Issues in Treating Determinologized L Lexemes in the eSSKJ General Explanatory Dictionary of Slovenian

This paper presents the treatment of determinologized lexemes in the most recent growing monolingual general explanatory dictionary for Slovenian—Slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika, 3. izdaja (Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language, 3rd Edition), or eSSKJ—while also drawing attention to conceptual differences in the understanding of the status of this vocabulary compared to previous editions of the dictionary (SSKJ and SSKJ2) and according to the treatment of terminology in the terminological dictionaries of the ZRC SAZU Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language. It focuses on specific lexicographic issues that arise due to determinologization when dealing with this relatively extensive and hybrid segment of vocabulary in eSSKJ, addressing it from two points of view. It draws attention to the issues that editors face due to lexicographic requirements. At the same time, it presents issues and reservations external terminology consultants have as experts in individual subject fields when reviewing dictionary entries for determinologized vocabulary. Due to the specific nature of the work, both types of issues sometimes overlap

Creating XML Schemas for Lexicographical Projects: the Case of the Dictionary of the Slovene Literary Language of the 16th Century

The article discusses the strategies applied for creating XML Schemas in dictionary projects, based on experience gained during creation of the schema of the Dictionary of the Slovene Literary Language of the 16th Century, and it explains how the different possibilities of the construction of XML Schemas influence the lexicographical work and the subsequent use of the dictionary. Three general aspects to be considered in designing schemas for dictionary projects are described in the article: the content aspect, the practical aspect, and the technical aspect. On this basis, the decision on the formal description method of the structure in a given schema definition language is made and justified

Multi-Word Lexical Units in General Monolingual Explanatory Dictionaries of Slavic Languages

In the article, the typology and the macro- and microstructure positioning of multi- word lexical units in general monolingual explanatory dictionaries of five Slavic languages (Slovenian, Croatian, Slovak, Polish and Russian) are analysed. The research showed that MLUs in these dictionaries are most commonly treated on the microstructural level (with the exception of the newest general monolingual explanatory dictionary of Polish language), where typologically comparable or similar MLUs are treated in various microstructural sections, most commonly among dictionary examples and in various types of MLU sections. The differences in the treatment of MLUs can arise also from the specifics of the medium in which a dictionary was first published. The dictionaries built primarily for web and other digital environments are based on structured machine readable databases, therefore the MLUs are regarded as equivalent to single-word lexical units in the sense that they require as systematic and comprehensive a dictionary description as single-word lexical units. Consequently, the same types of data are normally afforded to these units. At the same time, such a shift in the treatment of MLUs can also be attributed to the development of lexicology, lexicography and meta-lexicography. In the newest dictionaries, the treatment of MLUs is influenced also by the research on user perspective and the possibility to incorporate a dictionary into language portals, while the comprehensive treatment of MLUs is motivated also by the potential of the dictionary data for the linguistic research, and the development of language technologies and natural language processing. With regard to the findings about the typology and positioning of MLUs in these dictionaries, the article also focuses on the treatment of MLUs in eSSKJ: The Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language, 3rd edition, the new monolingual general explanatory dictionary of the Slovenian language. In this dictionary, MLUs are treated in a similar way to single-word lexical units and are given relative autonomy in the dictionary structure

Gender in Slovenian Monolingual General Explanatory Dictionaries

In this paper, we focus on gender as a grammatical and social category in Slovenian monolingual general explana tory dictionaries and explain how the category of gender influences the selection and presentation of data included in Slovenian explanatory dictionaries, as well as their structuring at macro- and microstructural levels. We focus on the analysis of the changes that have occurred in dictionary description at the beginning of the 21st century due to the growing awareness of gender-sensitive language use, and point out some of the editorial dilemmas related to the category of gender that we face in the preparation of the eSSKJ: Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language, Third Edition

The Usage and Standardization of Feminatives in Slovenian Language – An Analysis of User Dilemmas

This article discusses dilemmas that have been sent to the Language Consulting Service of the ZRC SAZU Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language by users and are related to feminatives in Slovenian, also shedding light on these dilemmas from the perspective of wider societal developments. Most dilemmas are connected to feminatives that are not included in dictionaries or are unfamiliar, but dilemmas often also arise when multiple feminatives are included in dictionaries or viable in terms of word formation. Though the Language Consulting Service is integrated into the search system of the Fran dictionary portal, the feminatives considered, which were not yet included in dictionaries when the corresponding questions were submitted, are at the time of writing still not included, which leads us to the question of a systematic treatment and dictionary presentation especially for feminatives that are uncommon in usage, which are most frequently the subjects of dilemmas in the Language Consulting Service

The New Dictionary of the Slovenian Literary Language: the main conceptual features

Prispevek predstavlja novi slovar slovenskega knjižnega jezika, temeljni enojezični informativno-normativni razlagalni slovar slovenskega jezika srednjega obsega, ki nastaja na Inštitutu za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša Znanstvenoraziskovalnega centra Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti. Članek prinaša shematičen opis temeljnih konceptualnih izhodišč slovarja in prikazuje glavne značilnosti njegove makro- ter mikrostrukture, in sicer zlasti z vidika odstopov od uveljavljene slovenske splošnoslovaropisne tradicije.The paper presents the third edition of the Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language, a completely new medium-sized general monolingual explanatory dictionary of the Slovenian language, which is being compiled at the Fran Ramovš Institute of the Slovenian Language of the Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. The article presents a schematic description of the basic conceptual features of the dictionary and the main features of its macro and microstructure, especially in the light of changes in the established Slovenian lexicographic tradition

Uporaba XML-formata v leksikografiji na primeru oblikovanja XML-sheme za Slovar sinonimov slovenskega jezika

This article explains why XML format has become established as the standard format for multilevel hierarchical structuring of linguistic databases and how an XML Schema can be used to manage the formal structure and content of elements in a dictionary database. Various aspects that must be taken into account when structuring complex dictionary databases in XML format are presented: the lexicographic or content aspect, the practical aspect, and the technical aspect. Decision-making is illustrated with the example of designing an XML Schema for the Dictionary of Slovenian Synonyms.Prispevek pojasnjuje, zakaj se je XML-format uveljavil kot standardni format za večnivojsko hierarhično strukturiranje jezikovnih podatkovnih zbirk in kako se s pomočjo XML-sheme nadzoruje formalna struktura in vsebina elementov v slovarski podatkovni zbirki. Prikazani so različni vidiki – tj. leksikografski oz. vsebinski vidik, praktični vidik ter tehnični vidik –, ki jih je pri strukturiranju kompleksnejših slovarskih podatkovnih zbirk v XML-formatu smiselno upoštevati. Sprejemanje odločitev je ponazorjeno s primerom oblikovanja XML-sheme za Slovar sinonimov slovenskega jezika

Multi-word Lexical Units in General Monolingual Explanatory Dictionaries of Slavic languages

In the article, the typology and the macro- and microstructure positioning of multi- word lexical units in general monolingual explanatory dictionaries of five Slavic languages (Slovenian, Croatian, Slovak, Polish and Russian) are analysed. The research showed that MLUs in these dictionaries are most commonly treated on the microstructural level (with the exception of the newest general monolingual explanatory dictionary of Polish language), where typologically comparable or similar MLUs are treated in various microstructural sections, most commonly among dictionary examples and in various types of MLU sections. The differences in the treatment of MLUs can arise also from the specifics of the medium in which a dictionary was first published. The dictionaries built primarily for web and other digital environments are based on structured machine readable databases, therefore the MLUs are regarded as equivalent to single-word lexical units in the sense that they require as systematic and comprehensive a dictionary description as single-word lexical units. Consequently, the same types of data are normally afforded to these units. At the same time, such a shift in the treatment of MLUs can also be attributed to the development of lexicology, lexicography and meta-lexicography. In the newest dictionaries, the treatment of MLUs is influenced also by the research on user perspective and the possibility to incorporate a dictionary into language portals, while the comprehensive treatment of MLUs is motivated also by the potential of the dictionary data for the linguistic research, and the development of language technologies and natural language processing. With regard to the findings about the typology and positioning of MLUs in these dictionaries, the article also focuses on the treatment of MLUs in eSSKJ: The Dictionary of the Slovenian Standard Language, 3rd edition, the new monolingual general explanatory dictionary of the Slovenian language. In this dictionary, MLUs are treated in a similar way to single-word lexical units and are given relative autonomy in the dictionary structure

Presenting and Linking Grammatical Data on the Franček Educational Language Portal

This article presents how grammatical data are treated and presented in the first specialized lexicographic and grammatical learning e-tool for Slovenian, the Franček portal, and how these data are linked across the portal’s dictionary, advisory, and teaching components. By displaying grammatical material in an innovative manner and linking it effectively, this interactive portal—which offers reliable content and is designed following modern educational principles—is intended to contribute to motivating students to learn grammatical material. The article also draws attention to the fact that effectively linking grammatical data on the portal can play an important role in the development of language teaching and influence the methodology of language resource design

The linguistic landscape in Slovenia and current legislative provisions: Use of Slovenian in naming companies, legal entities, and natural persons operating registered businesses (a sociolinguistic perspective)

V prispevku ugotavljamo, kako določbe veljavne zakonske ureditve urejajo slovensko je‑ zikovno krajino. Omejujemo se na problematiko rabe slovenščine pri izbiri firm oz. imen pravnih oseb zasebnega prava ter fizičnih oseb, ki opravljajo registrirano dejavnost. Pri‑spevek opozarja, da relevantna zakonska določila niso povsem usklajena, problematizira vprašanje razmejevanja med slovenskimi in neslovenskimi firmami oz. imeni in orisuje stališča uporabnikov do zakonskih določb – gledano skozi prizmo vpliva zakonodaje na podobo jezikovne krajine.This article assesses the ways current legislative provisions are affecting the Slovenian linguistic landscape. The authors focus on issues concerning the use of Slovenian in the naming of companies, legal entities, and natural persons operating registered businesses. It is pointed out that the relevant provisions are not necessarily in accordance with each other. Issues concerning defining Slovenian versus non‑Slovenian are discussed, as well as users’ attitudes toward the provisions—all as seen through the prism of the legislation’s influence on the linguistic landscape