DataSheet_1_Proteomics validate circulating GDF-15 as an independent biomarker for COVID-19 severity.docx

IntroductionGrowth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) was originally described as a stress-induced cytokine, and a biomarker of aging and cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that circulating GDF-15 would be associated with COVID-19 disease severity. Herein, we explored this hypothesis in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients.MethodsBlood samples were collected from 926 COVID-19 adult patients and from 285 hospitalized controls from the Biobanque Québécoise de la COVID-19 (BQC19). COVID-19 severity was graded according to the WHO criteria. SOMAscan proteomics assay was performed on 50µL of plasma. ELISA were performed on 46 selected participants with left-over plasma to validate differences in plasma GDF-15 levels. Statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism 9.0 and SPSS. P values ResultsProteomics showed that plasma GDF-15 levels were higher in COVID-19 patients compared to hospitalized controls. GDF-15 levels increased with COVID-19 severity. COVID-19 patients presenting with comorbidities including diabetes, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease had higher GDF-15 levels. ELISA revealed significant elevation of GDF-15 until 30 days after hospitalization. Plasma GDF-15 elevation was correlated with older age. Moreover, GDF-15 levels correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as soluble levels of its putative receptor CD48. No association was established between anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG levels and plasma GDF-15 levels.ConclusionsThis study confirms GDF-15 as a biomarker for COVID-19 severity. Clinical evaluation of GDF-15 levels could assist identification of persons at high-risk of progressing to severe disease, thus improving patient care.</p

Additional File 1:

Study Outcomes definitions. (DOCX 34 kb

Additional file 4: of The Canadian HIV and aging cohort study - determinants of increased risk of cardio-vascular diseases in HIV-infected individuals: rationale and study protocol

Detailed data collection form for the Canadian HIV and Aging Study. (PDF 830 kb

Additional File 3:

Blood tests to be drawn at each study visit. (DOCX 26 kb

Additional file 3 of The dynamic changes and sex differences of 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 in 580 individuals

Additional file 3: Protein correlation heatmaps

Additional file 1 of The dynamic changes and sex differences of 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 in 580 individuals

Additional file 1: List of immunity-related proteins measured

Additional file 6 of The dynamic changes and sex differences of 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 in 580 individuals

Additional file 6: Mount Sinai investigators

Additional file 5 of The dynamic changes and sex differences of 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 in 580 individuals

Additional file 5: Inferred protein levels over time

Additional file 4 of The dynamic changes and sex differences of 147 immune-related proteins during acute COVID-19 in 580 individuals

Additional file 4: Protein clusters

COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative. A first update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a major public health threat, especially in countries with low vaccination rates. To better understand the biological underpinnings of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity, we formed the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative1. Here we present a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of up to 125,584 cases and over 2.5 million control individuals across 60 studies from 25 countries, adding 11 genome-wide significant loci compared with those previously identified2. Genes at new loci, including SFTPD, MUC5B and ACE2, reveal compelling insights regarding disease susceptibility and severity.</p