49 research outputs found
Testing of the Retinal Visual Acuity in High Myops with Cataracts
In the presence of the media opacities and extreme ametropia, especially in high myopia, often arises a question of expected visual acuity, e.g. after cataract extraction because of the possible degenerative changes of the choroid and retina. In the measurements were enrolled 15 patients between 45 and 60 years of age, 9 female and 6 male. We have tested preoperative retinal visual acuity by the interferometer. One month postoperatively visual acuity was measured by Snellen international charts at a distance of 6 m. Both measurements are calculated using log MAR scale. Measurements were paired and the differences are calculated and analyzed for the significance. No significance was found (p>0.05). It was concluded that measured differences were incidental and interferometer measurements are reliable in predicting post cataract visual acuity in high myopia
Testing of the Retinal Visual Acuity in High Myops with Cataracts
In the presence of the media opacities and extreme ametropia, especially in high myopia, often arises a question of expected visual acuity, e.g. after cataract extraction because of the possible degenerative changes of the choroid and retina. In the measurements were enrolled 15 patients between 45 and 60 years of age, 9 female and 6 male. We have tested preoperative retinal visual acuity by the interferometer. One month postoperatively visual acuity was measured by Snellen international charts at a distance of 6 m. Both measurements are calculated using log MAR scale. Measurements were paired and the differences are calculated and analyzed for the significance. No significance was found (p>0.05). It was concluded that measured differences were incidental and interferometer measurements are reliable in predicting post cataract visual acuity in high myopia
Je li srediÅ”nja debljina rožnice Äimbenik rizika za pseudoeksfolijativni glaukom?
The aim of the study was to compare central corneal thickness measurements among patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, primary open angle glaucoma, and normal subjects. The study included 60 eyes divided into three groups: group 1 of 24 eyes pseudoexfoliation glaucoma; group 2 of 20 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma; and group 3 of 16 normal eyes. Central corneal thickness was measured using an ultrasound pachymeter, and intraocular pressure was measured by use of applanation tonometer. Statistical methods were employed on between-group comparison of the values obtained by central corneal thickness measurement. The mean central corneal thickness was similar across the three study groups, with no statistically significant difference among normal eyes, open angle glaucoma eyes and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma eyes (mean Ā± SD: 570Ā±40, 558Ā±41 and 564Ā±25 mm, respectively). Accordingly, central cornea was not thinner in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma than in either normal subjects or patients with open angle glaucoma. However, the possibility of differences that may have emerged in case of a larger sample size should also be taken in consideration. In conclusion, central corneal thickness was not demonstrated to be a risk factor for the development of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma in our patient series.Cilj ispitivanja bio je usporediti srediÅ”nju debljinu rožnice u bolesnika sa pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom, primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta i zdravih ispitanika. Studija je obuhvatila podatke o 60 oÄiju podijeljenih u tri skupine. Prva je skupina ukljuÄivala 24 oÄiju osoba sa pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom, druga skupina 20 oÄiju bolesnika s primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta, a treÄa skupina 16 oÄiju zdravih osoba. SrediÅ”nja debljina rožnice mjerila se ultrazvuÄnim pahimetrom, a oÄni tlak aplanacijskom tonometrijom. Nije bilo statistiÄki znaÄajne razlike srednje vrijednosti (Ā±SD) srediÅ”nje debljine rožnice izmeÄu triju skupina, koja je mjerila 570Ā±40 mm u kontrolnoj skupini zdravih oÄiju, 558Ā±41 mm u skupini oÄiju s primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta i 564Ā±25 mm u skupini oÄiju sa pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom. Dakle, nije utvrÄena manja srediÅ”nja debljina rožnice u bolesnika s pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom u usporedbi s onom kod bolesnika s primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta i zdravih ispitanika. Nije dokazano da bi manja srediÅ”nja debljina rožnice bila Äimbenik rizika za nastanak pseudoeksfolijativnog glaukoma, iako se ne može iskljuÄiti moguÄnost drukÄijih rezultata uz veÄi broj ispitivanih bolesnika
Je li srediÅ”nja debljina rožnice Äimbenik rizika za pseudoeksfolijativni glaukom?
The aim of the study was to compare central corneal thickness measurements among patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, primary open angle glaucoma, and normal subjects. The study included 60 eyes divided into three groups: group 1 of 24 eyes pseudoexfoliation glaucoma; group 2 of 20 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma; and group 3 of 16 normal eyes. Central corneal thickness was measured using an ultrasound pachymeter, and intraocular pressure was measured by use of applanation tonometer. Statistical methods were employed on between-group comparison of the values obtained by central corneal thickness measurement. The mean central corneal thickness was similar across the three study groups, with no statistically significant difference among normal eyes, open angle glaucoma eyes and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma eyes (mean Ā± SD: 570Ā±40, 558Ā±41 and 564Ā±25 mm, respectively). Accordingly, central cornea was not thinner in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma than in either normal subjects or patients with open angle glaucoma. However, the possibility of differences that may have emerged in case of a larger sample size should also be taken in consideration. In conclusion, central corneal thickness was not demonstrated to be a risk factor for the development of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma in our patient series.Cilj ispitivanja bio je usporediti srediÅ”nju debljinu rožnice u bolesnika sa pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom, primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta i zdravih ispitanika. Studija je obuhvatila podatke o 60 oÄiju podijeljenih u tri skupine. Prva je skupina ukljuÄivala 24 oÄiju osoba sa pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom, druga skupina 20 oÄiju bolesnika s primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta, a treÄa skupina 16 oÄiju zdravih osoba. SrediÅ”nja debljina rožnice mjerila se ultrazvuÄnim pahimetrom, a oÄni tlak aplanacijskom tonometrijom. Nije bilo statistiÄki znaÄajne razlike srednje vrijednosti (Ā±SD) srediÅ”nje debljine rožnice izmeÄu triju skupina, koja je mjerila 570Ā±40 mm u kontrolnoj skupini zdravih oÄiju, 558Ā±41 mm u skupini oÄiju s primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta i 564Ā±25 mm u skupini oÄiju sa pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom. Dakle, nije utvrÄena manja srediÅ”nja debljina rožnice u bolesnika s pseudoeksfolijativnim glaukomom u usporedbi s onom kod bolesnika s primarnim glaukomom otvorenog kuta i zdravih ispitanika. Nije dokazano da bi manja srediÅ”nja debljina rožnice bila Äimbenik rizika za nastanak pseudoeksfolijativnog glaukoma, iako se ne može iskljuÄiti moguÄnost drukÄijih rezultata uz veÄi broj ispitivanih bolesnika
Corticosteroid Therapy in Patients with Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is one of the most common conditions affecting the optic nerve in the
elderly. It may lead to severe visual loss. Typical symptoms are painless impairment of visual function accompanied by
relative afferent pupillary defect, edema of the optic disc and visual fi eld defects. Aim is to present 38 patients with nonarteritic
anterior ischemic optic neuropathy who were treated with corticosteroid therapy. This prospective study involved
38 patients, 20 men and 18 women aged 60ā75 years who were treated with corticosteroid therapy. The study included
patients with visual acuity in the affected eye from 0.1 to 0.8 according to Snellen. Every patient underwent clinical examination,
the Octopus 900 perimetry in G program, laboratory testing, while the compressive optic neuropathy was rule
out with MSCT of the brain and orbits. The most common forms of visual fi eld defect are altitudinal defect and diffuse
depression. Corticosteroid therapy led to recovery in 65% of patient , in 30% of patients did not change, while the deterioration
occurred in 5% of patients
Corticosteroid therapy in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy [Kortikosteroidi u lijeÄenju bolesnika s nearteritiÄkom prednjom ishemiÄkom optiÄkom neuropatijom]
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is one of the most common conditions affecting the optic nerve in the elderly. It may lead to severe visual loss. Typical symptoms are painless impairment of visual function accompanied by relative afferent pupillary defect, edema of the optic disc and visual field defects. Aim is to present 38 patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy who were treated with corticosteroid therapy. This prospective study involved 38 patients, 20 men and 18 women aged 60-75 years who were treated with corticosteroid therapy. The study included patients with visual acuity in the affected eye from 0.1 to 0.8 according to Snellen. Every patient underwent clinical examination, the Octopus 900 perimetry in G program, laboratory testing, while the compressive optic neuropathy was rule out with MSCT of the brain and orbits. The most common forms of visual field defect are altitudinal defect and diffuse depression. Corticosteroid therapy led to recovery in 65% of patient, in 30% of patients did not change, while the deterioration occurred in 5% of patients
Bacterial Keratitis - Empirical Treatment or Therapy According to Antibiotic Sensitivity Report
Bakterijski keratitis je i uz Å”irok spektar dostupnih antibiotika jo. uvijek jedan od vodeÄih uzroka sljepoÄe u svijetu. Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati broj bolesnika od bakterijskog keratitisa kojima je modificirana poÄetna antibiotska terapija prema nalazu antibiograma. Za razdoblje 2005.-2006. godine analizirane su povijesti bolesti 44 bolesnika s kliniÄkom dijagnozom keratitisa. NaÄena su 32 bolesnika s kliniÄkom slikom bakterijskog keratitisa, 3 bolesnika s kliniÄkom slikom gljiviÄnog keratitisa i 9 bolesnika s kliniÄkom slikom virusnog keratitisa. Bris rožnice uzet je u 28 bolesnika, ali je samo u 5 zabilježen pozitivan nalaz. PoÄetna antbiotska terapija modificirana je u 3 bolesnika s gljiviÄnom etiologijom.Despite a wide spectrum of antibiotics available, bacterial keratitis remains one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. The aim of this report is to give an account of patients with initial treatment modification according to antibiotic sensitivity report. Records of 44 keratitis patients treated during the 2005-2006 period were retrospectively analyzed. There were 32, three and nine patients with a clinical picture bacterial, fungal and viral keratitis, respectively. Corneal scrapings were obtained in 28 patients, and positive results were recorded in only five cases. The initial antibiotic therapy was modified in three patients with fungal agents identified
Comparative Study of Antibacterial and Antifungal Effects of Rigid Gas Permeable Contact Lens Disinfecting Solutions
The aim of this study was to compare antimicrobial efficacy of rigid contact lens disinfecting solutions. We tested five commercially available solutions: Unique pH (Alcon Laboratories), Boston Advance (Polymer Technology Corp.), Nitilens Conditioner GP (Avizor), Total Care (AMO), Boston Simplus (Bausch&Lomb). Their efficacy to disinfect saline solution experimentally contaminated with American Type Culture Collection (ATCC): Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC
25923), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Candida albicans (ATCC 90028) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (isolated from our laboratory) was tested. All tested solutions reduced concentrations of bacteria and fungi below 1000 CFU/mL (Colony forming unit; reduction by 3 log and 1 log, respectively) after the 8 hours period. Overall, all contact lens care solutions showed good disinfecting activity against tested bacteria and fungi, with more variation in their antifungal than in antibacterial efficacy. Results of our study might be valuable when selecting
appropriate solutions for non-compliant contact lens wearers
NeurotrofiÄna keratopatija: prikaz sluÄaja
Neurotrophic keratopathy is a degenerative disease characterized by decreased corneal sensitivity and poor corneal healing. This often results as corneal ulceration with a high risk of corneal perforation. A 36-year-old female presented with perforated neurotrophic corneal ulcer and eyelash in the anterior chamber of the right eye and non-perforated corneal ulcer in the left eye, decreased corneal sensitivity, absent corneal reflex and normal lacrimation. History of previous herpetic keratitis episodes was positive. Medical record review showed heredodegenerative encephalopathy with localized brain atrophy and internal hydrocephalus. The patient has mild mental retardation. Eyelash from the anterior chamber of the right eye was surgically removed through limbal incision using a viscoelastic solution. On the first postoperative day the depth of anterior chamber was normal. Treatment was continued with eye patching and application of antibiotic and vitamin ointments. Perforation and ulcers healed ten days after the surgery and visual acuity improved. After the treatment residual corneal scarring remained on both eyes. The pathophysiology of the neurotrophic ulcer in our patient could be explained by corneal denervation caused by previous herpetic keratitis. Denervation results in decreased cell metabolism, levels of acetylcholine and mitosis. Sensory nerves have a favorable effect on corneal epithelialization via neuromediators such as acetylcholine, substance P, and calcitonin gene-related peptide. This can lead to an epithelial defect even in the absence of direct injury. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy are mandatory to prevent corneal complications such as scarring and perforation.NeurotrofiÄna keratopatija je degenerativna bolest rožnice koju obilježava smanjena osjetljivost rožnice i slabo cijeljenje epitela koje vrlo Äesto rezultira nastankom upale, ulkusa ili perforacije. Prikazan je sluÄaj žene stare 36 godina s perforiranim neurotrofiÄkim ulkusom rožnice i trepavicom u prednjoj sobici desnog oka i neperforiranim ulkusom rožnice lijevog oka. Obostrano je bila odsutna osjetljivost rožnica, kornealni refleksi su bili ugaÅ”eni, a sekrecija suza normalna. U mladosti je preboljela viÅ”e epizoda obostranog herpetiÄnog keratitisa. Od ostalih bolesti u djetinjstvu je bila prisutna heredodegenerativna encefalopatija s manjom atrofijom mozga i internim hidrocefalusom. Bolesnica je blaže mentalno retardirana. Operativnim zahvatom odstranjena je trepavica iz prednje oÄne sobice uz pomoÄ viskoelastika, te je lijeÄenje nastavljeno zatvaranjem oka i primjenom antibiotskih i vitaminskih masti. Nakon desetak dana dolazi do zacjeljenja i epiteliziranja ulkusa obostrano, uz uredan izgled prednje oÄne sobice desno i poboljÅ”anja vidne oÅ”trine. Nakon lijeÄenja ostaju makule na rožnicama oba oka. PatofizioloÅ”ki mehanizam nastanka neurotrofiÄkog ulkusa kod naÅ”e bolesnice možemo objasniti denervacijom rožnice koja je posljedica herpetiÄkog keratitisa. Denervacija uzrokuje smanjivanje staniÄnog metabolizma, razine acetilkolina i mitoze. Osjetni živci imaju povoljan uÄinak na regeneraciju epitela rožnice putem neuromedijatora kao Å”to su acetilkolin, tvar P i peptid srodan genu kalcitonina. Stoga je oÅ”teÄenje epitela rožnice moguÄe i bez izravne ozljede. Rana dijagnoza i pravodobno lijeÄenje neurotrofiÄke keratopatije kljuÄni su u prevenciji komplikacija kao Å”to su zamuÄenje ili perforacija rožnice
Tear Film Status in Glaucoma Patients
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of ocular surface disease symptoms and the state of the tear film among patients with glaucoma who are receiving topical intraocular pressure lowering monotherapy. 62 responders were divided in 2 groups: 32 glaucoma patients and 30 healthy individuals. Tear film break-up time (TBUT), Schirmer 1 testing and ocular surface disease questionnaire were performed in both groups. 50% glaucoma patients and 25% control group participants had dry eye symptoms. Advanced disorder in TBUT was found in seven 21.9% glaucoma patients and was not found in the control group. Basal tear secretion measured by Schirmer 1 testing was found reduced in 87% of glaucoma patients and in 16.7% control group patients. Glaucoma patients on topical intraocular pressure lowering monotherapy showed a significantly higher prevalence of ocular surface disease symptoms, significantly reduced basal tear secretion and destabilisation of tear film in comparison with healthy volunteers