Politicas estratégicas de innovación en los sistemas vitivinícolas locales: la denominación de origen “Rias Baixas”

Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Labor and Human Capital,

REFLEXIONES ANTROPOLÓGICAS EN TORNO A LOS SISTEMAS AGROALIMENTARIOS LOCALES: LA PROBLEMÁTICA DEL DESARROLLO ENDÓGENO EN LAS COSTAS AUSTRALES CHILENAS

Our purpose in the present work is to make a methodological contribution to enrich the SYAL concept from two points of view. Firstly, as a critical reconsideration of the theory of territorial development, and more specifically SYAL development, taking into account the fact that the local institutional framework is the result of the complex - even conflictive - interaction of economic rationales based on diverse cultural logics. Secondly, as an analysis of the strategies promoted by this type of development, identifying the endogenous components which strengthen and reinforce in local actors the ability to reflectively structure and re-structure system relationships at the territorial level. The empirical-ethnographic support for these reflections is drawn from two zones of Chile's southern coastline. The first, in the southern Aysen Region, illustrates the dilemmas and responses of local-traditional economies based on small-scale fishing in the face of the sustained growth of the captive salmon production mega-industry along a large part of the coastline. The second, in the neighbouring Los Lagos Region, reports on the strategies of traditional small-scale mussel-growers in the Reloncaví Estuary, in the context of the invasion of their economic space by multinational companies and the technification of their traditional systems.endogenous development, localised agro food system, small-scale fishing, reflection, hybridisation, subjectivity, Chile., Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Labor and Human Capital,

Politicas estratégicas de innovación en los sistemas vitivinícolas locales: la denominación de origen “Rias Baixas”

Agribusiness, Agricultural and Food Policy, Community/Rural/Urban Development, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Labor and Human Capital,

Investigación en Matemáticas, Economía, Ciencias Sociales y Agronomía

Cada trabajo del libro incluye conclusiones para los interesados en las temáticas aludidas y en ellos nos enteramos de aspectos como los siguientes: - El mayor incremento del precio de los insumos como el maíz, sorgo y en menor medida desperdicio de pan, en relación con el menor crecimiento del precio del ganado en pie, dará como consecuencia un desabasto de carne bovina. - El agua es un recurso primordial en las zonas áridas y semiáridas de México, en tanto que su aporte limita la producción de la agricultura. En este estudio se observó que el precio real del agua es muy bajo en relación a otras zonas agrícolas del mundo. - Hoy en día en el país se consumen alrededor de 718 mil barriles diarios de gasolinas, un aproximado de 113.7 millones de litros, una cantidad tan grande que nuestro país se ve en la necesidad de importar cerca del 39 % de las gasolinas que consumimos. - Los jaliscienses radicados en Estados Unidos tienen una mayor capacidad de financiamiento del bienestar en la entidad, que el propio gobierno de ese estado. - México continuará basando sus finanzas públicas y su política de desarrollo económico en la extracción de combustibles fósiles (petróleo). Este modelo acelerará el deterioro y agotamiento de los recursos naturales. -La importancia de la agricultura orgánica radica en que retoma los tres ámbitos de la sustentabilidad; el ámbito ambiental, el económico y el social. - Es fundamental motivar la organización de los productores de haba para que ellos puedan captar una mayor proporción de los altos márgenes de precios que los consumidores están dispuestos a pagar. - Las condiciones del clima afectan a la producción agraria. Debido al fenómeno de cambio climático, es necesario contar con herramientas informáticas que proporcionen información climatológica para poder tomar medidas preventivas a favor de una mayor cantidad y calidad de producción. La herramienta de software permite la consulta del clima por localidades evitando la necesidad de contar con una estación meteorológica

Omecamtiv mecarbil in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, GALACTIC‐HF: baseline characteristics and comparison with contemporary clinical trials

Aims: The safety and efficacy of the novel selective cardiac myosin activator, omecamtiv mecarbil, in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is tested in the Global Approach to Lowering Adverse Cardiac outcomes Through Improving Contractility in Heart Failure (GALACTIC‐HF) trial. Here we describe the baseline characteristics of participants in GALACTIC‐HF and how these compare with other contemporary trials. Methods and Results: Adults with established HFrEF, New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA) ≥ II, EF ≤35%, elevated natriuretic peptides and either current hospitalization for HF or history of hospitalization/ emergency department visit for HF within a year were randomized to either placebo or omecamtiv mecarbil (pharmacokinetic‐guided dosing: 25, 37.5 or 50 mg bid). 8256 patients [male (79%), non‐white (22%), mean age 65 years] were enrolled with a mean EF 27%, ischemic etiology in 54%, NYHA II 53% and III/IV 47%, and median NT‐proBNP 1971 pg/mL. HF therapies at baseline were among the most effectively employed in contemporary HF trials. GALACTIC‐HF randomized patients representative of recent HF registries and trials with substantial numbers of patients also having characteristics understudied in previous trials including more from North America (n = 1386), enrolled as inpatients (n = 2084), systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg (n = 1127), estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 (n = 528), and treated with sacubitril‐valsartan at baseline (n = 1594). Conclusions: GALACTIC‐HF enrolled a well‐treated, high‐risk population from both inpatient and outpatient settings, which will provide a definitive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this novel therapy, as well as informing its potential future implementation

REFLEXIONES ANTROPOLÓGICAS EN TORNO A LOS SISTEMAS AGROALIMENTARIOS LOCALES: LA PROBLEMÁTICA DEL DESARROLLO ENDÓGENO EN LAS COSTAS AUSTRALES CHILENAS

Our purpose in the present work is to make a methodological contribution to enrich the SYAL concept from two points of view. Firstly, as a critical reconsideration of the theory of territorial development, and more specifically SYAL development, taking into account the fact that the local institutional framework is the result of the complex - even conflictive - interaction of economic rationales based on diverse cultural logics. Secondly, as an analysis of the strategies promoted by this type of development, identifying the endogenous components which strengthen and reinforce in local actors the ability to reflectively structure and re-structure system relationships at the territorial level. The empirical-ethnographic support for these reflections is drawn from two zones of Chile's southern coastline. The first, in the southern Aysen Region, illustrates the dilemmas and responses of local-traditional economies based on small-scale fishing in the face of the sustained growth of the captive salmon production mega-industry along a large part of the coastline. The second, in the neighbouring Los Lagos Region, reports on the strategies of traditional small-scale mussel-growers in the Reloncaví Estuary, in the context of the invasion of their economic space by multinational companies and the technification of their traditional systems

Transformacion productiva, desarrollo e integracion en el sistema agroalimientario argentino frente al mercosur. (Estructura y dinamica economica)

Centro de Informacion y Documentacion Cientifica (CINDOC). C/Joaquin Costa, 22. 28002 Madrid. SPAIN / CINDOC - Centro de Informaciòn y Documentaciòn CientìficaSIGLEESSpai

America Latina y Asia Oriental El exito economico en una economia transacional

Centro de Informacion y Documentacion Cientifica (CINDOC). C/Joaquin Costa, 22. 28002 Madrid. SPAIN / CINDOC - Centro de Informaciòn y Documentaciòn CientìficaSIGLEESSpai

Cardiac myosin activation with omecamtiv mecarbil in systolic heart failure

BACKGROUND The selective cardiac myosin activator omecamtiv mecarbil has been shown to improve cardiac function in patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction. Its effect on cardiovascular outcomes is unknown. METHODS We randomly assigned 8256 patients (inpatients and outpatients) with symptomatic chronic heart failure and an ejection fraction of 35% or less to receive omecamtiv mecarbil (using pharmacokinetic-guided doses of 25 mg, 37.5 mg, or 50 mg twice daily) or placebo, in addition to standard heart-failure therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of a first heart-failure event (hospitalization or urgent visit for heart failure) or death from cardiovascular causes. RESULTS During a median of 21.8 months, a primary-outcome event occurred in 1523 of 4120 patients (37.0%) in the omecamtiv mecarbil group and in 1607 of 4112 patients (39.1%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86 to 0.99; P = 0.03). A total of 808 patients (19.6%) and 798 patients (19.4%), respectively, died from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.11). There was no significant difference between groups in the change from baseline on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom score. At week 24, the change from baseline for the median N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level was 10% lower in the omecamtiv mecarbil group than in the placebo group; the median cardiac troponin I level was 4 ng per liter higher. The frequency of cardiac ischemic and ventricular arrhythmia events was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection, those who received omecamtiv mecarbil had a lower incidence of a composite of a heart-failure event or death from cardiovascular causes than those who received placebo. (Funded by Amgen and others; GALACTIC-HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02929329; EudraCT number, 2016 -002299-28.)