The Level of Serum C-Reactive Protein and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio According to Thyroid Function Status

Objective: We aimed to investigate neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), leukocyte count (WBC), mean platelet volume (MPV) and C-reactive protein levels (CRP) as inflammatory markers according to thyroid function status in hypo-hyperthyroidism patients

Increased insulin secretion suppresses cortisol levels, exacerbates inflammation and beta-cell dysfunction Increased insulin resistance with cortisol levels and HOMA- beta

Aim: The role of inflammatory mechanisms in the formation of insulin resistance (IR), diabetes and metabolic syndrome has been widely discussed in recent years. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between IR and pancreatic beta-cell function with hematological inflammatory markers and cortisol levels

Insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell dysfunction are associated with thyroid hormone functions: A cross-sectional hospital-based study in Turkey

Background and aims: The prevalence of thyroid disease in diabetic patients is significantly higher than the general population. This indicates a possible interaction between thyroid functions and insulin sensitivity. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance (IR), pancreatic beta cell function, and thyroid function tests

The Association of Glycemic Markers with Plasma Adipocytokine Levels in Women with Gestational Diabetes

Introduction: Alterations in the synthesis of cytokines have been demonstrated in gestational diabetes (GDM), but the association of cytokines with short- and long-term glycemic markers has not been defined clearly. In this study, the variations in the plasma levels of visfatin, TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-10 were investigated and theirassociations with glycemic markers -HbA1C, fructosamine, 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol (1,5-AG), and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) parameters were evaluated

Effect of carnosine treatment on oxidative stress in serum, apoB-containing lipoproteins fraction and erythrocytes of aged rats

One of the mechanisms underlying the aging process is proposed to be oxidative damage by free radicals. Carnosine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine) is a dipeptide with antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of carnosine supplementation on oxidative stress in serum, apoB-containing lipoproteins (LDL + VLDL) and erythrocytes of young and aged rats. At the initiation of the study, young and aged rats were 5 and 22 months old, respectively. Carnosine (250 mg/kg, daily, ip) was administered for 1 month to young and aged rats. We found that serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and diene conjugate (DC) levels and endogenous DC and copper-induced MDA levels in the LDL + VLDL fraction increased in aged rats, but there was no change in plasma antioxidant activity. Endogenous DC and H(2)O(2)-induced MDA. levels were also higher, but glutathione (GSH) levels were lower in erythrocytes of aged rats. Administration of carnosine for 1 month to aged rats resulted in decreased levels of MDA and DC in serum, the LDL + VLDL fraction and erythrocytes and increased levels of GSH in erythrocytes. Our findings indicate that in vivo carnosine treatment may be useful for the decrease in aged-induced oxidative stress in serum, the LDL + VLDL fraction and erythrocytes

Modulation of arginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations in liver and plasma by exogenous hydrogen sulfide in LPS-induced endotoxemia

Plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are known to be elevated under pathological conditions, but reports on intracellular ADMA levels are scarce. In this study, we investigated whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia alters the intra-and extra-cellular partition of L-arginine and ADMA. The effect of H2S pretreatment was also researched. Wistar rats were given sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS, 1 mg.(kg body mass)(-1)) one hour before the LPS injections (20 mg.kg(-1)). Six hours after the LPS treatment, the animals were sacrificed. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) activities and levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha were measured in the liver. ADMA and arginine levels were determined using HPLC. LPS injection caused liver injury, as evidenced by the activities of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and arginase. LPS increased L-arginine content and decreased DDAH activity in the rat liver. MPO activity and HIF-1 alpha levels indicated inflammation and hypoxia. Despite the accumulation of ADMA in the plasma, the level remained unchanged in the liver. NaHS pretreatment restored both the DDAH activity and intracellular L-arginine levels. It is concluded that increased H2S generation has a potency to restore hepatic L-arginine levels and ADMA handling in endotoxemia. Extra-and intra-cellular partitions of ADMA seem to depend on transport proteins as well as the DDAH activity

Circulating levels of apelin, glucagon-like peptide and visfatin in hypercholesterolemic-hyperhomocysteinemic guinea-pigs: their relation with NO metabolism

The aim of this study was to determine the levels of regulatory peptides apelin, glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) and visfatin in hypercholesterolemic and hyperhomocysteinemic state and to examine their relation with nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. 32 Male guinea pigs were divided into four groups and each group was fed as follows: (a) commercial chow, (b) cholesterol (chol)-rich diet, (c) methionine (meth)-rich diet, and (d) chol + meth-rich diet. Blood samples were drawn at the end of 10 weeks, and abdominal aorta was dissected for histopathological examination. Serum insulin, GLP-1, apelin, visfatin, and nitrotyrosine concentrations were measured by the manufacturer's kits based on ELISA; asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and arginine levels were measured by the high performance liquid chromatography. Homocysteine level was measured by the chemiluminescence immunoassay; glucose, total chol and triglyceride levels were measured by the autoanalyzer. The microscopic examination of aorta indicated varying degrees of vascular disturbance in chol- and chol + meth-fed groups. High levels of chol and homocysteine, accompanied with significantly low levels of apelin and GLP-1 were detected in the plasma. Visfatin, ADMA, and nitrotyrosine levels both in chol- and chol + meth-fed groups were significantly higher than those in control animals, whereas arginine and arginine/ADMA ratio were lower. This study indicated that circulating levels of apelin, GLP-1, and visfatin are markedly altered during the development of atherosclerotic changes in close association with chol, homocysteine, NO, and ADMA levels. The measurements of these peptides in serum may help for the diagnosis and follow-up of vascular dysfunction

The diagnostic role of human epididymis protein 4 and serum amyloid-A in early-stage endometrial cancer patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic and predictive efficacy of the human epididymis secretory protein 4 (HE4) and serum amyloid-A (S-AA) together with the other tumor markers (CA 125, CA 15-3, CEA, and CA 19-9) in endometrial cancer patients. The study group consisted of 64 patients with defined stage and grade of endometrial cancer and 60 women with benign uterine diseases. Thirty-four healthy women were defined as the control group. Fasting blood samples were collected prior to surgery and tumor marker levels were determined in blood samples by E170 autoanalyzer. S-AA concentrations were measured by particle-enhanced immunonephelometry. Preoperative serum HE4 and S-AA levels were significantly higher in endometrial cancer patients than in controls, whereas the other measured parameters were not significantly different. Serum levels of HE4 were related to both the stage and grade of tumor. The best cutoff point for HE4 was determined to be 59.7 pmol/L; with 75 % sensitivity and 65.5 % specificity. For S-AA, the cutoff point was 8.8 U/mL, with 68.7 % sensitivity and 58.6 % specificity. The combination of HE4, CA 125, CEA, and S-AA raised the sensitivity to 84 %. Preoperative measurement of serum HE4 and S-AA may be of help in early detection of endometrial cancer. Preoperative screening with these markers may provide important information about the patient's outcome and prognosis

Antidiabetic drug metformin is effective on the metabolism of asymmetric dimethylarginine in experimental liver injury

Aims: We aimed to investigate the pharmacological efficiency of metformin on asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) metabolism in inflammation caused by the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) treatment