234 research outputs found
Heat generation based on wood fuel as a basis for improving energy effi ciency in the timber industry
Π’Π΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΌΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π°Ρ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ. ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ΅ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π°Π·Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π°. ΠΠ°ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π½Π° Π΄ΡΠ΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π° ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈΠΏΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ±ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡ. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ.Heat generation based on wood fuel increases energy effi ciency in the timber industry. Wood fuel is a renewable and environmentally friendly resource and is seen as an effective substitute for fossil fuels. The use of standardized types of wood fuel can reduce the cost of heat generation. Wood fuel has the lowest rates of carbon dioxide emissions, as well as the absence of sulfur during combustion, which ensures environmental friendliness of this type of fuel. Important organizational measures for the transition to wood fuels are the creation of unifi ed municipal fuel technology terminals, the expansion of the production of fuel chips during logging operations, as well as the export of excess fuel chips. These activities increase the number of high-performance jobs
Demonstration of a Thermally Coupled Row-Column SNSPD Imaging Array
While single-pixel superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency and timing performance from the UV to near-IR, scaling these devices to large imaging arrays remains challenging. Here, we propose a new SNSPD multiplexing system using thermal coupling and detection correlations between two photosensitive layers of an array. Using this architecture with the channels of one layer oriented in rows and the second layer in columns, we demonstrate imaging capability in 16-pixel arrays with accurate spot tracking at the few-photon level. We also explore the performance trade-offs of orienting the top layer nanowires parallel and perpendicular to the bottom layer. The thermally coupled row-column scheme is readily able to scale to the kilopixel size with existing readout systems and, when combined with other multiplexing architectures, has the potential to enable megapixel scale SNSPD imaging arrays
Demonstration of a Thermally Coupled Row-Column SNSPD Imaging Array
While single-pixel superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency and timing performance from the UV to near-IR, scaling these devices to large imaging arrays remains challenging. Here, we propose a new SNSPD multiplexing system using thermal coupling and detection correlations between two photosensitive layers of an array. Using this architecture with the channels of one layer oriented in rows and the second layer in columns, we demonstrate imaging capability in 16-pixel arrays with accurate spot tracking at the few-photon level. We also explore the performance trade-offs of orienting the top layer nanowires parallel and perpendicular to the bottom layer. The thermally coupled row-column scheme is readily able to scale to the kilopixel size with existing readout systems and, when combined with other multiplexing architectures, has the potential to enable megapixel scale SNSPD imaging arrays
High-efficiency WSi superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors operating at 2.5 K
We investigate the operation of WSi superconducting nanowire single-photon
detectors (SNSPDs) at 2.5 K, a temperature which is ~ 70 % of the
superconducting transition temperature (TC) of 3.4 K. We demonstrate saturation
of the system detection efficiency at 78 +- 2 % with a jitter of 191 ps. We
find that the jitter at 2.5 K is limited by the noise of the readout, and can
be improved through the use of cryogenic amplifiers. Operation of SNSPDs with
high efficiency at temperatures very close to TC appears to be a unique
property of amorphous WSi
Identification of electrofacies on the basis of well logging to determine sedimentation environment of horizon JK[2] in Em-Egovskoe field (Western Siberia)
Well logging results are one of the ways to study the buried terrigenous rocks genesis. To ensure the most objective characterization of the rock and identification of electrofacies it is necessary to use a complex geological and geophysical survey. The comprehensive investigations of environmental conditions based on well logging have been performed for the horizon JK[2] of Tumenskoe formation in Em-Egovskoe area, Krasnoleninskoe field (Western Siberia). The defined electrofacies were compared with the results of earlier conducted granulometric and mineralogical analyses. The totality of research provided for a conclusion that the investigated sediments of horizon JK2 had been formed within the destructive tidal delta. Thus, objective facies prediction can only be ensured by analyzing core and well logging data comprehensively
Innovative Closely Spaced Profiling and Current Velocity Measurements in the Southern Baltic Sea in 2016β2018 With Special Reference to the Bottom Layer
A solution to the problem of determination of spatial variability of oceanographic fields, which contained a fine structure resolution higher than what was possible previously using towed scanning probes, was presented for the Baltic Sea. Another concurrently solved problem consisted in obtaining data on the structure of waters in the bottom layer, which was difficult to implement by way of application of previous methods. Instead of scanning along inclined paths, a new measurement technique allows for a quasi-free probe drop with a constant sink rate and which reaches the bottom at each dive cycle along the route of the ship, independent of the pitch of the ship and optimal for the applied probe. The new measurement technique is simpler and more efficient than the previous one. In addition, the problem of measuring the velocity of both very weak and strong currents in a thin bottom layer, including stagnant zones, slopes, sills, and underwater channels, was suggested to be solved using clusters consisting of a sufficiently large number of autonomous Tilt Current Meters (TCM) of original design. The innovation benefits are illustrated by the results of a monitoring campaign that was carried out in the southern Baltic Sea in 2016β2018. Among the new findings is the highest ever recorded temperature, 14.3Β°C, in the halocline of the Bornholm Basin, measured after a baroclinic inflow event in early Autumn 2018, and an extraordinarily large current velocity of saltwater flow of more than 0.5 m/s, recorded by a TCM within a 1 m thick bottom layer at the eastern slope of the Hoburg Channel during a period when the northwesterly wind had intensified to a severe gale
High-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors fabricated from MoSi thin-films
We demonstrate high-efficiency superconducting nanowire single-photon
detectors (SNSPDs) fabricated from MoSi thin-films. We measure a maximum system
detection efficiency (SDE) of 87 +- 0.5 % at 1542 nm at a temperature of 0.7 K,
with a jitter of 76 ps, maximum count rate approaching 10 MHz, and polarization
dependence as low as 3.4 +- 0.7 % The SDE curves show saturation of the
internal efficiency similar to WSi-based SNSPDs at temperatures as high as 2.3
K. We show that at similar cryogenic temperatures, MoSi SNSPDs achieve
efficiencies comparable to WSi-based SNSPDs with nearly a factor of two
reduction in jitter
Large active-area superconducting microwire detector array with single-photon sensitivity in the near-infrared
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