Non-universal gauge bosons Z′Z^{\prime} and rare top decays

We study a new method for detecting non-universal gauge bosons $Z'$ via considering their effects on rare top decays. We calculate the contributions of the non-universal gauge bosons $Z'$ predicted by topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) models and flavor-universal TC2 models on the rare top decays $t\longrightarrow cV(V=g,\gamma,Z)$ and $t\longrightarrow cl_{i}l_{j}(l_{i}, l_{j}=\tau, \mu$, or $e)$. We show that the branching ratios of these processes can be significantly enhanced. Over a sizable region of the parameter space, we have $Br(t\longrightarrow cg)\sim10^{-5}$ and $Br(t\longrightarrow c\tau\tau)\sim10^{-7}$, which may approach the observable threshold of near future experiments. Non-universal gauge bosons $Z'$ may be detected via the rare top decay processes at the top-quark factories such as the CERN LHC.Comment: references adde

Terahertz imaging with sub-wavelength resolution by femtosecond laser filament in air

Terahertz (THz) imaging provides cutting edge technique in biology, medical sciences and non-destructive evaluation. However, due to the long wavelength of the THz wave, the obtained resolution of THz imaging is normally a few hundred microns and is much lower than that of the traditional optical imaging. We introduce a sub-wavelength resolution THz imaging technique which uses the THz radiation generated by a femtosecond laser filament in air as the probe. This method is based on the fact that the femtosecond laser filament forms a waveguide for the THz wave in air. The diameter of the THz beam, which propagates inside the filament, varies from 20 {\mu}m to 50 {\mu}m, which is significantly smaller than the wavelength of the THz wave. Using this highly spatially confined THz beam as the probe, THz imaging with resolution as high as 20 {\mu}m (~{\lambda}/38) can be realized.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Empathetic Response Generation with State Management

A good empathetic dialogue system should first track and understand a user's emotion and then reply with an appropriate emotion. However, current approaches to this task either focus on improving the understanding of users' emotion or on proposing better responding strategies, and very few works consider both at the same time. Our work attempts to fill this vacancy. Inspired by task-oriented dialogue systems, we propose a novel empathetic response generation model with emotion-aware dialogue management. The emotion-aware dialogue management contains two parts: (1) Emotion state tracking maintains the current emotion state of the user and (2) Empathetic dialogue policy selection predicts a target emotion and a user's intent based on the results of the emotion state tracking. The predicted information is then used to guide the generation of responses. Experimental results show that dynamically managing different information can help the model generate more empathetic responses compared with several baselines under both automatic and human evaluations

MCDAN: a Multi-scale Context-enhanced Dynamic Attention Network for Diffusion Prediction

Information diffusion prediction aims at predicting the target users in the information diffusion path on social networks. Prior works mainly focus on the observed structure or sequence of cascades, trying to predict to whom this cascade will be infected passively. In this study, we argue that user intent understanding is also a key part of information diffusion prediction. We thereby propose a novel Multi-scale Context-enhanced Dynamic Attention Network (MCDAN) to predict which user will most likely join the observed current cascades. Specifically, to consider the global interactive relationship among users, we take full advantage of user friendships and global cascading relationships, which are extracted from the social network and historical cascades, respectively. To refine the model's ability to understand the user's preference for the current cascade, we propose a multi-scale sequential hypergraph attention module to capture the dynamic preference of users at different time scales. Moreover, we design a contextual attention enhancement module to strengthen the interaction of user representations within the current cascade. Finally, to engage the user's own susceptibility, we construct a susceptibility label for each user based on user susceptibility analysis and use the rank of this label for auxiliary prediction. We conduct experiments over four widely used datasets and show that MCDAN significantly overperforms the state-of-the-art models. The average improvements are up to 10.61% in terms of Hits@100 and 9.71% in terms of MAP@100, respectively

Lepton flavor violating processes li⟶ljνlνˉll_{i}\longrightarrow l_{j}\nu_{l}\bar{\nu}_{l} in topcolor-assisted technicolor models

We study the lepton flavor violating (LFV) processes $l_{i}\longrightarrow l_{j}\nu_{l}\bar{\nu}_{l}$ in the context of the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) models. We find that the branching ratios $B_{r}(\tau\longrightarrow l_{j}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})$ are larger than the branching ratios $B_{r}(\tau\longrightarrow l_{j}\nu_{l}\bar{\nu}_{l})$ in all of the parameter space. Over a wide range of parameter space, we have $B_{r}(\tau\longrightarrow l_{j}\nu_{\tau}\bar{\nu}_{\tau})\sim 10^{-6}$ and $B_{r}(\tau\longrightarrow l_{j}\nu_{l}\bar{\nu}_{l})\sim 10^{-9} (l=\mu$ or $e)$. Taking into account the bounds given by the experimental upper limit $Br^{exp}(\mu\longrightarrow3e)\leq1\times10^{-12}$ on the free parameters of TC2 models, we further give the upper limits of the LFV processes $l_{i}\longrightarrow l_{j}\nu_{l}\bar{\nu}_{l}$. We hope that the results may be useful to partly explain the data of the neutrino oscillations and the future neutrino experimental data might be used to test TC2 models.Comment: to be published in Phys. Lett.

Non-universal gauge bosons Z′Z^{\prime} and lepton flavor-violation tau decays

There are many models beyond the standard model predicting the existence of non-universal gauge bosons $Z^{\prime}$, which can give rise to very rich phenomena. We calculate the contributions of the non-universal gauge bosons $Z^{\prime}$, predicted by topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) models and flavor-universal TC2 models, to the lepton flavor-violation tau decays $\tau\to l_{i}\gamma$ and $\tau\to l_{i}l_{j}l_{k}$. We find that the branching ratio $B_{r}(\tau\longrightarrow l_{i}l_{j}l_{k})$ is larger than that of the process $\tau\longrightarrow l_{i}\gamma$ in all of the parameter space. Over a sizable region of the parameter space, we have $B_{r}(\tau\longrightarrow l_{i}l_{j}l_{k})\sim 10^{-8}$, which may be detected in the future experiments.Comment: Final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B. References added and typos correcte