Telemedicine in Palliative Care: Implementation of New Technologies to Overcome Structural Challenges in the Care of Neurological Patients

Telemedicine provides a possibility to deal with the scarcity of resources and money in the health care system. Palliative care has been suggested to be appropriate for an increasing number of patients with neurodegenerative disorders, but these patients often lack care from either palliative care or neurology. Since palliative care means a multidisciplinary approach it is meaningful to use palliative care structures as a basis. There exists no systematic access to neurological expertise in an outpatient setting. A successful link of two existing resources is shown in this project connecting the Department of Neurology of an University Hospital with specialized outpatient palliative care (SPC) teams. A videocounselling system is used to provide expert care for neurological outpatients in a palliative setting. Methods: A prospective explorative single arm pilot trial was implemented to provide a mobile telesystem for 5 SPC teams. The opportunity was given to consult an expert in neuropalliative care at the specialized center in the hospital (24/7). Semistructured interviews were conducted with the physicians of the SPC teams after a trial duration of 9 months. Results: Our data provides strong evidence that the technical structure applied in this project allows a reasonable neurological examination at distance. Qualitative interviews indicate a major impact on the quality of work for the SPC teams and on the quality of care for neurological patients. Conclusion: The system proves to be useful and is well accepted by the SPC teams. It supplies a structure that can be transported to other disciplines

Telemedicine in Palliative Care: Implementation of New Technologies to Overcome Structural Challenges in the Care of Neurological Patients

Telemedicine provides a possibility to deal with the scarcity of resources and money in the health care system. Palliative care has been suggested to be appropriate for an increasing number of patients with neurodegenerative disorders, but these patients often lack care from either palliative care or neurology. Since palliative care means a multidisciplinary approach it is meaningful to use palliative care structures as a basis. There exists no systematic access to neurological expertise in an outpatient setting. A successful link of two existing resources is shown in this project connecting the Department of Neurology of an University Hospital with specialized outpatient palliative care (SPC) teams. A videocounselling system is used to provide expert care for neurological outpatients in a palliative setting.Methods: A prospective explorative single arm pilot trial was implemented to provide a mobile telesystem for 5 SPC teams. The opportunity was given to consult an expert in neuropalliative care at the specialized center in the hospital (24/7). Semistructured interviews were conducted with the physicians of the SPC teams after a trial duration of 9 months.Results: Our data provides strong evidence that the technical structure applied in this project allows a reasonable neurological examination at distance. Qualitative interviews indicate a major impact on the quality of work for the SPC teams and on the quality of care for neurological patients.Conclusion: The system proves to be useful and is well accepted by the SPC teams. It supplies a structure that can be transported to other disciplines

Erosion behaviour of the micro abrasion paste Opalustre® as a function of the application duration - an in-vitro-investigation -

In Deutschland und weltweit, werden mehr und mehr, neben einem makellosen Körper und Gesicht, auch makellose Zähne als Schönheits- und Statussymbol betont. Sogar können die kleinste Verfärbungen oder Füllungen Grund zur Besorgnis für Erwachsene, Kinder und Eltern sein. Als Therapie in der Zahnheilkunde ist verbreitet, diese Verfärbungen bzw. Flecken mit Kompositfüllungen, Veneers, Kronen oder mit abrasiven Schleifkörpern invasiv beseitigen zu können. Weniger angewendet, doch erste Wahl der Therapie sollte die minimal invasive Mikroabrasionsbehandlung sein. Dabei werden mit abrasiven und säurehaltigen Pasten die innerhalb der Oberfläche liegenden Verfärbungen beseitigt. Über die Größe des Schmelzabtrages in der zahnärztlichen Literatur findet man nur geringe metrische Angaben. Deshalb ist Ziel dieser vorliegenden Studie die Untersuchung des Schmelzsubstanzabtrages durch Mikroabrasion mit der Mikroabrasionspaste Opalustre® in den Bearbeitungszeiten von 5, 50 und 100 Sekunden, mit gleich bleibendem Anpressdruck und Umdrehungszahl und so herauszufinden, ob bei konstantem Druck und Umdrehungszahl die Größe des Abriebs mit der Behandlungszeit korreliert. Humane extrahierte Zähne dienten dabei als In-vitro-Testsystem. Die Analyse des Schmelzabtrages erfolgte an Dünnschnitten der behandelten humanen Zähne unter einem Lichtmikroskop bei 50 facher Vergrößerung. Auf die Labialflächen von 21 extrahierten und in 0,1 %-iger Thymollösung gelegten Zähnen wurde eine eingefärbte Bondingschicht mittig als Referenzfläche aufgetragen. Die in drei Versuchsgruppen aufgeteilten Zähne wurden dann mit der Mikroabrasionspaste Opalustre® für 5, 50 und 100 Sekunden bei einem Druck von etwa 200 g, bei etwa 135 U/min (Kavo-Reduzierwinkelstück, Doppelring grün 7,4:1 bei 1000 U/min) mit der Paste und dem dazugehörigen Polierkelch (Opal Cups-Bristle™) mikroabradiert. Nach Einbetten der Zahnkronen in Kunststoffblöcke wurden sie in ca. 0,7 mm (± 0,1mm) dicke Scheiben (Proben) geschnitten und unter dem Lichtmikroskop quantitativ nach dem Schmelzabtrag untersucht. Der Mittelwert des Substanzabtrages bei 5 Sekunden Bearbeitungszeit lag bei 14,80 µm, bei 50 Sekunden bei 20,86 µm und bei 100 Sekunden bei 23,74 µm. Die Ergebnisse sind signifikant. Damit wurde gezeigt, daß eine Anwendungszeit von 50 oder 100 Sekunden nicht effektiver ist als 5 Sekunden. Ein häufiger 5 Sekunden Wechsel mit wiederholt neuem Auftragen frischer Mikroabrasionspaste, entgegen der Herstellerangaben, zeigt einen effizienteren Abtrag als eine Zeitverlängerung. Für Fluorose bedingte Verfärbungen 2. Grades könnte somit in ca. 30 Sekunden mit Opalustre® (bei einer Umdrehungszahl von 135 rpm und einem Druck von 200 g) ein genügend tiefer Abtrag des betroffenen Schmelzareals (ca. 100 µm) mit dem gelieferten Kelch (OpalCups-Bristle™) stattfinden, wenn alle 5 Sekunden die Paste neu aufgetragen wird.In Germany and throughout the world dental esthetics is as important to perception of beauty as an immaculate body and face. Even the smallest discoloration or filling can be cause for concern for adults, children and parents. When dental therapy is needed common methods to treat these discolorations and/or marks include composite-fillings, veneers, or use of abrasive grinding wheels. Less applied, but first choice of the therapy should be the minimum invasive micro abrasion treatment. With abrasion and acid pastes the discolorations lying within the surface are eliminated. The present study investigates the fusion substance erosion by micro abrasion with the micro abrasion paste Opalustre®. Varying operation times of 5, 50 and 100 seconds to determine how contact pressure and number of revolutions effects the size of the abrasion and how this correlates with the treatment time. Human extracted teeth served as the in-vitro-test system. The analysis of the fusion erosion was performed on thin sections of the human teeth treated under an optical microscope with 50 times magnification. On the labial surface of 21 extracted and in 0,1% Thymol teeth were laid on a dyed bonding layer centrically as reference surface. The teeth were divided into three experimental groups and were then microabraded with the micro abrasion paste Opalustre® for 5, 50 and 100 seconds with a pressure by approximately 200 g, with approximately 135 rpm (Kavo gear reduction handpiece double ring green 7,4:1 with 1000 rpm) with the paste and the pertinent polishing cup (Opal Cups Bristle™). After embedding the tooth crowns into plastic blocks they were cut in approx. 0.7 mm (± 0,1mm) thick disks (samples) and examined under the optical microscope quantitatively after the fusion erosion. The average value of the substance erosion at 5 seconds of operating time was with 14,80 µm, at 50 seconds with 20,86 µm and at 100 seconds with 23,74 µm. The results are significant. For Fluorose would know conditioned discolorations of 2nd degree thus in approx. 30 seconds with Opalustre® (at a number of revolutions of the concerned of the fusion area by 135 rpm and a pressure of 200 g) a sufficient a deep erosion (approx. 100 µm) with the supplied cup (Opal Cups Bristle™) to take place, if every 5 seconds the paste is again laid on

Fractionated breath condensate sampling: H₂O₂concentrations of the alveolar fraction may be related to asthma control in children

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways but recent studies have shown that alveoli are also subject to pathophysiological changes. This study was undertaken to compare hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) concentrations in different parts of the lung using a new technique of fractioned breath condensate sampling.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In 52 children (9-17 years, 32 asthmatic patients, 20 controls) measurements of exhaled nitric oxide (FE_NO), lung function, H₂O₂in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and the asthma control test (ACT) were performed. Exhaled breath condensate was collected in two different fractions, representing mainly either the airways or the alveoli. H₂O₂was analysed in the airway and alveolar fractions and compared to clinical parameters.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The exhaled H₂O₂concentration was significantly higher in the airway fraction than in the alveolar fraction comparing each single pair (p = 0.003, 0.032 and 0.040 for the whole study group, the asthmatic group and the control group, respectively). Asthma control, measured by the asthma control test (ACT), correlated significantly with the H₂O₂concentrations in the alveolar fraction (r = 0.606, p = 0.004) but not with those in the airway fraction in the group of children above 12 years. FE_NOvalues and lung function parameters did not correlate to the H₂O₂concentrations of each fraction.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The new technique of fractionated H₂O₂measurement may differentiate H₂O₂concentrations in different parts of the lung in asthmatic and control children. H₂O₂concentrations of the alveolar fraction may be related to the asthma control test in children.</p

Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Research Integrity

CITATION: O’Brien, S. P., et al. 2016. Proceedings of the 4th World Conference on Research Integrity. Research Integrity and Peer Review, 1:9, doi:10.1186/s41073-016-0012-9.The original publication is available at https://researchintegrityjournal.biomedcentral.comThese Proceedings contain the abstracts of the presentations given at the 4th World Conference in concurrent sessions, partner symposia, and poster sessions. Also included are summaries of the discussions in three focus tracks, which allowed delegates to consider and work on questions about the roles of funders, institutions, and countries in improving research systems and strengthening research integrity. Videos of the plenary presentations are available at the conference website (www.wcri2015.org).https://researchintegrityjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41073-016-0012-