6,244 research outputs found
Economical Valuation of Hypothetically Constructed Washland around a Wetland
Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv
Relaxed 2-D Principal Component Analysis by Norm for Face Recognition
A relaxed two dimensional principal component analysis (R2DPCA) approach is
proposed for face recognition. Different to the 2DPCA, 2DPCA- and G2DPCA,
the R2DPCA utilizes the label information (if known) of training samples to
calculate a relaxation vector and presents a weight to each subset of training
data. A new relaxed scatter matrix is defined and the computed projection axes
are able to increase the accuracy of face recognition. The optimal -norms
are selected in a reasonable range. Numerical experiments on practical face
databased indicate that the R2DPCA has high generalization ability and can
achieve a higher recognition rate than state-of-the-art methods.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figure
Monte Carlo Simulation of Sinusoidally Modulated Superlattice Growth
The fabrication of ZnSe/ZnTe superlattices grown by the process of rotating
the substrate in the presence of an inhomogeneous flux distribution instead of
successively closing and opening of source shutters is studied via Monte Carlo
simulations. It is found that the concentration of each compound is
sinusoidally modulated along the growth direction, caused by the uneven arrival
of Se and Te atoms at a given point of the sample, and by the variation of the
Te/Se ratio at that point due to the rotation of the substrate. In this way we
obtain a ZnSeTe alloy in which the composition varies
sinusoidally along the growth direction. The period of the modulation is
directly controlled by the rate of the substrate rotation. The amplitude of the
compositional modulation is monotonous for small angular velocities of the
substrate rotation, but is itself modulated for large angular velocities. The
average amplitude of the modulation pattern decreases as the angular velocity
of substrate rotation increases and the measurement position approaches the
center of rotation. The simulation results are in good agreement with
previously published experimental measurements on superlattices fabricated in
this manner
Spatiotemporal correlations of handset-based service usages
We study spatiotemporal correlations and temporal diversities of
handset-based service usages by analyzing a dataset that includes detailed
information about locations and service usages of 124 users over 16 months. By
constructing the spatiotemporal trajectories of the users we detect several
meaningful places or contexts for each one of them and show how the context
affects the service usage patterns. We find that temporal patterns of service
usages are bound to the typical weekly cycles of humans, yet they show maximal
activities at different times. We first discuss their temporal correlations and
then investigate the time-ordering behavior of communication services like
calls being followed by the non-communication services like applications. We
also find that the behavioral overlap network based on the clustering of
temporal patterns is comparable to the communication network of users. Our
approach provides a useful framework for handset-based data analysis and helps
us to understand the complexities of information and communications technology
enabled human behavior.Comment: 11 pages, 15 figure
Spin entropy as the likely source of enhanced thermopower in $\rm\bf Na_xCo_2O_4
In an electric field, the flow of electrons in a solid produces an entropy
current in addition to the familiar charge current. This Peltier effect
underlies all thermoelectric refrigerators. The upsurge in thermoelectric
cooling applications has led to a search for more efficient Peltier materials
and to renewed theoretical interest in how electron-electron interaction may
enhance the thermopower of materials such as the transition-metal oxides
\cite{Mahan,Beni,Kotliar,Chaikin}. An important factor in this enhancement is
the electronic spin entropy, which is predicted \cite{Chaikin,Kwak,KwakChaikin}
to dominate the entropy current. Here we report evidence for such suppression
in the layered oxide , and present evidence that it is a
strong-correlation effect.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, already publishe
DNA-decorated carbon nanotube-based FETs as ultrasensitive chemical sensors: Discrimination of homologues, structural isomers, and optical isomers
We have explored the abilities of all-electronic DNA-carbon nanotube (DNA-NT) vapor sensors to discriminate very similar classes ofmolecules.We screened hundreds ofDNA-NT devices against a panel of compounds chosen because of their similarities. We demonstrated that DNA-NT vapor sensors readily discriminate between series of chemical homologues that differ by single methyl groups. DNA-NT devices also discriminate among structural isomers and optical isomers, a trait common in biological olfactory systems, but only recently demonstrated for electronic FET based chemical sensors
Analytical study of quality-biased competition dynamics for memes in social media
The spreading of news, memes and other pieces of information occurring via
online social platforms has a strong and growing impact on our modern
societies, with enormous consequences, that may be beneficial but also
catastrophic. In this work we consider a recently introduced model for
information diffusion in social media taking explicitly into account the
competition of a large number of items of diverse quality. We map the meme
dynamics onto a one-dimensional diffusion process that we solve analytically,
deriving the lifetime and popularity distributions of individual memes. We also
present a mean-field type of approach that reproduces the average stationary
properties of the dynamics. In this way we understand and control the role of
the different ingredients of the model, opening the path for the inclusion of
additional, more realistic, features.Comment: 6 pages + 9 pages of Supplementary Materia
Spin-density-wave transition of (TMTSF)PF at high magnetic fields
The transverse magnetoresistance of the Bechgaard salt (TMTSF)PF has
been measured for various pressures, with the field up to 24 T parallel to the
lowest conductivity direction c. A quadratic behavior is observed in
the magnetic field dependence of the spin-density-wave (SDW) transition
temperature . With increasing pressure,
decreases and the coefficient of the quadratic term increases. These results
are consistent with the prediction of the mean-field theory based on the
nesting of the quasi one-dimensional Fermi surface. Using a mean field theory,
for the perfect nesting case is estimated as about 16 K. This
means that even at ambient pressure where is 12 K, the SDW
phase of (TMTSF)PF is substantially suppressed by the
two-dimensionality of the system.Comment: 11pages,6figures(EPS), accepted for publication in PR
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Mechanism and treatment for learning and memory deficits in mouse models of Noonan syndrome.
In Noonan syndrome (NS) 30-50% of subjects show cognitive deficits of unknown etiology and with no known treatment. Here, we report that knock-in mice expressing either of two NS-associated mutations in Ptpn11, which encodes the nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, show hippocampal-dependent impairments in spatial learning and deficits in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). In addition, viral overexpression of an NS-associated allele PTPN11(D61G) in adult mouse hippocampus results in increased baseline excitatory synaptic function and deficits in LTP and spatial learning, which can be reversed by a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor. Furthermore, brief treatment with lovastatin reduces activation of the GTPase Ras-extracellular signal-related kinase (Erk) pathway in the brain and normalizes deficits in LTP and learning in adult Ptpn11(D61G/+) mice. Our results demonstrate that increased basal Erk activity and corresponding baseline increases in excitatory synaptic function are responsible for the LTP impairments and, consequently, the learning deficits in mouse models of NS. These data also suggest that lovastatin or MEK inhibitors may be useful for treating the cognitive deficits in NS
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