FACTORS INFLUENCING RATES OF ADOPTION OF TRICHOMONIASIS VACCINE BY NEVADA RANGE CATTLE PRODUCERS

Tritrichimonas foetus vaccine has been marketed since 1989 to combat the trichomoniasis disease that causes reproductive failure and considerable economic loss to Nevada ranchers. An ex post technology adoption model is estimated to examine the possible adoption rate, to identify the factors that may influence the adoption behavior, and to test how the probability of adoption for five possible adopter groups would change due to changes in various ranch specific factors. Results indicate that use of computers, veterinary checkup of herd, and herd size influence the probability of adoption. Model results show that cooperative extension programs enhance the rate of adoption.Livestock Production/Industries,

Mesenchymal stem cells: from experiment to clinic

There is currently much interest in adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their ability to differentiate into other cell types, and to partake in the anatomy and physiology of remote organs. It is now clear these cells may be purified from several organs in the body besides bone marrow. MSCs take part in wound healing by contributing to myofibroblast and possibly fibroblast populations, and may be involved in epithelial tissue regeneration in certain organs, although this remains more controversial. In this review, we examine the ability of MSCs to modulate liver, kidney, heart and intestinal repair, and we update their opposing qualities of being less immunogenic and therefore tolerated in a transplant situation, yet being able to contribute to xenograft models of human tumour formation in other contexts. However, such observations have not been replicated in the clinic. Recent studies showing the clinical safety of MSC in several pathologies are discussed. The possible opposing powers of MSC need careful understanding and control if their clinical potential is to be realised with long-term safety for patients

Cooperative Project on the Weak Calf Syndrome

The Weak Calf Syndrome has been gaining wide recognition throughout the north~est and Rocky Mountain regions. The specific syndrome was first noted as possibly being caused \u27by a new entity by Dr. Jack Ward in the Bitterroot Valley of Montana after Dr. Ward was unable to relate the observations of necropsied specimens with that of any known published reports. The actual origin of the disease responsible for the specific syndrome noted in the area is not known and may have had its origin elsewhere. However, interest in the problem is increasing in view of the apparent recognition of the disease and acknowledgment of its presence in many different areas. The problem is particulary devastating when experienced within a herd for the first time, as losses range from 25% to as high as 75% of the calf crop. The initial recognition has been an increase in the abortion rate followed by the calves\u27 inability to rise at birth. The degree of weakness has varied from animal to animal. Many of the calves will be polyarthritic and most die soon after. A few animals are able to survive when immune therapy, blood transfusion, electrolyte solutions, or other fluids are administered. A large number of the animals that survive progress poorly, attaining weight gains of one-half that of their normal counterparts

Prevention and Control of Trichomoniasis

Weather, nutrition, public land policy, marketing options, and diseases all influence the sustainability and profitability of cow-calf enterprises in the United States. One of the diseases is trichomoniasis. It is a venereal disease of cattle causing reproductive failure and considerable economic loss in areas of the world where natural breeding is used.(1,2) The disease is one of the most common infectious diseases causing decreased reproductive efficiency in beef cattle in the western United States.(1

Preliminary Observations on the Immune Status of Newborn Normal and Weak Calf Syndrome Calves

Thymus-derived lymphocytes from weather-stressed calves decline in response t6 Concanavalin A (Con A) and Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM) as the age of calf increases. Maximal response is from 24-hr old normal calves; very little response is from Weak Calf Syndrome (WCS) calves. This depressed response reflects the observed thymus degeneration in WCS calves and contributes to the animals\u27 impaired immune system development

Cattle Management at U.S. Meat Animal Research Center

The Cattle Operations Unit is designed to function as a support area to the research scientists. The operations personnel maintain the animal populations necessary for our livestock research. Indirectly, this also involves responsible land management and herd health procedures. All the facilities and procedures employed in maintaining the extensive cattle herd are determined by research needs. Consequently, while providing a function sometimes indirectly related to research, the operations unit is necessary to provide adequate feedstuffs and healthy animals for research studies

Persistent Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in US Beef Herds

In the summer of 1996, we screened 18,931 calves in 128 beef herds located in five US states for persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection. Of these, 76 herds were randomly selected from the client database of collaborating veterinary practices, and 52 herds were suspected by the collaborating veterinarians to have BVDV infection based on history or clinical signs. Serum was obtained from each calf in the cooperating herds prior to 4 months of age and tested for the presence of BVDV by microtiter virus isolation. Information about each of the herds (including management practices, vaccination history, and breeding- and calving-season production measures) were collected by the collaborating veterinarians using standardized questionnaires. A total of 56 BVDV-positive calves in 13 herds were identified on initial screening. Ten (19%) of the BVDV-suspect herds and three (4%) of the randomly selected herds had ≥1 BVDV-positive calf at initial screening. Multiple BVDV-positive calves were identified in 10 of those 13 herds. Follow-up information was obtained for 54 of the 56 positive calves. Ten out of 54 (18%) died prior to weaning, and 1 (2%) was sold because of unusually poor growth. Thirty-three out of 54 (61%) of the initially positive calves remained BVDV positive at 6 months of age—confirming persistent-infection (PI) status. Dams of 45 of the 56 positive calves were tested, with 3 (7%) identified as positive—indicating most PI calves were products of acute dam infection during gestation. The proportion of cows that were pregnant at the fall 1995 pregnancy examination was 5% lower in herds with PI calves born during the 1996 calving season than in randomly selected herds without PI calves. Most of the calves we identified with persistent BVDV infections survived to weaning, and could provide a constant source of virus to the herd throughout the breeding season and early gestation

What Type of Rancher Looks For New Technology

This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between the Society for Range Management, the National Agricultural Library, and the University of Arizona Libraries.The Rangelands archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform March 202

FACTORS INFLUENCING RATES OF ADOPTION OF TRICHOMONIASIS VACCINE BY NEVADA RANGE CATTLE PRODUCERS

Tritrichimonas foetus vaccine has been marketed since 1989 to combat the trichomoniasis disease that causes reproductive failure and considerable economic loss to Nevada ranchers. An ex post technology adoption model is estimated to examine the possible adoption rate, to identify the factors that may influence the adoption behavior, and to test how the probability of adoption for five possible adopter groups would change due to changes in various ranch specific factors. Results indicate that use of computers, veterinary checkup of herd, and herd size influence the probability of adoption. Model results show that cooperative extension programs enhance the rate of adoption

EC86-219 1986 Nebraska Swine Report

This 1986 Nebraska Swine Report was prepared by the staff in Animal Science and cooperating departments for use in the Extension and Teaching programs at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Authors from the following areas contributed to this publication: Swine Nutrition, swine diseases, pathology, economics, engineering, swine breeding, meats, agronomy, and diagnostic laboratory. It covers the following areas: breeding, disease control, feeding, nutrition, economics, housing and meats