Verifying raytracing/Fokker-Planck lower-hybrid current drive predictions with self-consistent full-wave/Fokker-Planck simulations

Raytracing/Fokker-Planck (FP) simulations used to model lower-hybrid current drive (LHCD) often fail to reproduce experimental results, particularly when LHCD is weakly damped. A proposed reason for this discrepancy is the lack of "full-wave" effects, such as diffraction and interference, in raytracing simulations and the breakdown of raytracing approximation. Previous studies of LHCD using non-Maxwellian full-wave/FP simulations have been performed, but these simulations were not self-consistent and enforced power conservation between the FP and full-wave code using a numerical rescaling factor. Here we have created a fully-self consistent full-wave/FP model for LHCD that is automatically power conserving. This was accomplished by coupling an overhauled version of the non-Maxwellian TORLH full-wave solver and the CQL3D FP code using the Integrated Plasma Simulator. We performed converged full-wave/FP simulations of Alcator C-Mod discharges and compared them to raytracing. We found that excellent agreement in the power deposition profiles from raytracing and TORLH could be obtained, however, TORLH had somewhat lower current drive efficiency and broader power deposition profiles in some cases. This discrepancy appears to be a result of numerical limitations present in the TORLH model and a small amount of diffractional broadening of the TORLH wave spectrum. Our results suggest full-wave simulation of LHCD is likely not necessary as diffraction and interference represented only a small correction that could not account for the differences between simulations and experiment

Off Mass Shell Effects in Hadron Electric Dipole Moments

We note that off the quark mass shell the operators $(p_i+p_f)_\mu\gamma_5$ and $i\sigma_{\mu\nu}(p_i -p_f)^\nu\gamma_5$, both of which reduce to $-\vec{\sigma}\cdot\vec{E}$ in the non-relativistic limit, are no longer identical. In this paper we explore the effects of this difference in the contribution of these quark electric moments to hadronic electric moments.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure, Revtex, uses psfi

Global wave loads on a damaged ship

A computational tool was applied based on a two dimensional linear method to predict the hydrodynamic loads for damaged ships. Experimental tests on a ship model have also been carried out to predict the hydrodynamic loads in various design conditions. The results of the theoretical method and experimental tests are compared to validate the theoretical method. The extreme wave induced loads have been calculated by short term prediction. For the loads in intact condition, the prediction with duration of 20 years at sea state 5 is used, while for loads in damaged conditions the prediction in 96 hours exposure time at sea 3 is used. The maximum values of the most probable extreme amplitudes of dynamic wave induced loads in damaged conditions are much less than those in intact condition because of the reduced time. An opening could change the distribution of not only stillwater bending moment but also wave-induced bending moment. It is observed that although some cross sections are not structurally damaged, the total loads acting on these cross sections after damage may be increased dramatically compared to the original design load in intact condition

Genome of Drosophila suzukii, the spotted wing drosophila.

Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (spotted wing drosophila) has recently become a serious pest of a wide variety of fruit crops in the United States as well as in Europe, leading to substantial yearly crop losses. To enable basic and applied research of this important pest, we sequenced the D. suzukii genome to obtain a high-quality reference sequence. Here, we discuss the basic properties of the genome and transcriptome and describe patterns of genome evolution in D. suzukii and its close relatives. Our analyses and genome annotations are presented in a web portal, SpottedWingFlyBase, to facilitate public access

Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Cooling in Lattice QCD

Chiral symmetry breaking is calculated as a function of cooling in quenched lattice QCD. A non-zero signal is found for the chiral condensate beyond one hundred cooling steps, suggesting that there is chiral symmetry breaking associated with instantons. Quantitatively, the chiral condensate in cooled gauge field configurations is small compared to the value without cooling.Comment: 11 pages in REVTEX including 4 PS figures embedded using psfig.sty, uuencode

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Schottky Diodes That Use Aligned Arrays of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

We present theoretical and experimental studies of Schottky diodes that use aligned arrays of single walled carbon nanotubes. A simple physical model, taking into account the basic physics of current rectification, can adequately describe the single-tube and array devices. We show that for as grown array diodes, the rectification ratio, defined by the maximum-to-minimum-current-ratio, is low due to the presence of m-SWNT shunts. These tubes can be eliminated in a single voltage sweep resulting in a high rectification array device. Further analysis also shows that the channel resistance, and not the intrinsic nanotube diode properties, limits the rectification in devices with channel length up to ten micrometer.Comment: Nano Research, 2010, accepte

A cross validation of Consumer-Based Brand Equity (CBBE) with Private Labels in Spain

Molinillo,S., Ekinci, Y., Japutra, A. (2014)'A cross validation of Consumer-Based Brand Equity (CBBE) with Private Labels in Spain'. in Martínez-López, Gázquez-Abad, J.C. and Sethuraman, R. J.A. (eds.) Advances in National Brand and Private Label Marketing. Second International Conference, 2015. Springer Proceedings in Business and Economics, pp. 113-125In recent years a number of Consumer-Based Brand Equity (CBBE) models and measurement scales have been introduced in the branding literature. However, examinations of brand equity in Private Labels (PL) are rather limited. This study aims to compare the validity of the two prominent CBBE models those introduced by Yoo and Donthu (2001) and Nam et al. (2011). In order to test the models and make this comparison, the study collected data from 236 respondents who rated private labels in Spain. A list of 30 different fashion and sportswear PL was introduced to respondents. These brands do not make any reference to the retail store in which they are sold. Research findings suggest that the extended CBBE model introduced by Nam et al. (2011) and Ciftci et al. (2014) is more reliable and valid than Yoo and Donthu’s model for assessing PL. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications are discussed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Exclusive diffractive processes and the quark substructure of mesons

Exclusive diffractive processes on the nucleon are investigated within a model in which the quark-nucleon interaction is mediated by Pomeron exchange and the quark substructure of mesons is described within a framework based on the Dyson-Schwinger equations of QCD. The model quark-nucleon interaction has four parameters which are completely determined by high-energy $\pi N$ and $K N$ elastic scattering data. The model is then used to predict vector-meson electroproduction observables. The obtained $\rho$- and $\phi$-meson electroproduction cross sections are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The predicted $q^2$ dependence of $J/\psi$-meson electroproduction also agrees with experimental data. It is shown that confined-quark dynamics play a central role in determining the behavior of the diffractive, vector-meson electroproduction cross section. In particular, the onset of the asymptotic $1/q^4$ behavior of the cross section is determined by a momentum scale that is set by the current-quark masses of the quark and antiquark inside the vector meson. This is the origin of the striking differences between the $q^2$ dependence of $\rho$-, $\phi$- and $J/\psi$-meson electroproduction cross sections observed in recent experiments.Comment: 53 pages, 23 figures, revtex and epsfig. Minor additions to tex

Geometrical structure effect on localization length of carbon nanotubes

The localization length and density of states of carbon nanotubes are evaluated within the tight-binding approximation. By comparison with the corresponding results for the square lattice tubes, it is found that the hexagonal structure affects strongly the behaviors of the density of states and localization lengths of carbon nanotubes.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, revised version to appear in Chin. Phys. Lett. The title is changed. Some arguments are adde

Full capacitance-matrix effects in driven Josephson-junction arrays

We study the dynamic response to external currents of periodic arrays of Josephson junctions, in a resistively capacitively shunted junction (RCSJ) model, including full capacitance-matrix effects}. We define and study three different models of the capacitance matrix $C_{\vec{r},\vec{r}'}$: Model A includes only mutual capacitances; Model B includes mutual and self capacitances, leading to exponential screening of the electrostatic fields; Model C includes a dense matrix $C_{\vec{r},\vec{r}'}$ that is constructed approximately from superposition of an exact analytic solution for the capacitance between two disks of finite radius and thickness. In the latter case the electrostatic fields decay algebraically. For comparison, we have also evaluated the full capacitance matrix using the MIT fastcap algorithm, good for small lattices, as well as a corresponding continuum effective-medium analytic evaluation of a finite voltage disk inside a zero-potential plane. In all cases the effective $C_{\vec{r},\vec{r}'}$ decays algebraically with distance, with different powers. We have then calculated current voltage characteristics for DC+AC currents for all models. We find that there are novel giant capacitive fractional steps in the I-V's for Models B and C, strongly dependent on the amount of screening involved. We find that these fractional steps are quantized in units inversely proportional to the lattice sizes and depend on the properties of $C_{\vec{r},\vec{r}'}$. We also show that the capacitive steps are not related to vortex oscillations but to localized screened phase-locking of a few rows in the lattice. The possible experimental relevance of these results is also discussed.Comment: 12 pages 18 Postscript figures, REVTEX style. Paper to appear in July 1, Vol. 58, Phys. Rev. B 1998 All PS figures include