21,504 research outputs found
ANALISA KEANDALAN SISTEM DISTRIBUSI 20 kV PADA PENYULANG PT. PLN (PERSERO) ULP TANJUNG MENGGUNAKAN METODE SECTION TECHNIQUE-RIA
Resilience and reliability in distributing electricity is crucial and needs to always be maintained in order to meet consumer needs. Several aspects that indicate the reliability of an electricity distribution system include the continuity of the available energy supply for 24 hours accurately
In evaluating the reliability of distribution networks, several indicators are used. One of them is SAIFI (System Average Interruption Frequency index), which is used as a reliability indicator based on the number of disturbances that occur on average over 12 months.
Then, SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index) becomes an indicator that measures the duration of interruptions experienced by customers during a 12 month period. Meanwhile, CAIDI (Customer Average Interruption Duration Index) is an index that measures the average duration of disruption experienced by consumers over 12 months.
Calculation results using the SECTION TECHNIQUE-RIA method for the SLG 04 feeder, where this index value was obtained using Microsoft Excel software. SAIDI is 0.7 times/customer/year while the SAIFI index value is 1.9 hours/customer/year. Then the CAIDI index value is 1.3. The results obtained through MATLAB are the SAIDI reliability index of 0.9 times/customer/year and SAIFI of 2.0 hours/customer/year, and CAIDI 1.3 hours/customer
Peer Review Certifies Quality and Innovation in Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics.
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (CPT) is an established voice of the discipline, a trusted source of new knowledge showcasing discovery, translation, and application of novel therapeutic paradigms to advance the management of patients and populations. Identifying, evaluating, prioritizing, and disseminating the best science along the discovery-development-regulatory-utilization continuum are responsibilities shared through peer review. To enhance the uniformity of this essential component of quality assurance and innovation, and maximize the value of the journal and its contents to authors, reviewers, and the readership, we review key concepts concerning peer review as it specifically relates to CPT
Generalizing the Planck distribution
Along the lines of nonextensive statistical mechanics, based on the entropy
, and Beck-Cohen
superstatistics, we heuristically generalize Planck's statistical law for the
black-body radiation. The procedure is based on the discussion of the
differential equation (with ),
whose particular case leads to the celebrated law, as originally shown by
Planck himself in his October 1900 paper. Although the present generalization
is mathematically simple and elegant, we have unfortunately no physical
application of it at the present moment. It opens nevertheless the door to a
type of approach that might be of some interest in more complex, possibly
out-of-equilibrium, phenomena.Comment: 6 pages, including 2 figures. To appear in {\it Complexity,
Metastability and Nonextensivity}, Proc. 31st Workshop of the International
School of Solid State Physics (20-26 July 2004, Erice-Italy), eds. C. Beck,
A. Rapisarda and C. Tsallis (World Scientific, Singapore, 2005
Yeasts
Yeasts are a group of eukaryotic microfungi with a well-defined cell wall whose growth is either entirely unicellular or a combination of hyphal and unicellular reproduction. The approximately 1500 known yeast species belong to two distinct fungal phyla, the Ascomycota and the Basidiomycota. Within each these phyla, yeasts can be found in several subphyla or classes, reflecting the enormous diversity of their evolutionary origins and biochemical properties. In nature, yeasts are found mainly in association with plants or animals but are also present in soil and aquatic environments. Yeasts grow rapidly and have simple nutritional requirements, for which reason they have been used as model systems in biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology. They were the first microorganisms to be domesticated for the production of beer, bread or wine, and they continue to be used for the benefit of humanity in the production of many important health care and industrial commodities, including recombinant proteins, biopharmaceuticals, biocontrol agents and biofuels. The best-known yeast is the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which may be regarded as the world’s foremost industrial microbe
Stochastic Acceleration of He and He in Solar Flares by Parallel Propagating Plasma Waves: General Results
We study the acceleration in solar flares of He and He from a thermal
background by parallel propagating plasma waves with a general broken power-law
spectrum that takes into account the turbulence generation processes at large
scales and the thermal damping effects at small scales. The exact dispersion
relation for a cold plasma is used to describe the relevant wave modes. Because
low-energy -particles only interact with small scale waves in the
He-cyclotron branch, where the wave frequencies are below the
-particle gyro-frequency, their pitch angle averaged acceleration time
is at least one order of magnitude longer than that of He ions, which
mostly resonate with relatively higher frequency waves in the proton-cyclotron
(PC) branch. The -particle acceleration rate starts to approach that of
He beyond a few tens of keV nucleon, where -particles can
also interact with long wavelength waves in the PC branch. However, the He
acceleration rate is always smaller than that of He. Consequently, the
acceleration of He is suppressed significantly at low energies, and the
spectrum of the accelerated -particles is always softer than that of
He. The model gives reasonable account of the observed low-energy He
and He fluxes and spectra in the impulsive solar energetic particle events
observed with the {\it Advanced Composition Explorer}. We explore the model
parameter space to show how observations may be used to constrain the model.Comment: 29 pages, 11 Figures, Submitted to Ap
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