Models for schools of public health: A scoping review and synthesis of existing evidence

The final report on 'Models for schools of public health: A scoping review and synthesis of existing evidence' produced by Steven, Lombardo and Goodall and commissioned by Public Health Gateshead is now available. To date, existing evidence regarding models (organisational, structural, managerial, administrational) for Schools of Public Health (SsPH) has not been systematically collected or synthesised. This study aims to begin to fill that gap by using a combination of rapid review and scoping review techniques to retrieve and assess existing literature to identify potential and existing models, themes and issues and where possible highlight strengths and weaknesses

The role of emotions in training and clinical supervision of professionals working in community mental health services: an exploration of the Lazarus model

Many mental health professionals trained in psychosocial interventions (PSI) do not implement their newly acquired skills with clients. One reason for this may be the role that emotions play in training and its transfer. Therefore, the Lazarus (1991) model of emotions provided the theoretical background for this study. Objectives The objectives of the research were to:1) Describe the experience of emotions in training and transfer 2) Operationalise the Lazarus model, so as to measure emotions in training 3) Test the model, through an investigation of the possible interactions between stress, coping and emotions experienced by mental health professionals in the transfer of their learning into clinical practice. Hypotheses I. Emotions play an important role in both the acquisition and the transfer of new skills in a professional setting. II. The use of coping mechanisms facilitates the process of learning new clinical skills and their transfer Methods To achieve these objectives and to test the hypotheses, different methods were used. A semi-structured interview was constructed and administered to twenty-one mental health professionals. Data were analysed using an inductive content analysis a questionnaire was then constructed and administered to 102 trainees receiving PSI training. Links between emotions, training and transfer were assessed through bivariate correlations. Lastly, a multiple baseline design was implemented; data were collected through a daily diary from 4 supervisees. The implemented intervention consisted of "revitalised clinical supervision". Data were analysed using visual inspection of graphs, and autoregression analysis

Spin bath interactions effects on the geometric phase

We calculate the geometric phase of a spin-1/2 particle coupled to an external environment comprising N spin-1/2 particle in the framework of open quantum systems. We analyze the decoherence factor and the deviation of the geometric phase under a nonunitary evolution from the one gained under an unitary one. We show the dependence upon the system's and bath's parameter and analyze the range of validity of the perturbative approximation. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Version to appear in Phys. Lett.

Zooming in on CBT supervision: a comparison of two levels of effectiveness evaluation

Clinical supervision is of growing importance professionally, but instruments to measure its effectiveness are scarce. Based on the observational instrument Teachers' PETS, two complementary levels of outcome measurement were used to analyse supervisory effectiveness, namely momentary time sampling (i.e. a micro-analysis of frequencies) and the more molar “change episodes”. Ten audio-taped sessions of routine (baseline; N = 5) and CBT supervision (N = 5; i.e. the intervention phase) were coded with both measures, to assess their relative sensitivity to this manipulation. Improved supervisee learning was detected during the intervention phase by both measures. However, a retrospective comparison between the data within these change episodes and the accompanying non-episode data indicated that the micro level of analysis provided a more sensitive measure of supervisory effectiveness. Technical and conceptual issues arise

In-Network Programmability for Next-generation Personal Cloud Service Support (INPUT)

Abstract In order to overcome the cloud service performance limits, the INPUT Project aims to go beyond the typical IaaS-based service models by moving computing and storage capabilities from the datacenters to the edge network, and consequently moving cloud services closer to the end users. This approach, which is compatible with the concept of fog computing, will exploit Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN) to support personal cloud services in a more scalable and sustainable way and with innovative added-value capabilities

Sleep and emotions: A focus on insomnia

Insomnia disorder is defined as difficulties in initiating/maintaining sleep and/or non-restorative sleep accompanied by decreased daytime functioning, persisting for at least four weeks. For many patients suffering from depression and anxiety, insomnia is a pervasive problem. Many of the aetiological theories of insomnia postulate that heightened emotional reactivity contributes to the maintenance of symptoms. This review focuses on the role of emotional reactivity in insomnia, and how the relationship between insomnia and depression and anxiety may be mediated by emotional reactivity. Furthermore, studies investigating the valence of emotions in insomnia are reviewed. Overall, there is empirical evidence that dysfunctional emotional reactivity might mediate the interaction between cognitive and autonomic hyperarousal, thus contributing to the maintenance of insomnia. Moreover, dysfunctions in sleep-wake regulating neural circuitries seem to be able to reinforce emotional disturbances. It seems plausible that dysfunctional emotional reactivity modulates the relationship between insomnia and depression and anxiety. Considering the interaction between sleep and emotional valence, poor sleep quality seems to correlate with high negative and low positive emotions, both in clinical and subclinical samples. Good sleep seems to be associated with high positive emotions, but not necessarily with low negative emotions. This review underlines the need for future research on emotions in insomnia. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Evaluating the Correlation between Overjet and Skeletal Parameters Using DVT

Aim. To evaluate the degree of correlation between a dental parameter of immediate clinical relevance (overjet) with skeletal (ANB angle) and dentoskeletal parameters such as the IMPA angle and upper incisor-bispinal angle. Materials and Methods. A sample of 42 subjects, all in complete permanent dentition and without a history of orthodontic treatment or systemic pathologies, was subdivided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 25 subjects with ANB angle 0°–4° (skeletal class I), and group 2 was made up of 17 subjects with ANB angle >4° (skeletal class II). Each subject underwent cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). For each right and left CBCT, the following parameters were measured: (1) ANB, (2) OJ (overjet), (3) IMPA angle, and (4) upper incisor-bispinal angle (U1/ANS-PNS). Results. Analysis of the entire sample revealed that both right and left overjets were correlated in a statistically significant fashion (<0.001) with ANB. No correlation between overjet and IMPA emerged, while a weak correlation between overjet and the left U1-bispinal plane was ascertained. Conclusions. Overjet may be a reliable predictor of ANB, and to a lesser extent the U1-bispinal plane, particularly in skeletal class II

Medical devices nomenclature systems: a scoping review

Inventory is a fundamental process throughout the life cycle of medical devices. The maintenance program for each piece of equipment must comply with current regulations that are constantly evolving. The need to set up an evidence based management of the inventory of thousands of medical devices hosted in the Careggi University Hospital (AOUC), in Florence (Italy), has suggested to conceive a method to group medical devices in sub-classes, in order to monitor their performances and maintenance. The starting point to reach this goal is to establish a suitable nomenclature, a complex system of rules, codes, and definitions employed by healthcare systems and organizations to identify sets of medical devices. This paper describes the literature search performed on both Ovid and Scopus databases, that made it possible to identify several classifications and nomenclatures for medical devices. On the basis of this search, only a few works fulfil the requirement of classifying medical devices for management purposes (e.g., inventories, database, and supply chains). The analysis has shown that it is possible to reduce the number of classes into macro groups when applying the Italian National Classification of Medical Devices (CND). Although the CND nomenclature shows inconsistencies for complex groups it is an effective and successful choice, in terms of efficiency and optimization, also considering that it is the basis for the European Medical Device Nomenclature (EMDN)

Il ruolo dell'arousal nell'insonnia: una rassegna della letteratura.

Tutte le attuali teorie sull’eziologia dell’insonnia riconoscono all’arousal un ruolo chiave sia come fattore predisponente, sia come fattore di mantenimento del disturbo. Nel sonno si fa riferimento a due forme di arousal: l’arousal fisiologico (autonomo e corticale) e l’arousal mentale (cognitivo ed emozionale). Gli studi classici (ad esempio, Monroe, 1967) hanno indagato in particolar modo il ruolo dell’arousal fisiologico, mentre le teorie più recenti si sono focalizzate sul ruolo dell’arousal cognitivo ed emozionale (ad esempio, Espie, 2002; Morin, 1993), considerandoli come i principali fattori di mantenimento. Anche a livello clinico, infatti, la lamentela più frequentemente riportata dai pazienti è di fare esperienza di una elevata attività cognitiva nella fase di addormentamento, spesso associata a vissuti emotivi connotati negativamente. In questa rassegna è stato esaminato il ruolo attribuito all’arousal (autonomo, corticale, cognitivo ed emozionale) dalle teorie attuali sull’eziologia dell’insonnia e le evidenze empiriche di cui disponiamo a sostegno di tale ruolo