Medina et al Data Set 1

Medina et al Data Set

Medina et al Data Set 2

Medina et al Data Set

Navigating learning ecosystems: Exploring students’ use of agency in marine and environmental sciences

This case study shares feedback from program alumni who are from underrepresented groups in STEM and who participated in either an undergraduate internship program or a Bridge to Ph.D. program designed to broaden participation in the marine and environmental sciences. The internship program was hosted by a Historically Black College and University (HBCU), in partnership with local collaborators who hosted students. The Bridge to Ph.D. program was co-designed by faculty leaders from the HBCU and faculty partners at a primarily White institution (PWI) who hosted the program on their campus. Interviews were conducted one to four years after participation in one of the programs to learn whether students were still involved in the geosciences and to document the ways they used agency to navigate the marine sciences learning ecosystem. Almost all students were still engaged in the marine and environmental sciences, and all were still engaged in STEM fields. The agency included in their stories reiterates themes from the literature and demonstrates a range of successful pathways that can be encouraged and supported by those striving for inclusion in the geosciences. Results are described in relation to the importance of changing the shared social practices utilized within the geosciences to support inclusion, particularly regarding how success is defined.</p

ESM3 Bleaching "O. faveolata" transcriptome

Electronic supplementary material 3. Fasta file containing 178943 contigs that constitute the ‘Orbicella faveolata’ transcriptome

ESM2 Bleaching metatranscriptome transcriptome

Electronic supplementary material 2. Fasta file containing 442294 contigs of the assembled Orbicella faveolata metatranscriptome

Image_1_Host–symbiont plasticity in the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana: strobilation across symbiont genera.tif

IntroductionIn the upside-down jellyfish, Cassiopea xamachana (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa), the establishment of photosymbiosis with dinoflagellates (family Symbiodiniaceae) is necessary for the sessile polyp to undergo metamorphosis (strobilation) into a free-swimming adult. C. xamachana has the capacity to associate with a wide variety of dinoflagellate species and representatives of divergent genera. While some studies have looked at the successful induction of symbiosis, none to date have examined the lasting effect of diverse symbiont taxa on host survivorship and development, which is needed to assess the fitness costs of such symbioses.MethodsOur study exposes C. xamachana polyps to 22 different cultured Symbiodinaceae strains representing 13 species from 5 genera. We analyzed the time to strobilation, the number of ephyra (juvenile medusa) produced, and the proportion of ephyra that died prematurely.ResultsHere we show that C. xamachana strobilation can be induced by nearly each symbiodinacean strain we tested, with the exception of free-living species (i.e., unknown to establish symbiosis with any other marine host). Additionally, ephyrae did not display morphological variation or survivorship differences with varying symbionts. However, we observed intraspecific variation in time to induce strobilation with different cultured dinoflagellate strains.DiscussionThis work expands the known symbiont species that can form stable mutualisms with C. xamachana, primarily in the genera Symbiodinium and Breviolum. Additionally, we provide evidence of differences in ability of cultured symbiodiniaceans to establish symbiosis with a host, which suggests population-level differences in dinoflagellate cultures impact their symbiosis success. By utilizing an animal like C. xamachana with flexible symbiont uptake, we are able to explore how symbiont diversity can influence the timing and success of symbiosis-driven development.</p

ESM6 Annotations metatranscriptome

Electronic supplementary material 6. Blast results for all genes found in the Orbicella faveolata metatranscriptome

Image_2_Host–symbiont plasticity in the upside-down jellyfish Cassiopea xamachana: strobilation across symbiont genera.tif

IntroductionIn the upside-down jellyfish, Cassiopea xamachana (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa), the establishment of photosymbiosis with dinoflagellates (family Symbiodiniaceae) is necessary for the sessile polyp to undergo metamorphosis (strobilation) into a free-swimming adult. C. xamachana has the capacity to associate with a wide variety of dinoflagellate species and representatives of divergent genera. While some studies have looked at the successful induction of symbiosis, none to date have examined the lasting effect of diverse symbiont taxa on host survivorship and development, which is needed to assess the fitness costs of such symbioses.MethodsOur study exposes C. xamachana polyps to 22 different cultured Symbiodinaceae strains representing 13 species from 5 genera. We analyzed the time to strobilation, the number of ephyra (juvenile medusa) produced, and the proportion of ephyra that died prematurely.ResultsHere we show that C. xamachana strobilation can be induced by nearly each symbiodinacean strain we tested, with the exception of free-living species (i.e., unknown to establish symbiosis with any other marine host). Additionally, ephyrae did not display morphological variation or survivorship differences with varying symbionts. However, we observed intraspecific variation in time to induce strobilation with different cultured dinoflagellate strains.DiscussionThis work expands the known symbiont species that can form stable mutualisms with C. xamachana, primarily in the genera Symbiodinium and Breviolum. Additionally, we provide evidence of differences in ability of cultured symbiodiniaceans to establish symbiosis with a host, which suggests population-level differences in dinoflagellate cultures impact their symbiosis success. By utilizing an animal like C. xamachana with flexible symbiont uptake, we are able to explore how symbiont diversity can influence the timing and success of symbiosis-driven development.</p

ESM5 Bleaching "Other-eukaryotes" transcriptome

Electronic supplementary material 5. Fasta file containing 202236 contigs that constitute the ‘other-eukaryotes’ transcriptome

ESM7 Annotations of 1368 coral genes with different expression levels

Electronic supplementary material 7. List of 1368 genes from the ‘Orbicella faveolata’ transcriptome with significant differences in expression levels. Of the 1368 genes, 729 were annotated