Strain-induced structural transformation of a silver nanowire

We have investigated the structural characteristics of the experimentally observed phase transition of a silver nanowire into a tube under tensile strain. In the simulations, atoms are allowed to interact via a model potential extracted from the modified embedded atom method. Our calculations demonstrate that the formation of the hollow structure is governed by the nature of the applied strain, the length of the wire, and the initial cross-sectional shape. The results further offer insights into the atomistic nature of this specific structural transformation into a nanotube with the smallest possible cross-section

SELF-LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS AS PREDICTOR OF TEACHERS’ TAKING INITIATIVE

The purpose of this research is to investigate whether teachers’ self-leadership behaviors can predict whether they will take initiative behaviors. This research was designed with the relational survey method. Research sample consists of 585 elementary school teachers working in 32 different schools in Istanbul, Turkey. Additionally, the sample was determined with simple random sampling. The data of the research was collected with the Self- Leadership Scale and Taking Initiative Scale for Educational Organizations. The relationship between teachers’ taking initiative behaviors and self-leadership behaviors was tested with Pearson Correlation analysis. Afterwards, multilinear regression analysis was utilized to analyze whether teachers’ self-leadership behaviors predict taking initiative behaviors. According to the research results, it was revealed that teachers use the strategy of focusing the idea on the natural rewards the most, and the strategy of self-punishment the least among self-leadership strategies. Moreover, it was found that teachers enact proactive action the most and self-starting the least among taking initiative behaviors. It emerged that there is a positive and significant relationship between teachers’ taking initiate behaviors and self-leadership behaviors, except for the sub-dimension of self-punishment. It was found that the sub-dimensions of self-leadership significantly predict the sub-dimensions of taking initiative. These results were discussed in the theoretical frameworks of action and self-influence theories. At the end of the research, these suggestions can be offered that in-service trainings on leadership development should be applied in order to foster taking initiatives. Further researchers can analyze the relationship between taking initiative and self-leadership behaviors with qualitative analyze.   Article visualizations

Risk parameter calculation using princpal component analysis of yield curves: the case of borsa İstanbul fixed income market

To enable a trustworthy clearing operation, clearinghouses require conservative margins to avoid the risk of incurring a loss in case one counterparty defaults. When margin requirements for fixed income instruments are calculated, yield curves of each instrument are stressed using their first three principal components. All instruments in an account are then evaluated against each stressed yield curve and the margin requirement is calculated as the difference of the combined value of these instruments calculated with the worst of the stressed yield curves between their combined values calculated with related unstressed curves. The aim of this project is to construct a tool for applying principle component analysis (PCA) on daily zero coupon yield curve of Turkish Treasury Securities. The analysis employs a yield curve panel data set obtained consisting historical zero coupon yield curves. The data set includes interest rates of 60 different maturities varying between overnight and 15 years and 1250 daily observations between December 2010 and December 2015. The result of this analysis provides a method that could be run at the end of each clearing day to determine the major components of the yield curve such as level/height, slope and curvature that describes at least 95% of the variation in interest changes and subject to stress shocksTakasın güvenli bir şekilde tamamlanmasının sağlanabilmesi için, takas kurumunun herhangi bir karşı tarafının temerrüdü halinde oluşacak zararlar nedeniyle maruz kalacağı riskleri karşılayabilmek için gerekli teminat tutarını makul bir muhafazakârlıkta temin ediyor olması gerekmektedir. Sabit getirili enstrümanların teminat gereksinimlerinin hesaplanmasında, her bir enstrümanın kendi fiyatına şok vermek yerine, her bir enstrümanın verim eğrisinin ilk üç temel bileşenine şok verilir. Bir hesapta bulunan tüm enstrümanlar şok verilmiş farklı verim eğrileri ile değerlenir ve şoklanmış verim eğrilerinin en kötülerinin ürettiği toplam değer ile şoklanmamış eğriler ile üretilmiş toplam portföy değeri arasındaki fark teminat gereksinimi olarak hesaplanır. Bu projenin amacı, Türk Hazine Tahvilleri’nden oluşan kuponsuz verim eğrileri üzerinde günlük keşifsel veri analizi akabinde temel bileşenler analizi yapacak bir araç üretmektir. Analizde, tarihsel kuponsuz verim eğrilerinden oluşmuş verim eğirisi panel veri seti kullanılmaktadır. Veri seti, Aralık 2010 ve Aralık 2015 arasındaki 1250 günlük gözlem için, gecelik ve 15 yıllık altmış farklı vade dilimine ait faizlerden oluşmaktadır. Analiz sonucu ise her takas günü sonunda çalıştırılarak seviye, eğim ve büküm gibi verim eğrilerindeki getiri değişimlerinin en az %95’ini açıklayan, şok uygulanacak ilk üç temel bileşenin tespit edilmesini sağlayan bir metodoloji üretmekti

Trajectory Simulation With Battery Modeling for Electric Powered Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Fixed wing electric powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has been widely adopted for the last decade in a great number of applications. One of the primary advantages to fixed wing versus multi-rotor designs is the efficiency in forward flight with best possible range and endurance capabilities. In electrically powered air vehicles range and endurance are monitored by the State-of-Charge (SOC) of the battery. To understand the capabilities of the battery, discharge experiments can be conducted in lab environments; however, sometimes the results are difficult to integrate in flight simulations. In this thesis, a trajectory simulation is developed that can estimate an instantaneous SOC and terminal voltage of the Lithium Polymer (Li-Po) battery of a fixed wing UAV. The simulation code is generated using the traditional flight dynamics equations for a mathematical five degree of freedom (5-DOF) system in the MATLAB environment. Simplistic control relations are defined for setting the pitch angle(θ) and roll angle(��) of the UAV. An AVISTAR ELITE RC model has been chosen to simulate the flight mission with the goal of future flight test validations. Initially, battery simulation was carried out in the ODU UAV lab by discharging a 3300Mah Li-Po battery to half capacity with constant current over a range of current draw. Later, these constant current discharge curves were converted to the constant power curves which are more suitable for the battery powered aircraft applications. Simulated battery pulse discharge tests were also conducted, and battery parameters were estimated in SIMULINK for the validation of the constant power method used in the simulation. The overall results of this research demonstrate the endurance and range of the electric UAV for mission paths that include takeoff, climb/descent and turning flight phases

Computer Based Modeling for Tilt-Wing e-VTOL Propeller Performance

Recent decades have seen a rapid popularization of Urban Air Mobility (UAM) concepts. The new generation of designs presents a wide range of configurations and approaches to exploit the advantages of these vehicles that can be used in civil, commercial, and military applications. One of the more popular concepts is the tandem tilt-wing e-VTOL configuration. However, these types of VTOL configurations bring challenges for performance prediction during crucial parts of flight operations. The flight dynamics during transition regimes where the vehicle transitions from vertical to forward flight and vice versa is not fully understood. In this research, modified blade element momentum theory (BEMT) is used to analyze the blades on NASA’s LA-8 testbed prototype tandem tilt-wing UAM. The method proposed finds the important parameters of the propeller performance i.e., thrust, normal force and torque coefficients of the complete propeller system at a range of tilt-angles from 0 to 90 degrees. Results are compared to wind tunnel experiments with the identical propeller, conducted in the ODU Low-speed wind tunnel lab. Surrogate models were created using Gaussian process models to decrease the required computational resources for simulations.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/gradposters2023_engineering/1001/thumbnail.jp

A New Challenge for Special Education Teacher Training in Turkey: The Newest and Applied Master’s Degree Program’s Effects

After the new education reform made in Turkey in 2012 under the leadership of the Minister of National Education Prof.Dr. Omer DINCER, considerable steps have been taken in training teachers who will work in the field of special education. According to Sari (2013), it is known that 48% of approximately 5580 teachers in 2468 special education institutions in Turkey are the graduates from special education departments and 52% of these teachers are the graduates from other departments. Turkey is urgently in need of the appointment of 22000 teachers graduating from the department of special education in 2014 and afterwards. Within the scope of this need in Turkey, one of the steps taken in order to train teachers having required competence in this field is the Applied Master’s Degree Program (AMDP). It is a program, which was suggested to the Council of Higher Education by the Minister of National Education Prof. Dr. Omer Dincer, who was on duty between 2012 and 2013, and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hakan Sari, the General Director of Special Education and Guidance Services of that period. It includes a total of 857-hour training and at least 4-semester compulsory education with a 196-hour learning practice in the field of special education, which is the first in Turkey.  It is a program in which students are chosen among students graduated from the faculties providing education for teachers or among students having pedagogical formation (knowledge of teaching field) graduated from other faculties. As it is a program which is being applied for the first time in the world, it is necessary to introduce the practices carried out in special education institutions after completing the courses successfully and the tasks that students must perform within the process of practice, and to share its practicality in other countries.Therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide a basis to be able to apply this model in other countries by sharing the acquisitions of the program, which is being applied for the first time in Turkey in order to train qualified special education teachers in both institutional frame and implementation phase. In this research, ‘Document Analysis’ method was used. With this method, the research was completed by analyzing all admitted correspondences, written documents that would form a basis though ‘Content Analysis Method’. Until now, most of the applied solutions to the case of teacher training in special education have caused concerns in terms of quality problems.  It is believed that the special education teachers that graduate from AMDP will be able to continue their professions with a more qualified and sufficient capacity.This paper is just a sample template for the prospective authors of IISTE Over the decades, the concepts of holons and holonic systems have been adopted in many research fields, but they are scarcely attempted on labour planning. A literature gap exists, thus motivating the author to come up with a holonic model that uses exponential smoothing to forecast some quantitative variables in labour-intensive production. These varying parameters include the machine utilisation that reflects the demand and the worker absenteeism and turnover that constitute the disturbance. Collective equations are formulated to periodically compute the number of workers required. For model validation purpose, twenty-four-month data analysis is conducted on a mock-up basis. Keywords: teacher training, special education, applied master’s degree program in special education, teacher educatio

Interaction between finance, tourism and advertising: evidence from Turkey

The purpose – It is important to emphasize that a research on relationship between tourism, finance and advertisement is very rare. The aim of this study is investigation of causal relationship between these variables. Design – In this paper, the relationship between tourism revenues and variables like tourism index of Istanbul Stock Market (BIST) & tourism advertising durations which have not been used previously in the literature was investigated for Turkey. Methodology – To attain more useful and accurate findings, bootstrap granger causality test of Hacker Hatemi-J (2010) was used which can determine critical values by bootstrap simulation method in order to reduce the possibility of potential non-normal dispersion of errors. Approach – In purpose of contribution to literature, monthly data in the period spanning from Aug 2004 till Dec 2012 and bootstrap causality method were used, thus new findings were tried to be found Findings – While traditional Toda-Yamamoto (1996) causality test has been determined no causality between these three variables, there was observed one-way causality from tourism index to tourism advertisements by the aid of more advanced Hacker Hatemi-J (2010) causality test. As a result of study, one-way causality from tourism indices, which is an important indicator representing all positive and negative performances of businesses in tourism sector, to advertising durations was detected. The originality of this research – In this study, unlike others, variables like tourism index which represents businesses in tourism sector and tourism advertising durations were used. The relationship between tourism index, tourism advertisings and tourism revenue was examined with Hacker Hatemi-J (2010) bootstrap causality test which obtains critical values by bootstrap monte-carlo simulation. By this new test, more reliable and advanced results have been obtained. As a result, tourism index which can be considered as a fundamental performance scale of tourism sector has a vital effect on tourism advertisement

Pesticides, Environmental Pollution, and Health

In recent years, people have been exposed to several types of substances with broad spectrum due to the rapidly evolving technology. One of these chemical substance groups are pesticides. Pesticides have been an essential part of agriculture to protect crops and livestock from pest infestations and yield reduction for many decades. Despite their usefulness, pesticides could pose potential risks to food safety, the environment, and all living things. Concern about the environmental impact of repeated pesticide use has prompted research into the environmental fate of these agents, which can emigrate from treated fields to air, other land, and water bodies. The importance of agricultural pesticides for developing countries is undeniable. However, the issue of human health and environmental risks has emerged as a key problem for these countries in accordance to a number of studies. In the last five decades, pesticide usages increased the quantity and improved the quality of food. However, with the increasing amounts of their usage, concern about their adverse effects on nontarget organisms, including human beings, has also grown. The purpose of this publication is to explain the nature of pesticides and their history, classification, risks, and effects on health and the environment

Anesthesic Management for Escobar Syndrome: Case Report

Escobar syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder which is characterized by growth retardation, axillary, antecubital, popliteal digital, and intercrural joint flexion contracture, pterygium in the eyes, cleft palate, decreased lung capacity, genital abnormalities, and spinal deformity. In this case, we presented the anesthesic management of a 2-year-old child undergoing frontal sling operation for ptosis and amblyopia etiology exploration