Factors influencing overall survival rates for patients with pineocytoma

Given its rarity, appropriate treatment for pineocytoma remains variable. As the literature primarily contains case reports or studies involving a small series of patients, prognostic factors following treatment of pineocytoma remain unclear. We therefore compiled a systematic review of the literature concerning post-treatment outcomes for pineocytoma to better determine factors associated with overall survival among patients with pineocytoma. We performed a comprehensive search of the published English language literature to identify studies containing outcome data for patients undergoing treatment for pineocytoma. Kaplan–Meier analysis was utilized to determine overall survival rates. Our systematic review identified 168 total patients reported in 64 articles. Among these patients, 21% underwent biopsy, 38% underwent subtotal resection, 42% underwent gross total resection, and 29% underwent radiation therapy, either as mono- or adjuvant therapy. The 1 and 5 year overall survival rates for patients receiving gross total resection versus subtotal resection plus radiotherapy were 91 versus 88%, and 84 versus 17%, respectively. When compared to subtotal resection alone, subtotal resection plus radiation therapy did not offer a significant improvement in overall survival. Gross total resection is the most appropriate treatment for pineocytoma. The potential benefit of conventional radiotherapy for the treatment of these lesions is unproven, and little evidence supports its use at present

Quasicrystalline phases and their approximants in Al-Mn-Zn alloys

Two Al-Mn-Zn alloys in melt-spun condition have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The $A1_{24}Mn_5Zn$ alloy was found to be fully icosahedral, while the $Al_{12}Mn_{2.9}Zn$ alloy gave rise to decagonal quasicrystal. The decagonal phase grew in clusters with an orientation relationship between the grains suggesting nucleation on an icosahedral seed. On annealing at $500-6OO^0C$, the quasicrystalline phases transformed to a body centered orthorhombic phase L (a = 1.24, b = 1.26 and c = 3.05 nm) with a high density of planar defects. This phase transforms to an ordered and defect free monoclinic phase M, a superlattice structure of L (a = c = 1.77, b = 3.05 nm and $/beta = 89. 1^0)$. The L phase is shown to be a rational approximant of the icosahedral phase. The interrelationship among quasicrystalline phases and their rational approximants in Al-Mn-Zn system are highlighted

Distinguishing computable mixtures of quantum states

In this article we extend results from our previous work [Bendersky, Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 230402 (2016)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.116.230402] by providing a protocol to distinguish in finite time and with arbitrarily high success probability any algorithmic mixture of pure states from the maximally mixed state. Moreover, we include an experimental realization, using a modified quantum key distribution setup, where two different random sequences of pure states are prepared; these sequences are indistinguishable according to quantum mechanics, but they become distinguishable when randomness is replaced with pseudorandomness within the experimental preparation process.Fil: López Grande, Ignacio Hernán. Ministerio de Defensa. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Senno, Gabriel Ignacio. Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: De La Torre, Gonzalo. Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; EspañaFil: Larotonda, Miguel Antonio. Ministerio de Defensa. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Bendersky, Ariel Martin. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Figueira, Santiago. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Computación; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Computación; ArgentinaFil: Acín, Antonio. Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; España. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats; Españ

Nonsignaling Deterministic Models for Nonlocal Correlations have to be Uncomputable

Quantum mechanics postulates random outcomes. However, a model making the same output predictions but in a deterministic manner would be, in principle, experimentally indistinguishable from quantum theory. In this work we consider such models in the context of nonlocality on a device-independent scenario. That is, we study pairs of nonlocal boxes that produce their outputs deterministically. It is known that, for these boxes to be nonlocal, at least one of the boxes' outputs has to depend on the other party's input via some kind of hidden signaling. We prove that, if the deterministic mechanism is also algorithmic, there is a protocol that, with the sole knowledge of any upper bound on the time complexity of such an algorithm, extracts that hidden signaling and uses it for the communication of information.Fil: Bendersky, Ariel Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigación En Ciencias de la Computación. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigación En Ciencias de la Computacion; ArgentinaFil: Senno, Gabriel Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigación En Ciencias de la Computación. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigación En Ciencias de la Computacion; ArgentinaFil: De La Torre, Gonzalo. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; EspañaFil: Figueira, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigación En Ciencias de la Computación. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigación En Ciencias de la Computacion; ArgentinaFil: Acín, Antonio. The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; España. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats; Españ