Sistema de información estadística integrado de intoxicaciones agudas como base del sistema de toxicovigilancia en Angola

Introducción: La intoxicación aguda, considerada como una manifestación patológica definida por signos y síntomas, se presenta por la acción de una o varias dosis de un agente tóxico. Los sistemas de vigilancia toxicológica permiten, entre otras ventajas, identificar riesgos graves de intoxicación en la comunidad. Objetivo: Estructurar un sistema integrado de información estadística de las intoxicaciones agudas, como base del sistema de toxicovigilancia en Angola. Material y Métodos: Se realizó el diseño de un sistema automatizado de información estadística integrado de intoxicaciones agudas, para lo cual se revisaron los modelos de recogida de datos de los reportes estadísticos de otros centros reconocidos de países como Brasil, Cuba y los Estados Unidos y se elaboró un prototipo para el CIMETOX que se correspondiera con las evidencias de causas y factores de riesgo asociados con intoxicaciones agudas. Resultados: El Sistema de Información Estadística Integrado de Toxicología creado es un sistema de reporte de consultas toxicológicas y notificación de casos, conformado por tres modelos de recogida de datos: uno, para aplicar en los Centros de Toxicología; otro, para Policlínicos y Hospitales seleccionados como sitios centinelas para registrar y notificar los casos de Intoxicación aguda que sean atendidos. La información estadística recogida en ambos modelos se integra en un tercer modelo estadístico. Conclusiones: Se estructuró un sistema de información estadística integrado de intoxicaciones agudas a partir de la definición de tres modelos de recogida que constituyen la fuente fundamental de la base de datos denominada Vigcimetox.Palabras clave: Toxicología, sistema de toxicovigilancia, información, estadística, intoxicación aguda, Angola, base de datos. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Acute intoxication is considers like specific pathology defined by signs and symptoms, is presenting by one or several doses of a toxic agent. Toxicological surveillance systems allow among other advantage identified serious risk of community intoxication. Objective: To build an integrated informational statistic system of acute intoxications as database belonging to Angolan toxic –surveillance system. Material and Methods:  The design of an informational integrated statistic automatized system of acute intoxication was made to do that were reviewed the collecting primary data models of statistic reports of other recognized centers in countries like Brasil, Cuba and United State of America and was made a prototype to the CIMETOX corresponding to evidences, causes and associated risk factors with acute intoxications. Results: The informational toxicology statistic integrated system created is a report toxicology consultation system and notifying cases, made by three data collecting model. One is for applying in Toxicology Center and other to Policlinic and selecting hospital like sentry sites to register and notify the cases consulted with acute intoxication. The statistic information collected in both models is included in a third statistic model. Conclusions: It was structured an informational integrated statistic system of acute intoxication from the definition of three collecting models which made the main source of database called Vigcimetox.Key words: Toxicology, system of toxic-surveillance, information, statistic, acute intoxication, Angola, database.</p

Centro de Información de Medicamentos y Toxicología (CIMETOX): Primer reporte de intoxicaciones agudas en Angola

Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE Introducción: en Angola la población se encuentra frecuentemente expuesta a diversos tipos de contaminantes tóxicos debido a la actividad minera, agropecuaria e hidrocarburífera, por mencionar solo algunos riesgos de exposición, a lo cual podemos añadir el uso de plaguicidas organoclorados en campañas antivectoriales en distintas comunidades del país, entre los que se incluye el dicloro difenil tricloroetano (DDT). No existen registros nacionales regulatorios de productos químicos. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de las intoxicaciones agudas reportadas por primera vez en Angola a partir del funcionamiento del Centro de Información de Medicamentos y Toxicología durante el 2013. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, a partir de los casos atendidos en el 2013. Se evaluó una muestra de 327 sujetos. Se clasificaron según diagnóstico clínico y se estudiaron las variables toxicoepidemiológicas recogidas en la base de datos, entre ellas: tipo de agente tóxico asociado al evento, causa de intoxicación, edad, sexo y provincia de procedencia. Los resultados se analizaron utilizando procedimientos y técnicas estadísticas. Resultados: se registraron con diagnostico clínico de intoxicación 219 personas y 108 fueron diagnosticados como reacciones adversas a medicamentos. Se observó un predominio fundamentalmente de intoxicaciones por plaguicidas (17,8 %), medicamentos (14,6 %), productos químicos (12,5%) y animales ponzoñosos (8,6%). La mayor frecuencia fue observada en el sexo femenino (60,5 %), y la clase de edad más afectada fue el comprendido entre 11-20 años (37,3 %), seguido de la clase de edad 21-40 con (34,2 %). Las provincias con mayor cantidad de llamadas fueron: Malanje (39,4 %), Kwanza Norte (22,3 %) y Luanda (18,9 %). Conclusiones: hubo un predominio de las intoxicaciones por plaguicidas, medicamentos, productos químicos y animales ponzoñosos. La mayor frecuencia de las mismas fue observada en el sexo femenino y el grupo de edad más afectado fue de 11-20 años. Palabras clave: Angola, centros de Toxicología, intoxicaciones agudas. <!--[endif] --

COVID-19 in hospitalized HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients : A matched study

CatedresObjectives: We compared the characteristics and clinical outcomes of hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 with [people with HIV (PWH)] and without (non-PWH) HIV co-infection in Spain during the first wave of the pandemic. Methods: This was a retrospective matched cohort study. People with HIV were identified by reviewing clinical records and laboratory registries of 10 922 patients in active-follow-up within the Spanish HIV Research Network (CoRIS) up to 30 June 2020. Each hospitalized PWH was matched with five non-PWH of the same age and sex randomly selected from COVID-19@Spain, a multicentre cohort of 4035 patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19. The main outcome was all-cause in-hospital mortality. Results: Forty-five PWH with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 were identified in CoRIS, 21 of whom were hospitalized. A total of 105 age/sex-matched controls were selected from the COVID-19@Spain cohort. The median age in both groups was 53 (Q1-Q3, 46-56) years, and 90.5% were men. In PWH, 19.1% were injecting drug users, 95.2% were on antiretroviral therapy, 94.4% had HIV-RNA < 50 copies/mL, and the median (Q1-Q3) CD4 count was 595 (349-798) cells/μL. No statistically significant differences were found between PWH and non-PWH in number of comorbidities, presenting signs and symptoms, laboratory parameters, radiology findings and severity scores on admission. Corticosteroids were administered to 33.3% and 27.4% of PWH and non-PWH, respectively (P = 0.580). Deaths during admission were documented in two (9.5%) PWH and 12 (11.4%) non-PWH (P = 0.800). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that well-controlled HIV infection does not modify the clinical presentation or worsen clinical outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalization

Prevalence and genotype distribution of cervical human papilomavirus infection in the pre-vaccination era: a population-based study in the Canary Islands

Objective National Spanish studies show that prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the female population is increasingly frequent, with an overall estimate of 14% in women aged 18–65 years. The objective of this study is to know the prevalence and distribution of HPV types in the female population of the Canary Islands prior to the introduction of HPV vaccines and to investigate the associated clinical and sociodemographic factors.Methods Based on the Primary Health Care database, a sample of adult women (aged 18–65 years) of Gran Canaria (GC) and Tenerife (TF) stratified into nine age groups was carried out between 2002 and 2007. Women were contacted by postal letter and telephone call and were visited in their primary care centre. A clinical-epidemiological survey was completed and cervical samples were taken for cytological study and HPV detection. HPV prevalence and its 95% CI were estimated, and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression to identify factors associated with the infection.Results 6010 women participated in the study, 3847 from GC and 2163 from TF. The overall prevalence of HPV infection was 13.6% (CI 12.8%–14.5%) and 11.1% (CI 10.3%–11.9%) for high-risk types. The most frequent HPV type was 16 followed by types 51, 53, 31, 42 and 59. HPV types included in the nonavalent vaccine were detected in 54.1% of infected women. Factors associated with an increased risk of infection were: young ages (18–29 years), the number of sexual partners throughout life, not being married, being a smoker, and having had previous cervical lesions or genital warts.Conclusions It is confirmed that prevalence of HPV infection in the female population of the Canary Islands is high, but similar to that of Spain, HPV 16 being the most frequent genotype. The determinants of infection are consistent with those of other populations

Diagnostic yield of chest and thumb ECG after cryptogenic stroke, Transient ECG Assessment in Stroke Evaluation (TEASE): an observational trial

Objective In stroke survivors, atrial fibrillation (AF) is typically evaluated solely by short-term ECG monitoring in the stroke unit. Prolonged continuous ECG monitoring or insertable cardiac monitors require substantial resources. Chest and thumb ECG could provide an alternative means of AF detection, which in turn could allow prompt anticoagulation to prevent recurrent stroke. The objective of this study was to assess the yield of newly diagnosed AF during 28 days of chest and thumb ECG monitoring two times per day in cryptogenic stroke.Methods This study, Transient ECG Assessment in Stroke Evaluation, included patients who had a stroke from Region Gävleborg, Sweden, between 2017 and 2019. Patients with a recent ischaemic stroke without documented AF (or other reasons for anticoagulation) before or during ECG evaluation in the stroke unit were evaluated using the Coala Heart Monitor connected to a smartphone application for remote monitoring.Results The prespecified number of 100 patients (mean age 67.6±10.8 years; 60% men) was analysed. In nine patients (9%, number needed to screen 11) AF but no other significant atrial arrhythmias (&gt;30 s) was diagnosed. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was similar among patients with AF and no AF (4.9±1.1 vs 4.3±1.3; p=0.224) and patients with AF were older (74.3±9.0 vs 66.9±10.8; p=0.049). Patients performed on average 90.1%±15.0% of scheduled transmissions.Conclusion In evaluation of cryptogenic stroke, 9% of patients had AF detected using chest and thumb ECG two times per day during 1 month. In many stroke survivors, this is a feasible approach and they will be potentially protected from recurrent stroke by anticoagulation treatment.Trial registration number NCT03301662

VII Jornadas de Innovación Educativa de la Universidad de La Laguna: imaginar y comprender la innovación en la Universidad

The change of structure and process of the organizations of the current society has generated a great impact in the new way of working. Work teams coordination ensures that a team functions as a unitary whole; is identified as a key process to understand work team effectiveness. This paper presents a brief introduction of the recent research on Work teams in organizations and raises relevant issues about their implications for Pedagogy studies. This paper aims, first, to analyze the potential of team based organizations. And secondly, to examine the effects in pedagogy studies. Coordination is a process that involves the use of strategies and patterns of behavior aimed to integrate actions, knowledge and goals of interdependent members. The tasks have increased its difficulty, doing that individual resolution is very difficult or impossibleUniversidad de La Lagun

Discovering HIV related information by means of association rules and machine learning

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is still one of the main health problems worldwide. It is therefore essential to keep making progress in improving the prognosis and quality of life of affected patients. One way to advance along this pathway is to uncover connections between other disorders associated with HIV/AIDS-so that they can be anticipated and possibly mitigated. We propose to achieve this by using Association Rules (ARs). They allow us to represent the dependencies between a number of diseases and other specific diseases. However, classical techniques systematically generate every AR meeting some minimal conditions on data frequency, hence generating a vast amount of uninteresting ARs, which need to be filtered out. The lack of manually annotated ARs has favored unsupervised filtering, even though they produce limited results. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised system, able to identify relevant ARs among HIV-related diseases with a minimal amount of annotated training data. Our system has been able to extract a good number of relationships between HIV-related diseases that have been previously detected in the literature but are scattered and are often little known. Furthermore, a number of plausible new relationships have shown up which deserve further investigation by qualified medical experts

How do women living with HIV experience menopause? Menopausal symptoms, anxiety and depression according to reproductive age in a multicenter cohort

CatedresBackground: To estimate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression and to assess the differences according to menopausal status among women living with HIV aged 45-60 years from the cohort of Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network (CoRIS). Methods: Women were interviewed by phone between September 2017 and December 2018 to determine whether they had experienced menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression. The Menopause Rating Scale was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of symptoms related to menopause in three subscales: somatic, psychologic and urogenital; and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire was used for anxiety/depression. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of association between menopausal status, and other potential risk factors, the presence and severity of somatic, psychological and urogenital symptoms and of anxiety/depression. Results: Of 251 women included, 137 (54.6%) were post-, 70 (27.9%) peri- and 44 (17.5%) pre-menopausal, respectively. Median age of onset menopause was 48 years (IQR 45-50). The proportions of pre-, peri- and post-menopausal women who had experienced any menopausal symptoms were 45.5%, 60.0% and 66.4%, respectively. Both peri- and post-menopause were associated with a higher likelihood of having somatic symptoms (aOR 3.01; 95% CI 1.38-6.55 and 2.63; 1.44-4.81, respectively), while post-menopause increased the likelihood of having psychological (2.16; 1.13-4.14) and urogenital symptoms (2.54; 1.42-4.85). By other hand, post-menopausal women had a statistically significant five-fold increase in the likelihood of presenting severe urogenital symptoms than pre-menopausal women (4.90; 1.74-13.84). No significant differences by menopausal status were found for anxiety/depression. Joint/muscle problems, exhaustion and sleeping disorders were the most commonly reported symptoms among all women. Differences in the prevalences of vaginal dryness (p = 0.002), joint/muscle complaints (p = 0.032), and sweating/flush (p = 0.032) were found among the three groups. Conclusions: Women living with HIV experienced a wide variety of menopausal symptoms, some of them initiated before women had any menstrual irregularity. We found a higher likelihood of somatic symptoms in peri- and post-menopausal women, while a higher likelihood of psychological and urogenital symptoms was found in post-menopausal women. Most somatic symptoms were of low or moderate severity, probably due to the good clinical and immunological situation of these women