Diagnóstico da zona de uso aquaviário e portuário de Itajaí – ZUAP (SC): bases para planejamento espacial marinho (PEM) local

In recent years, the installation of new enterprises in the Itajaí-Açú River outfall underwent a strong pressure due to the insertion of new shipyards and marinas, as well as port expansion on both sides of the estuary. Thus the use of the waterway and port area of Itajaí becomes more intense, therefore, this situation leads to problems and conflicts, which arise due to the inefficiency in applying public planning policies and territorial planning. Therefore, this study aims to diagnose the Port and Waterway Area of Itajaí (PWAI), in order to support integrated management. Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) emerges as an innovative tool to support management, which aims to order and zone the environment, besides seeking to understand the problems and conflicts, providing opportunities for future changes to happen in a jointly manner. The methodology is based on UNESCO's guide, which presents ten steps and constitutes an adaptive and continuous process. The adapted methodology used in this study brings a low cost approach to territorial analysis and provides the integration of intersectoral visions. PWAI is considered a shelter area for navigation which enables the development of correlated and conflicting activities. The cities surrounding the PWAI have their economic development directly related to the port sector, fishing, shipbuilding and repair industry, as well as tourism and leisure. The challenge for the successful policy in MSP within the estuary of the Itajaí-Açú river lies in the assembly of all pieces of the puzzle, bringing the reconciliation between scientific research and practical solutions. Because of the holistic approach, this diagnosis can be considered as the first step to the development of a multiple use plan in the low estuary of Itajaí-Açú river.Nos últimos anos, a instalação de novos empreendimentos na região da foz do Rio Itajaí-Açu passou por uma forte pressão devido à inserção de novos estaleiros e marinas, além da expansão portuária dos dois lados do estuário. Logo, o uso da zona aquaviária e portuária de Itajaí torna-se mais intenso, consequentemente, essa situação leva a problemas e conflitos, os quais surgem devido à ineficiente aplicação de políticas públicas de planejamento e ordenamento territorial. O presente trabalho realiza um diagnóstico da zona de uso aquaviário e portuário (ZUAP) de Itajaí, a fim subsidiar a gestão integrada local. Para isso, o Planejamento Espacial Marinho (PEM) surge como um instrumento inovador de apoio à gestão, que tem por objetivo ordenar e zonear o ambiente, além de entender os problemas e conflitos, oportunizando mudanças futuras de forma consorciada. A metodologia utilizada baseia-se no Guia da UNESCO, o qual apresenta 10 passos para execução do PEM e constitui-se num processo de natureza adaptativa e contínua. A metodologia adaptada utilizada neste estudo traz uma abordagem de análise territorial de baixo custo e proporciona a integração de visões interssetoriais. A ZUAP se constitui numa zona de abrigo à navegação, o que propicia o desenvolvimento de atividades conflituosas e relacionadas a essa característica. Os municípios que circundam a ZUAP apresentam seu desenvolvimento econômico relacionado diretamente com os setores portuários, pesqueiros, da construção e reparo naval, além do turismo e lazer. O desafio para a política bem-sucedida em PEM no âmbito do estuário do Rio Itajaí-Açú encontra-se na montagem de todas as peças do quebra-cabeça, trazendo a conciliação entre investigação científica e soluções práticas. Por se tratar de uma abordagem holística, este diagnóstico pode ser considerado como o primeiro passo para o desenvolvimento de um plano de uso múltiplo no baixo estuário do Rio Itajaí-Acú

Characterization and comparison of Brazilian and foreign leased pelagic longline fleets in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean between 2003 and 2014. How different are these fisheries?

The pelagic zone of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean is an important area for longline fisheries. Brazilian waters are strategic regions for the performance of this modality in International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas - ICCAT. In order to reach international quotas government strengthened its rent policy of foreign vessels aiming to promote technology transfer to the national fleet. Knowledge of vessel characteristics, technology used in equipment and strategies used by skippers are important for the management of this activity. The present study characterized vessels from national and foreign fleets operating out of the port of Itajaí, in the state of Santa Catarina (SC), between 2003 and 2014. Results indicate that these fleets are different in relation to size of vessels, engine power, cargo hold capacity, length of the main and branchlines, and steel wire length. Despite these differences, strategies adopted are critical to achieve better yields per trip. For the national fleet, the skills acquired to the use of equipments, in understanding the behavior of the target species, and change of fishing strategies often compensate for the lack of technology

STANDARDIZED TERMINOLOGY OF ADULT SPINE DEFORMITY FOR BRAZILIAN PORTUGUESE

Objective : To develop a consensus for translation of the most relevant terms used in the study of Adult Spinal Deformity, from their original languages into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods : A panel of 12 experts in spine surgery from the five Brazilian regions was constituted. To obtain the standardization of terminology, the Delphi method with an electronic questionnaire was administered to participants about their opinion on the translation of 13 relevant terms chosen by literature review. Each term was considered standard when there was consensus, that is, concordance higher than 80% among participants as to the suggestion to be adopted, and then on the acceptance of the term and its abbreviation in Portuguese. Results : Initially there was consensus (over 80% concordance) on the translation of seven terms in the electronic questionnaire. The other six terms that have not reached consensus were discussed at a meeting among the participants, relying on the opinion of a specialized professional in simultaneous translation of orthopedic terms in Portuguese and other professional majored in Portuguese language. It was decided how these terms should be translated and there was a consensus among all participants regarding their acceptance. Finally, there was consensus among the participants, who agreed with the translation and abbreviation of the 13 propose terms, defining its standardization for Brazilian Portuguese. Conclusion : We present a standard terminology used in the study of Adult Spinal Deformity through consensus among experts, seeking uniformity in the use of these terms in Brazilian Portuguese