Глубокая доочистка техногенных растворов от ионов никеля (II) модифицированными алюмосиликатами

There studied an adsorption method for purifying technological solutions of nickel (II) ions modified aluminosilicates. The obtained adsorption isotherms. Experimental data were processed using the models of Langmuir, Freundlich, BET and Dubinin-Radushkevich. Defined constants for these equations. It is shown that the adsorption on aluminosilicates modified poly-1-vinylimidazole best describes the model of Freundlich the adsorption on aluminosilicates modified poly-4- vinylpyridine – Langmuir. The model of Dubinin-Radushkevich is used to calculate the free energy of adsorption. For all modified aluminosilicates, the value of free energy of adsorption, indicates an ion exchange mechanism, and fixation the ions of Nickel (II) has a chemical natureИзучен адсорбционный способ очистки техногенных растворов от ионов никеля (II) модифицированными алюмосиликатами. Получены изотермы адсорбции. Экспериментальные данные обработаны с применением моделей Ленгмюра, Фрейндлиха, БЭТ и Дубинина- Радушкевича. Определены константы этих уравнений. Показано, что адсорбцию на алюмосиликатах, модифицированных поли-1-винилимидазолом, наилучшим образом описывает модель адсорбции Фрейндлиха, на алюмосиликатах, модифицированных поли- 4-винилпиридином – Ленгмюра. Модель Дубинина-Радушкевича использована для расчета свободной энергии адсорбции. Для всех модифицированных алюмосиликатов значение свободной энергии адсорбции указывают на ионообменный механизм, а закрепление ионов никеля (II) имеет химическую природ

Глубокая доочистка техногенных растворов от ионов никеля (II) модифицированными алюмосиликатами

There studied an adsorption method for purifying technological solutions of nickel (II) ions modified aluminosilicates. The obtained adsorption isotherms. Experimental data were processed using the models of Langmuir, Freundlich, BET and Dubinin-Radushkevich. Defined constants for these equations. It is shown that the adsorption on aluminosilicates modified poly-1-vinylimidazole best describes the model of Freundlich the adsorption on aluminosilicates modified poly-4- vinylpyridine – Langmuir. The model of Dubinin-Radushkevich is used to calculate the free energy of adsorption. For all modified aluminosilicates, the value of free energy of adsorption, indicates an ion exchange mechanism, and fixation the ions of Nickel (II) has a chemical natureИзучен адсорбционный способ очистки техногенных растворов от ионов никеля (II) модифицированными алюмосиликатами. Получены изотермы адсорбции. Экспериментальные данные обработаны с применением моделей Ленгмюра, Фрейндлиха, БЭТ и Дубинина- Радушкевича. Определены константы этих уравнений. Показано, что адсорбцию на алюмосиликатах, модифицированных поли-1-винилимидазолом, наилучшим образом описывает модель адсорбции Фрейндлиха, на алюмосиликатах, модифицированных поли- 4-винилпиридином – Ленгмюра. Модель Дубинина-Радушкевича использована для расчета свободной энергии адсорбции. Для всех модифицированных алюмосиликатов значение свободной энергии адсорбции указывают на ионообменный механизм, а закрепление ионов никеля (II) имеет химическую природ

Two Isoforms of Drosophila TRF2 Are Involved in Embryonic Development, Premeiotic Chromatin Condensation, and Proper Differentiation of Germ Cells of Both Sexes

The Drosophila TATA box-binding protein (TBP)-related factor 2 (TRF2 or TLF) was shown to control a subset of genes different from that controlled by TBP. Here, we have investigated the structure and functions of the trf2 gene. We demonstrate that it encodes two protein isoforms: the previously described 75-kDa TRF2 and a newly identified 175-kDa version in which the same sequence is preceded by a long N-terminal domain with coiled-coil motifs. Chromatography of Drosophila embryo extracts revealed that the long TRF2 is part of a multiprotein complex also containing ISWI. Both TRF2 forms are detected at the same sites on polytene chromosomes and have the same expression patterns, suggesting that they fulfill similar functions. A study of the manifestations of the trf2 mutation suggests an essential role of TRF2 during embryonic Drosophila development. The trf2 gene is strongly expressed in germ line cells of adult flies. High levels of TRF2 are found in nuclei of primary spermatocytes and trophocytes with intense transcription. In ovaries, TRF2 is present both in actively transcribing nurse cells and in the transcriptionally inactive oocyte nuclei. Moreover, TRF2 is essential for premeiotic chromatin condensation and proper differentiation of germ cells of both sexes

Alterations in B Cell and Follicular T-Helper Cell Subsets in Patients with Acute COVID-19 and COVID-19 Convalescents

Background. Humoral immunity requires interaction between B cell and T follicular helper cells (Tfh) to produce effective immune response, but the data regarding a role of B cells and Tfh in SARS-CoV-2 defense are still sparse. Methods. Blood samples from patients with acute COVID-19 (n = 64), convalescents patients who had specific IgG to SARS-CoV-2 N-protein (n = 55), and healthy donors with no detectable antibodies to any SARS-CoV-2 proteins (HC, n = 44) were analyses by multicolor flow cytometry. Results. Patients with acute COVID-19 showed decreased levels of memory B cells subsets and increased proportion plasma cell precursors compared to HC and COVID-19 convalescent patients, whereas for the latter the elevated numbers of virgin naïve, Bm2′ and “Bm3+Bm4” was found if compared with HC. During acute COVID-19 CXCR3+CCR6− Tfh1-like cells were decreased and the levels of CXCR3−CCR6+ Tfh17-like were increased then in HC and convalescent patients. Finally, COVID-19 convalescent patients had increased levels of Tfh2-, Tfh17- and DP Tfh-like cells while comparing their amount with HC. Conclusions. Our data indicate that COVID-19 can impact the humoral immunity in the long-term

Heterogenous CD8+ T Cell Maturation and ‘Polarization’ in Acute and Convalescent COVID-19 Patients

Background. The adaptive antiviral immune response requires interaction between CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, and Th1 cells for controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the data regarding the role of CD8+ T cells in the acute phase of COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 syndrome are still limited. Methods.. Peripheral blood samples collected from patients with acute COVID-19 (n = 71), convalescent subjects bearing serum SARS-CoV-2 N-protein-specific IgG antibodies (n = 51), and healthy volunteers with no detectable antibodies to any SARS-CoV-2 proteins (HC, n = 46) were analyzed using 10-color flow cytometry. Results. Patients with acute COVID-19 vs. HC and COVID-19 convalescents showed decreased absolute numbers of CD8+ T cells, whereas the frequency of CM and TEMRA CD8+ T cells in acute COVID-19 vs. HC was elevated. COVID-19 convalescents vs. HC had increased naïve and CM cells, whereas TEMRA cells were decreased compared to HC. Cell-surface CD57 was highly expressed by the majority of CD8+ T cells subsets during acute COVID-19, but convalescents had increased CD57 on ‘naïve’, CM, EM4, and pE1 2–3 months post-symptom onset. CXCR5 expression was altered in acute and convalescent COVID-19 subjects, whereas the frequencies of CXCR3+ and CCR4+ cells were decreased in both patient groups vs. HC. COVID-19 convalescents had increased CCR6-expressing CD8+ T cells. Moreover, CXCR3+CCR6- Tc1 cells were decreased in patients with acute COVID-19 and COVID-19 convalescents, whereas Tc2 and Tc17 levels were increased compared to HC. Finally, IL-27 negatively correlated with the CCR6+ cells in acute COVID-19 patients. Conclusions. We described an abnormal CD8+ T cell profile in COVID-19 convalescents, which resulted in lower frequencies of effector subsets (TEMRA and Tc1), higher senescent state (upregulated CD57 on ‘naïve’ and memory cells), and higher frequencies of CD8+ T cell subsets expressing lung tissue and mucosal tissue homing molecules (Tc2, Tc17, and Tc17.1). Thus, our data indicate that COVID-19 can impact the long-term CD8+ T cell immune response

Effectiveness and safety of empegfilgrastim (Extimia®) in patients with solid tumors receiving cytotoxic therapy: final results of the DEFENDOR study

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Extimia® (empegfilgrastim, JSC "BIOCAD") in reducing the frequency, duration of neutropenia, the incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN) and infections caused by FN in patients with solid tumors receiving myelosuppressive therapy. Materials and methods. The paper presents the final results of a multicenter prospective observational post-marketing study of the safety and effectiveness of Extimia® (empegfilgrastim) in patients with solid tumors receiving cytotoxic therapy. For the primary prevention of FN, all patients received empegfilgrastim at 7.5 mg subcutaneously once per course of chemotherapy (CT) 24 hours after the end of CT administration. The primary endpoint included an assessment of the relative dose-intensity (RDI) of the CT courses administered. The endpoints of interest included the assessment of the RDI of CT courses by nosology and CT regimen, the frequency of dose-limiting neutropenia, and the incidence of all adverse events (AEs) in patients who received at least one dose of the study medication, including serious AEs. Results. From February 2021 to December 2022, 3218 patients with various malignancies were included in 41 study centers of the Russian Fede- ration. Of these, 3217 (99.97%) patients received at least one dose of the study drug, and 2663 (82.8%) patients were included in the RDI evaluation population according to the study protocol. The mean age in this group was 56.9 (18–84) years. RDI ≥85% was achieved in 2,415 (90.7%) patients. The mean RDI was 96.2%, with a median of 100%. FN risk factors were present in 1216 (45.7%) patients, with age ≥65 years being the most common risk factor at 761/2663 (28.6%). It should be noted that in patients younger than 65 years, the RDI was 91.5%, and in elderly patients (≥65 years) 88.7%. Dose-limiting neutropenia was reported in 19 (0.7%) patients. There were 74 cases of grade 3–4 AEs (according to CTCAE v.5) in 59 (1.8%) patients. The most common were neutropenia, anemia, and diarrhea in 19 (0.7%), 7 (0.2%), and 6 (0.2%) patients, respectively. Serious AEs were reported in 17 patients (0.5%). Conclusion. Primary prophylaxis of FN with long-acting granulocyte colony-stimulating factor empegfilgrastim effectively maintains RDI in various nosological and therapeutic groups of patients with different CT regimens in real-world clinical practice