Examining the impact of climate related policy changes and intergovernmental climate conferences on the returns of high esg rates equities in the Usa and Europe

This paper aims to establish the relationship between climate-related policy changes and global climate conferences in Europe and the United States (U.S.) with the returns of high ESG-rated stocks in both respective markets. A set of regression analyses based on the Fama French three-factor model were employed to inform the paper's conclusions. This paper suggests that climate change will cause a fundamental shift in the flow of capital in financial markets. The findings of this research suggest that in Europe, contrary to intuitive expectations, climate policy has not positively affected the returns of high ESG-rated stocks. Surprisingly, the opposite relationship was discovered in the United States (U.S.) analysis for the period analysed. However, further analysis has suggested that the effect of climate policy in the U.S. may be very dependent on the administration in control. The implications of these findings guide policymakers and investors alike on how climate change will affect financial markets in the future whilst also showing the limitations to current climate regulation in both the U.S. and Europ

CONTENT RELEVANCE CENTRIC THEORY: AN INVESTIGATION OF CONTENT RELEVANCE\u27S ABILITY TO PREDICT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN A TRAINING ENVIRONMENT

After three decades of research, instructional communication scholars find themselves facing several key challenges. These range from an overemphasis in past studies on variable-analytic, atheoretical research to a lack of connection to learning outcomes. Many in the field contend that the time has come for instructional communication researchers to define instructional communication theories, test hypotheses, tie research efforts to learning outcomes, and clarify key terms. The present study addressed these shortcomings by proposing the Content Relevance Centric Theory and testing related hypotheses. The research occurred in a professional training environment and involved the use of a modified content relevance instrument that assessed both teacher communication characteristics and message content relevance. The study gathered data from 247 trainees. Results indicate the importance of the construct as a predictor of trainee behavioral intentions both directly and when mediated by both trainee state motivation and trainer credibility. Study outcomes also question the role of trainee engagement in learning and the connection between behavioral intentions and learning application

The fundamentals: understanding the climate change crisis

This is the first of a series of nine commentaries, each of which is designed to stand alone but when read as a whole provide a broad overview of the status of the intersection between digestive health and climate change. The nine commentaries encapsulate a 9-webinar open-access climate course hosted by the World Gastroenterology Organisation March–June 2023

Examining monetary policy transmission in the People's Republic of China – structural change models with a Monetary Policy Index

The financial support of the Irish Research Council and The Paul Tansey Economics Postgraduate Research Scholarship is greatly appreciated.This paper estimates augmented versions of the Investment–Saving curve for the People's Republic of China in an attempt to examine the relationship between monetary policy and the real economy. It endeavors to account for any structural break, nonlinearity, or asymmetry in the transmission process by estimating a breakpoint model and a Markov switching model. The Investment–Saving curve equations are estimated using a Monetary Policy Index, which has been calculated using the Kalman filter. This index will account for the various monetary policy tools, both quantitative and qualitative, that the People's Bank of China has used over the period 1991–2014. The results of this paper suggest that monetary policy has an asymmetric affect depending on the level of output in relation to potential, and that the People's Republic of China's exchange rate policy has restricted the effectiveness of the People's Bank of China's monetary policy response.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Examining monetary policy reaction in the People’s Republic of China – a Markov switching policy index approach

The authors are grateful for the financial support from the Irish Research Council (IRC) and The Paul Tansey Postgraduate Research Scholarship in Economics.This paper estimates a monetary policy rule for the People’s Republic of China (PRC) using a standard OLS estimation and a Markov switching model. As the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) generally uses a battery of instruments in the conduct of its monetary policy, these models are estimated using a constructed monetary policy index (MPI) in place of the traditional interest rate. This allows for a better understanding of the role the PBOC has played in the PRC’s unprecedented economic growth and its relatively low inflation over the last twenty years. This paper will not only examine the unique characteristics of Chinese monetary policy but may also give a more general insight into the dynamics of monetary policy reactions in other emerging markets and economies in transition.PostprintPeer reviewe

Alpha Errors, Beta Errors and Negative Trials

Reports of negative trials arc increasing in number as standard therapy for many gastrointestinal diseases is refined. The validity of a negative report depends on the number of patients in the trial, the alpha and bern error and the difference in efficacy which the trial is able to detect. The relationship between these parameters is discussed and a formula given for the calculation of trial size. All reports of negative trials should include not only the number of patients involved and the level of significance of the results but also the beta error and the detectable difference in efficacy of the treatments

Canadian Association of Gastroenterology Launches Human Resource Planning Initiatives

In 2002, the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG) conducted a survey of the membership, the results of which were reviewed and developed by the Past Presidents' Council into a long term strategic plan. Survey findings and the resulting strategic plan were published earlier this year in The Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and can be reviewed on the CAG Web site at http://www.pulsus.com/Gastro/18_01/Pdf/newe_ed.pdf and http://www.pulsus.com/Gastro/18_02/Pdf/newe_ed.pdf. Members repeatedly noted the importance of collecting statistics on gastroenterology in Canada and addressing human resource issues