Consumer understanding of nutrition and health claims: sources of evidence

Provided that they are scientifically substantiated, nutrition and health (NH) claims linked to food products can help consumers make well-informed food choices. The new European legislation on NH claims made on foods entered into force on 19 January 2007. The law sets out conditions for their use, establishes a system for their scientific evaluation, and will create European lists of authorised claims. An important aspect of this proposed legislation is that it states, in article 5.2, ‘the use of nutrition and health claims shall only be permitted if the average consumer can be expected to understand the beneficial effects expressed in the claim'. The present review examines consumer understanding of NH claims from a consumer science perspective. It focuses on the type of data and information that could be needed to provide evidence that the average consumer adequately understands a particular NH claim. After exploring several different methodologies, it proposes a case-specific approach using a stepwise procedure for assessing consumer understanding of a NH clai

Influence of early weaning practices on acceptance of vegetables in 15 months and 3-4 year-old children

International audienc

Moving beyond ‘Homo Economicus’ into spaces for kindness in Higher Education: The critical corridor talk of informal higher education leadership

Dialogic spaces for kindness in higher education, located in the ‘critical corridor talk’ (CCT) of informal leaders positioned quietly in the background in many universities, are a form of moral resistance in an era excessively dominated by the values of some of the harsher exponents of economic rationalism. This is a secret language of dialogic resistance, to be found under the radar, tucked away in the blindspots of formally recognised communication. It stoically challenges an arguably unhealthy obsession with efficient management, marketisation and economic proficiency at any cost that is, in some institutions, promoted by the harder managerial taskmasters symbolically represented in the concept of ‘homo economicus’. This chapter argues that such ‘understage’ dialogic spaces for kindness are emerging slowly but with progressively firm resistance to challenge unhealthy forms of managerial instrumentalism in some low trust situations in a stratified UK higher education system. The accumulation of such spaces is occurring almost invisibly, in a subtle, persistent manner, like a soft, repetitive reminder of the need for human values, gently but relentlessly aiming to compensate for and wash away the mistakes, confusion and suffering bound up in poor management. This theoretical chapter, informed by empirical data, discusses the need to recognise this quiet form of understated kindness as a pre-eminent but under-recognised quality, currently marginalised in a higher education system more overtly focused on self-promotion, targets, outputs and league tables than on the well-being of staff and students. Drawing from leadership data and auto-ethnographic observations (2005–2017), I argue that this informal, resistant academic critique is gradually questioning economically-driven ‘command and control’ managerialism. The Critical Corridor Talk model proposed here and elsewhere (Jameson J, Higher Educ Q. 72:375-389, 2018) builds on Barnett’s concept of ‘critical being’ (Higher education: a critical business. SRHE/Open University Press, Buckingham, 1997), to theorise the ways in which academic staff find relief from hard-nosed forms of management by sharing moments of truthful dialogic communication, kindness and empathy for colleagues in the ‘critical corridor talk’ of informal distributed leadership networks. ‘Negative capability’ is a form of self-reflexive resistance against the ‘false necessity’ of performative goals demanded by neoliberalist economic management. Resistant informal leadership challenges the manufactured performativity of higher education environments where some in power overstep the acceptable roles of good management. Yet to foster trust, such resistant leadership needs to ensure it continually practises both kindness and correct moral principles itself