Interventions based on PRECEDE-PROCEED for promoting safety behaviors in Primary school boys

Introduction & Objective: Pedestrian injuries are a significant source of morbidity, mortality and disability among children. Prevention of these injuries is thus a major priority for public health and requires a comprehensive approach and educational strategies. The purpose of this study was designing and evaluation of an educational program, based on the PRECEED-PROCEED model for improvement of safety behavior in primary school boys. Materials & Methods: This study is a field trial carried out in 6th areas of Tehran in 2007. Participants (n=88) were 10 – 11 year old who followed by items measuring the PRECEED-PROCEED model before and after two months of intervention. The collected data were analyzed with T test, X2 and pair T test using SPSS software. Results: After participating in educational program, significant improvements were found in knowledge, attitude, behavior, enabling and reinforcing factors of the components of PRECEEDPROCEED model. Conclusion: The findings suggest the beneficial effects of educational intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on improving the safety behavior. It can be recommended that health education plan be used on educational models

A Survey on the Effects of Hatha Yoga Training (Asana and Relaxation) on Reduction of Anxiety among the Woman of 20-49 Years Old

Abstract: Aim: This study designed and conducted with the aim of specifying the Hatha Yoga effects on anxiety reduction among the women of age 20-49 years. As mental health is an inevitable part of public health, attention to it is one of the World Health Organization (WHO) plans. The organization has been considered anxiety as the most prevalent mental disorder around the world. Since women face more anxiety than men, concentrating on the women mental health is an ever-increasing social concern. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study conducted before and after intervention. The place has been Eqbal sport complex in Tehran-district 12. Samples were selected using random method among the patients with different anxiety levels. The samples were thought Hatha Yoga including one hour Asana and half an hour relaxation at each session by an experienced trainer. The intervention was done for 3 months and three 90-min sessions each week. Data collection instruments were demographic and anxiety questionnaires distributed before and three months after the intervention. The mean score of anxiety was calculated and then the collected data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software, descriptive statistical test, pair t-test and chi square test. Results: There was a significant difference between the mean score of anxiety among the samples, before and after the intervention (p<0.05) Conclusion: Conducting cheap, simple and fun exercises of Hatha Yoga reduces anxiety among women and as a result leads to increase society mental health and perhaps population quality of life. Therefore, it seems applying such exercises can reduce anxiety, efficiently

Primary Tooth Decay Prevention Program in Children: Application of Intervention Mapping Approach

Background. As the most common diseases globally, oral and dental diseases are closely related to people's behavior. The present study is aimed at developing a program to prevent primary teeth decay in children using the intervention mapping approach. Methods. This study protocol is aimed at using the intervention mapping approach as the planning framework. The study consists of six steps of intervention mapping, including needs assessment based on the relevant literature review, development of an objectives matrix for changing people's behaviors and environmental factors, program preparation, program implementation, and program evaluation to develop a family-centered program. Results. The use of the intervention mapping approach helped us identify the outcomes and functional objectives, develop an appropriate intervention program, and evaluate the program. Conclusions. The intervention mapping approach is an appropriate guide to developing a systematic and evidence-based program

The Effects of Postpartum Home Care on Constipation and Hemorrhoids at ‎Sixty Days Postpartum

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Constipation and hemorrhoids are common problems during the postpartum period. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to diminish the deleterious effects of these complications on maternal health. In this study, we aimed to determine the efficacy of postpartum home care on the rate of constipation and hemorrhoids. METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted in two phases on 276 women, who gave birth at hospitals, affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Tehran, Iran in 2013. The subjects were divided into intervention (n=92) and control (n=184) groups. First, a model of care was designed by comparative analysis and collection of data on home care guidelines for mothers and newborns, applied in different countries. In the second stage, women received home care services, based on the proposed model (on days 3-5 and 13-15 postpartum). On the other hand, subjects in the control group did not receive any services. The rates of constipation and hemorrhoids were recorded and compared via history taking and clinical examinations by midwives on day 60 following delivery. (IRCT:2013060313565N1)   FINDINGS: The mean age of the participants was 27±5 years. Based on the evaluation of outcomes on day 60 following delivery, constipation was reported in 13% of cases in the intervention group and 26.1% of subjects in the control group (p=0.013). Moreover, hemorrhoids were reported in 12% and 9.8% of women in the intervention and control groups, respectively however, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of these complications. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, postpartum home care, complemented with physical exercise, a healthy diet, and use of laxatives in unresponsive cases to supportive treatment, could reduce constipation, whereas hemorrhoids remained unaffected.&nbsp