8 research outputs found

    Endocrinologic, neurologic, and visual morbidity after treatment for craniopharyngioma

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    Craniopharyngiomas are locally aggressive tumors which typically are focused in the sellar and suprasellar region near a number of critical neural and vascular structures mediating endocrinologic, behavioral, and visual functions. The present study aims to summarize and compare the published literature regarding morbidity resulting from treatment of craniopharyngioma. We performed a comprehensive search of the published English language literature to identify studies publishing outcome data of patients undergoing surgery for craniopharyngioma. Comparisons of the rates of endocrine, vascular, neurological, and visual complications were performed using Pearson’s chi-squared test, and covariates of interest were fitted into a multivariate logistic regression model. In our data set, 540 patients underwent surgical resection of their tumor. 138 patients received biopsy alone followed by some form of radiotherapy. Mean overall follow-up for all patients in these studies was 54 ± 1.8 months. The overall rate of new endocrinopathy for all patients undergoing surgical resection of their mass was 37% (95% CI = 33–41). Patients receiving GTR had over 2.5 times the rate of developing at least one endocrinopathy compared to patients receiving STR alone or STR + XRT (52 vs. 19 vs. 20%, χ2P < 0.00001). On multivariate analysis, GTR conferred a significant increase in the risk of endocrinopathy compared to STR + XRT (OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 2.05–5.81, P < 0.00001), after controlling for study size and the presence of significant hypothalamic involvement. There was a statistical trend towards worse visual outcomes in patients receiving XRT after STR compared to GTR or STR alone (GTR = 3.5% vs. STR 2.1% vs. STR + XRT 6.4%, P = 0.11). Given the difficulty in obtaining class 1 data regarding the treatment of this tumor, this study can serve as an estimate of expected outcomes for these patients, and guide decision making until these data are available

    Synergiepotenziale bei Fusionen regionaler Genossenschaftsbanken. Qualitative Untersuchung am Beispiel des österreichischen Volksbankensektors

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    In recent years, the rules on banks have become increasingly stringent, especially smaller cooperative banks are faced with higher costs and therefore consider changes in their business strategy. One strategic option is the merger of two or more smaller regional banks to gain synergies from accomplishing administrative tasks together. The existing research on this topic shows that mergers in the majority of cases do not bring the expected additional benefits. This phenomenon is not limited to banking, but occurs in almost all industries. At this point there is a research gap about the reasons for this lack of success. In exploring this unsatisfactory success of mergers in general and in banking, this thesis focuses on the positive and negative impacts of a merger on the various stakeholders of a bank and whether their reactions can influence the occurrence of synergy effects in the different parts of the value chain. The research takes the form of a case study examining the Austrian Volksbanks, a banking sector consisting of several small independent cooperative banks that decided to merge into larger units to overcome financial problems. The study utilizes a qualitative methodology, including document analysis as well as interviews and observational research. This paper outlines how stakeholders may be affected by a bank merger and what impact this may have on the potential for synergies to occur, it also displays the affected parts of the company’s value chain. In the case of the Austrian Volksbanks, from a stakeholder perspective there is a high potential for economic success of the mergers through synergies, since the requirements of the most important stakeholders seem to be taken into account in the strategy. The findings can be used by other smaller banks in various sectors and countries to prepare for an intended merger. However, the different economic and political contexts in different countries have to be considered

    Grundkenntnisse ueber Computer und Informatik an Gymnasien. Bd. 8 Unterrichtskonzepte. T. 1

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    Copy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

    Grundkenntnisse ueber Computer und Informatik an Gymnasien. Bd. 8 Unterrichtskonzepte. T. 2

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    Copy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman
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