.The SNARE proteins (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment protein REceptor) are critical for membrane fusion in the secretory pathway. I have studied the Golgi SNARE Memb11 in Arabidopsis thaliana cells. Memb11 is involved at the ER-Golgi interface. In mammalian cells, the ortholog of Memb11 (Membrin) is the potential âreceptorâ of the GTPase Arf1 in the Golgi membrane. This protein is involved for the recruitment of the COPI machinery, required for retrograde transport from the Golgi to the ER. The aim of this work was to determine whether Memb11 can interact with Arf1 in plant cells. Antibodies against the cytosolic part of Memb11 were obtained and were applied on plant tissues to perform immunolabeling by transmission electron microscopy and immunoprecipitation (IP) studies. It has been shown that Memb11 is located at the cis-Golgi and that it co-immunoprecipated with Arf1, suggesting that Arf1 may interact with Memb11. I confirmed the interaction of Memb11 and Arf1 at the Golgi by in vivo BiFC (Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation) experiments. This interaction was specific since neither Memb12 (90% identity with Memb11) nor Sec22 interacted with ARF1. Thanks to a structural bioinformatic approach, I determined the regions in Memb11 (different from Memb12) that could be critical for the interaction and started to test corresponding mutants in vivo by BiFC. In addition, IP experiments with recombinant proteins produced in vitro suggest that the GTP-bound form of ARF1 interacts with Memb11
Role of the SNARE Memb11 as "receptor" of the GTPase Arf1 at the Golgi apparatus of Arabidopsis thaliana
Les protĂ©ines SNARE (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment protein REceptor) sont essentielles pour la fusion membranaire. J'ai Ă©tudiĂ© chez Arabidopsis thaliana la SNARE Memb11 de lâappareil de Golgi qui intervient au dĂ©but de la voie sĂ©crĂ©toire Ă l'interface RĂ©ticulum endoplasmique (RE)-appareil de Golgi. Dans les cellules de mammifĂšres, l'orthologue de Memb11 (Membrine) est un « rĂ©cepteur » potentiel de la GTPase Arf1 Ă la membrane golgienne. Cette derniĂšre est impliquĂ©e dans le recrutement de la machinerie COPI nĂ©cessaire au transport rĂ©trograde de l'appareil de Golgi vers le RE. Le but de ce travail Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer si Memb11 pouvait interagir avec Arf1 dans les cellules vĂ©gĂ©tales. Des anticorps dirigĂ©s contre la partie cytosolique de Memb11 ont Ă©tĂ© obtenus et ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©s sur tissus vĂ©gĂ©taux pour rĂ©aliser des immunomarquages en microscopie Ă©lectronique Ă transmission et des immunoprĂ©cipitations sur extraits de plantes. Il a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© que Memb11 est situĂ©e au niveau de la membrane cis-golgienne et qu'elle co-immunoprĂ©cipite avec Arf1, suggĂ©rant ainsi que Arf1 peut interagir avec Memb11. J'ai confirmĂ© l'interaction de Memb11 et Arf1 au niveau de l'appareil de Golgi par des expĂ©riences de BiFC (Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation) in vivo. Cette interaction est spĂ©cifique puisque ni Memb12 (90% d'identitĂ© avec Memb11) ni Sec22 interagissent avec Arf1. GrĂące Ă une approche de bioinformatique structurale, j'ai dĂ©terminĂ© les rĂ©gions de Memb11 (diffĂ©rentes de Memb12) qui pourraient ĂȘtre critiques pour l'interaction et jâai commencĂ© Ă tester in vivo les mutants correspondants par BiFC. En outre, des expĂ©riences dâimmunoprĂ©cipitations avec des protĂ©ines recombinantes produites in vitro suggĂšrent que la forme dâArf1 liĂ©e au GTP interagit avec Memb11.The SNARE proteins (Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment protein REceptor) are critical for membrane fusion in the secretory pathway. I have studied the Golgi SNARE Memb11 in Arabidopsis thaliana cells. Memb11 is involved at the ER-Golgi interface. In mammalian cells, the ortholog of Memb11 (Membrin) is the potential âreceptorâ of the GTPase Arf1 in the Golgi membrane. This protein is involved for the recruitment of the COPI machinery, required for retrograde transport from the Golgi to the ER. The aim of this work was to determine whether Memb11 can interact with Arf1 in plant cells. Antibodies against the cytosolic part of Memb11 were obtained and were applied on plant tissues to perform immunolabeling by transmission electron microscopy and immunoprecipitation (IP) studies. It has been shown that Memb11 is located at the cis-Golgi and that it co-immunoprecipated with Arf1, suggesting that Arf1 may interact with Memb11. I confirmed the interaction of Memb11 and Arf1 at the Golgi by in vivo BiFC (Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation) experiments. This interaction was specific since neither Memb12 (90% identity with Memb11) nor Sec22 interacted with ARF1. Thanks to a structural bioinformatic approach, I determined the regions in Memb11 (different from Memb12) that could be critical for the interaction and started to test corresponding mutants in vivo by BiFC. In addition, IP experiments with recombinant proteins produced in vitro suggest that the GTP-bound form of ARF1 interacts with Memb11
A two genes â for â one gene interaction between Leptosphaeria maculans and Brassica napus
International audienceInteractions between Leptosphaeria maculans, causal agent of stem canker of oilseed rape, and its Brassica hosts are models of choice to explore the multiplicity of 'gene-for-gene' complementarities and how they diversified to increased complexity in the course of plant-pathogen co-evolution. Here, we support this postulate by investigating the AvrLm10 avirulence that induces a resistance response when recognized by the Brassica nigra resistance gene Rlm10. Using genome-assisted map-based cloning, we identified and cloned two AvrLm10 candidates as two genes in opposite transcriptional orientation located in a subtelomeric repeat-rich region of the genome. The AvrLm10 genes encode small secreted proteins and show expression profiles in planta similar to those of all L. maculans avirulence genes identified so far. Complementation and silencing assays indicated that both genes are necessary to trigger Rlm10 resistance. Three assays for protein-protein interactions showed that the two AvrLm10 proteins interact physically in vitro and in planta. Some avirulence genes are recognized by two distinct resistance genes and some avirulence genes hide the recognition specificities of another. Our L. maculans model illustrates an additional case where two genes located in opposite transcriptional orientation are necessary to induce resistance. Interestingly, orthologues exist for both L. maculans genes in other phytopathogenic species, with a similar genome organization, which may point to an important conserved effector function linked to heterodimerization of the two proteins