Family values and female psychological aggression

The main objective of the current study is to determine the relationship between women’s perceptions toward Iranian family values with psychological aggression. Approach: All of the randomly selected 337 wives who suffered from level of psychological aggression were included in this study. Straus questionnaire (CTS) is the method used to measure psychological aggression. It shows a negative relationship between family values (inequality in affairs and inequality in regulation) and psychological aggression. It has also shown that there is no relationship between values of inequality in access job and inequality in political in relation to psychological aggression. Social learning theory is used in order to gain a thorough understanding of the issue. The multivariate regression analysis is utilized to answer the last objective. Results: The analysis showed that among the four predictor variables, two of which variables such as inequality in affairs and inequality in regulation were found to be significant in explaining the observed variation in psychological aggression (DV). Conclusion: Generally, the final model has explained 4% of total observed variance in psychological aggression

Externalizing behavior problem among children age four and below in Peninsular Malaysia

This paper aims to examine the rates and distribution of externalizing behaviour problems and to identify associated children and parental characteristics that affect externalizing behaviour problems among preschool children in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 174 (14.5%) out of 1198 children age four and below were conveniently selected for this study that consist of those who were in the borderline and clinical range of having externalizing behavioural problems as rated by parents using the Child Behavioural Checklist for Age 1 ½-5 (CBCL/1 ½ – 5). Descriptive statistics such as mean, t-test, ANOVA and correlation tests were applied in data analysis. Findings indicate significant differences in externalizing problem by age until age 4 and maternal education background. Results reveal a negative but non-significant correlation between externalizing problems with household income and father’s age, whilst a positive with moderate significant relationship with child age. Findings in this study provide an increased knowledge in externalizing behaviour problems and adequate evidences that early intervention or preventive measure is needed to reduce the continuity of externalizing problems into adulthood and preschool age is the best time to identify early signs of problems before they become permanent

An exploration study of effectiveness of child parent relationship therapy (CPRT) on children internalizing behavior problems

The application of positive parenting training for mothers and fathers which affects family members has received little attention and research interest in Iran. Therefore the current research is necessary. More than ever, the family today has a significant role to play in their children’s development. The major purpose of this current study is to determine the effect of child-parent relationship therapy (CPRT) on children’s internalizing symptoms (anxiety, fearfulness, depression and withdrawal). The study is an experimental research among mothers of children in primary school with internalizing behavioral problems in Tehran, Iran. Respondents comprised of 43 mothers in the experimental group and 43 other mothers in the control group who were randomly assigned. A CPRT as a training program was conducted with the experimental group over ten sessions lasting a total of two months. Instruments for data collection included the Children’s Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and one intervention in the form of CPRT, applied in the experimental stage. The results of the present study indicated that there is a significant difference in the internalizing symptoms between pre- and post-tests in the experimental group. They also demonstrated that CPRT as a treatment in the experimental group was effective and led to a significant change in maternal perspective as reflected by a decrease in the internalizing behavior problems of children [F (1, 42) = 85.62, p<.01, ηp2= .67, F=.9]. In conclusion, the mothers in this program learned reflective listening, recognizing and responding to children’s feelings, all of which in turn improved their children’s behaviour

Wives’ backgrounds, perception towards family values and physical aggression

The focus of this paper is on the relationship between backgrounds, perceptions towards family values and physical aggression among Iranian wives. The paper is based on a study carried out among 337 wives who suffered physical aggression. Physical aggression was measured using Straus Questionnaire of Conflict Tactic Scale (CTS). There was a significant relationship between duration of marriage, women age, and number of children with family values. There was no relationship between family income and women education with family values. An Independent Sample t-test was utilized to investigate the differences across the two means of groups. As the result, a significant difference was found between women employment and family values where t = 4.48, p ≤.01. An Independent Sample t-test was utilized in order to test the means of the two performances. It was found that there is no significant difference between husband employment and family values. There was no significant difference between the experiences of violence before marriage in terms of the perception towards family values. There was also no significant relationship between family values and female physical aggression

Interpersonal relationships and depression among adolescents living in Tehran's shelters

This report explores the connection between interpersonal relationships and depression among adolescents living in Tehran’s shelters. A total 103 Iranian adolescents from nine governmental shelters in Tehran, comprising 69 males and 34 females between the ages of 13 and 15 years, were included in this research. A correlational design was employed in this study and a convenience sampling method was used to select respondents. The results revealed significant negative correlations for depression and difficulties with interpersonal relationships with roommates, classmates, social workers, and guardians. The results of this study will help guardians, social workers, and psychologists to organize intervention programmes that assist with relationship formation as a means for reducing depression among adolescents in Tehran’s youth shelters

The relationship between gender, age, depression and academic achievement

Problem statement: Depression is said to have a relationship with academic achievement. Thus, the purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between age, depression and academic achievement among adolescents. Approach: The study was carried out among 400 students (200 boys and 200 girls) in the age range 15-19 years. The instrument used for data collection was the Beck Depression Inventory (21 item BDI). The analysis of data used correlation coefficient and t-test. Results: The results showed that 27.5% of the boys and 31.5% of the girls were depressed and that depression and academic achievement were significantly correlated, r = -0.22, p≤0.000. Also, based on results of the present study, age and academic achievement were significantly correlated (r = 0.23, p≤0.000). In addition there was significant difference of academic achievement between male and female, (t (1) = -5.47, p = 0.000). Conclusion/Recommendations: It is recommended that along with academic achievement, mental health be developed in school settings using support strategies such as educational guidance and counseling, teaching life skill programs and psychotherapy

Association between interpersonal relationships and depression among children living in Tehran`s shelters

The purpose of this paper was to examine the correlation between interpersonal relationship and depression among children living in Tehran’s shelters. A correlational design was employed in this study and convenience sampling method was used to select respondents. A total number of 162 Iranian children, including 101 males and 61 females between the ages 7 to 15 years old, from 9 governmental shelters in Tehran were included in this research. The results revealed a negative significant correlation between various interpersonal relationship and depression. No significant difference in depression among male and female respondents. Two kinds of interpersonal relationship variables namely, relationship with roommates and guardians were potentially related to the depression after controlling for other variables

Review on Interpersonal Relationships and Depression among Shelteras Children in Tehran/Iran

This paper aims to review interpersonal relationship and depression among children living in shelters The results revealed a negative significant correlation between various interpersonal relationship No significant difference in depression among male and female respondents The review of this study will help guardians social workers and psychologists to organize some intervention programmes so as to reduce depression among children living in Tehran s shelter

The relationship between gender, age, depression and academic achievement.

is said to have a relationship with academic achievement. Thus, the purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between age, depression and academic achievement among adolescents. Approach: The study was carried out among 400 students (200 boys and 200 girls) in the age range 15-19 years. The instrument used for data collection was the Beck Depression Inventory (21 item BDI). The analysis of data used correlation coefficient and t-test. Results: The results showed that 27.5% of the boys and 31.5% of the girls were depressed and that depression and academic achievement were significantly correlated, r = -0.22, p≤0.000. Also, based on results of the present study, age and academic achievement were significantly correlated (r = 0.23, p≤0.000). In addition there was significant difference of academic achievement between male and female, (t (1) = -5.47, p = 0.000). Conclusion/Recommendations: It is recommended that along with academic achievement, mental health be developed in school settings using support strategies such as educational guidance and counseling, teaching life skill programs and psychotherapy

Review on interpersonal relationships and depression among shelter's children in Tehran/Iran

This paper aims to review interpersonal relationship and depression among children living in shelters. The results revealed a negative significant correlation between various interpersonal relationship No significant difference in depression among male and female respondents. The review of this study will help guardians, social workers and psychologists to organize some intervention programmes so as to reduce depression among children living in Tehran’s shelters