Application of music therapy techniques in cognitive rehabilitation

Table listing the genotype fixed in both control group and desiccation group. (XLSX 2892 kb

Additional file 2: Figure S1. of Nucleotide diversity inflation as a genome-wide response to experimental lifespan extension in Drosophila melanogaster

Simulations of heterozygosity decrease under neutral evolution. (PNG 152 kb

Alignment of the random nucleotide sequences and the predicted amino acid sequence of 15 randomly chosen clones.

<p>The random nucleotide sequences of these clones were different, and 5 clones (one-third) exhibited a stop codon.</p

Recovery of BoNT/B by PEG precipitation with various concentrations of PEG at various pH values.

<p>A, NaCl concentration: 0.1 M; B, NaCl concentration: 0.3 M. Recovery was defined as the ratio of the amount of BoNT/B measured by ELISA in PEG precipitation to that in the starting material.</p

Further purification of toxins using hydrophobic interaction chromatography.

<p>Pooled fractions obtained from the Sephacryl™ S-100 size column (Fig. 4) were applied to a phenyl HP column. A, The BoNT/B complex was eluted at pH 5.8; B, the BoNT/B was purified at pH 8.0. The arrow shows the activity fraction.</p

Growth patterns of <i>C. botulinum</i> type B strain.

<p>It indicates the optical density of the cultures in three media.</p

Description of the random DNA library construct used for ribosome display.

<p>The T7 promoter is followed by a SD sequence and the 12 random peptides; this is then followed sequentially by a 10-amino-acid G/S linker, T20–V109 of pD, and a 25-amino-acid G/S linker without a stop codon. Sequences encoding RNA stem-loop structures are present at both ends.</p

Purification of the BoNT/B complex

a<p>The concentration of total BoNT/B complex was determined by a “sandwich” ELISA method using the purified BoNT/B as a standard. And the purified BoNT/B concentration was determined by BCA assay.</p>b<p>Minimum lethal dose (MLD) was defined as the minimum dose required to kill two mice as described in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0039670#s4" target="_blank">Materials and Methods</a>.</p>c<p>The purification factor was estimated by the mouse toxigenicity test of BoNT/B complex.</p

Identification of the ternary complexes formed during <i>in vitro</i> translation.

<p>Lane 1 is DL2000 DNA marker. Lane 2 is the ternary complexes that were treated with EDTA released the mRNA; the complexes were subsequently detected by RT-PCR. The RT-PCR product is indicated by an arrow. Lane 3 is the ternary complexes, which were not treated with EDTA, did not release the mRNA.</p

SDS–PAGE analysis of the purified BoNT/B.

<p>1∼3, BoNT/B after purification by hydrophobic interaction chromatography column; M, markers.</p