Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Yield Components of Food Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Kaffa Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia

Declining soil fertility is one of the major problems causing yield reduction of barley in Southwestern Ethiopia. Therefore, field experiments were, carried out at Adiyo and Ghimbo districts, Kaffa Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia, to determine the effects of combined application of farm yard manure (FYM) and vermi compost (VC) with inorganic NP on growth, yield and yield components of food barley. The treatments included combinations of two rates (2.5 and 5 t ha-1) of FYM and two rates (2.5 and 5 t ha-1) of VC with 25%, 50% and 75% of recommended rates of inorganic NP, respectively. In addition, 100% recommended rate of inorganic NP (23 kg N ha-1 and 46 kg P2O5 ha-1) and zero rates were used for comparison. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results revealed that applying 5 t ha-1 FYM combined with 75% inorganic NP gave the highest number of productive tiller m-2 (227 and 215) and grain number spike-1 (37 and 36.7) and grain yield (3668 and 3486 kg ha-1) of barley at Adiyo and Ghimbo, respectively. The application of 5 t ha-1 FYM in combination with 75% inorganic NP has increased grain yield by 69.30% and 43.45% at Adiyo and by 66.86% and 45.49% at Ghimbo over the control and the application of 100% recommended rate of NP fertilizers, respectively. Similarly, the economic evaluation indicated that the application of 5 t ha-1 FYM + 75% inorganic NP gave the highest net return which is 15,858.50 Ethiopian Birr ha-1 at Adiyo and 13,108.00 Ethiopian Birr ha-1 at Ghimbo. Hence, it can be concluded that, the use of combined application of FYM (5 t ha-1) with 75% of recommended rates of inorganic NP in the study areas and other locations with similar agro-ecologies can significantly increase food barley yield and provide high economic return.Keywords: Farm Yard Manure; Food barley; Nitrogen; Phosphorous; Vermicompos

Pharmacy Colleges: A Highly Controversial Test

As substance abuse continues to be problematic on college campuses across the United States, pharmacy colleges in particular are faced with the challenge of deterring drug abuse among their students. Many pharmacy schools are considering the adoption of student drug -screening policies in hopes of discouraging abuse, directing impaired students to treatment, and, ultimately, protecting the public. However, these policies are being met with apprehension in regards to added costs, Fourth Amendment rights violations, and privacy concerns. Drug-screening policies continue to be an issue of deliberation for pharmacy colleges, requiring much consideration and care

Stationary two-atom entanglement induced by nonclassical two-photon correlations

A system of two two-level atoms interacting with a squeezed vacuum field can exhibit stationary entanglement associated with nonclassical two-photon correlations characteristic of the squeezed vacuum field. The amount of entanglement present in the system is quantified by the well known measure of entanglement called concurrence. We find analytical formulas describing the concurrence for two identical and nonidentical atoms and show that it is possible to obtain a large degree of steady-state entanglement in the system. Necessary conditions for the entanglement are nonclassical two-photon correlations and nonzero collective decay. It is shown that nonidentical atoms are a better source of stationary entanglement than identical atoms. We discuss the optimal physical conditions for creating entanglement in the system, in particular, it is shown that there is an optimal and rather small value of the mean photon number required for creating entanglement.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure

Pemberian Teh Kombucha Pada Air Minum Terhadap Nilai Ldl Kolesterol Dan Hdl Kolesterol Darah Ayam Broiler (Gallus SP)

The risk of consuming large quantities of food containing cholesterol has been widely known. By knowing the cholesterol content of food products, people could restrict their consumption of high cholesterol food. This study was to knew LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol of blood broiler chickens after treated with kombucha tea. This research used the CP 707 broiler strains chickens aged 1 week, treated with kombucha tea that has been fermented for 12 days at a temperature of 25oC. 20 broiler chickens devided into 4 treatment groups ( treated for 4 weeks), each group contain 5 replications. That group was : P0 as control group, drinking water without kombucha tea, P1 group with drinking water added with 10% kombucha tea, P2 group with drinking water added with 20% kombucha tea, P3 group with drinking water added with 40% kombucha tea. Variables measured were LDL cholesterol of blood chicken levels, HDL cholesterol of blood chicken levels and chicken drink consumption. Data were analyzed with Anova. The results showed that additional of kombucha tea in drinking water able to lower LDL cholesterol of blood chicken levels and able to increase HDL cholesterol of blood chicken levels significantly of broiler chickens

Exploring Cortical Attentional System by Using fMRI during a Continuous Perfomance Test

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed in eight healthy subjects to identify the localization, magnitude, and volume extent of activation in brain regions that are involved in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response during the performance of Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT). An extensive brain network was activated during the task including frontal, temporal, and occipital cortical areas and left cerebellum. The more activated cluster in terms of volume extent and magnitude was located in the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Analyzing the dynamic trend of the activation in the identified areas during the entire duration of the sustained attention test, we found a progressive decreasing of BOLD response probably due to a habituation effect without any deterioration of the performances. The observed brain network is consistent with existing models of visual object processing and attentional control and may serve as a basis for fMRI studies in clinical populations with neuropsychological deficits in Conners' CPT performance

Hematologi Kelinci (Lepus SP.) Setelah Perlakuan Implantasi Material Stainless Steel Aisi 316l Selama 2,5 Bulan

Stainless Steel AISI 316L are one of the implant material used in the manufacture of artificial hip joint. Testing the effect of prior implantation needs to be done in animal models such as rabbits before applied in the human body. Future integration of the implant in the body of an animal model takes 4-6 weeks. This study aimed to analyze the body's physiological response to the implantation of an animal model of AISI 316L Stainless Steel for 2.5 months seen from the aspect of the number of erythrocytes, leukocytes and hemoglobin animal models as part of the basic data for further research in order to figure out orthopedic implants that can be used by the body. This study compares the P0: control rabbits and Ps: rabbits given the implants Stainless Steel AISI 316L. The parameters measured were the number of erythrocytes, leukocyte count and hemoglobin levels, feed intake and body weight were analyzed by Independent Sample T test with SPSS procedures at 95% significance level. The results showed red cell count, leukocyte count and hemoglobin levels did not differ significantly (p> 0.05) between the control treatment. It can be concluded that the use of stainless steel AISI 316L for 2.5 months had no effect on animal physiology and is a material that can be used by the body

Clinical features, histopathology and differential diagnosis of sarcoidosis

Sarcoidosis is a chameleon disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the growth of non-necrotizing and non-caseating granulomas and manifesting with clinical pictures that vary on the basis of the organs that are mainly affected. Lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes are the sites that are most often involved, but virtually no organ is spared from this disease. Histopathology is distinctive but not pathognomonic, since the findings can be found also in other granulomatous disorders. The knowledge of these findings is important because it could be helpful to differentiate sarcoidosis from the other granulomatous-related diseases. This review aims at illustrating the main clinical and histopathological findings that could help clinicians in their routine clinical practice