Variability of Hot Supergiant IRAS 19336-0400 in the Early Phase of its Planetary Nebula Ionization

We present photoelectric and spectral observations of a hot candidate proto-planetary nebula - early B-type supergiant with emission lines in spectrum - IRAS 19336-0400. The light and color curves display fast irregular brightness variations with maximum amplitudes Delta V=0.30 mag, Delta B=0.35 mag, Delta U=0.40 mag and color-brightness correlations. By the variability characteristics IRAS 19336-0400 appears similar to other hot proto-planetary nebulae. Based on low-resolution spectra in the range lambda 4000-7500 A we have derived absolute intensities of the emission lines H_alpha, H_beta, H_gamma, [SII], [NII], physical conditions in gaseous nebula: n_e=10^4 cm^{-3}, T_e=7000 \pm 1000 K. The emission line H_alpha, H_beta equivalent widths are found to be considerably variable and related to light changes. By UBV-photometry and spectroscopy the color excess has been estimated: E_{B-V}=0.50-0.54. Joint photometric and spectral data analysis allows us to assume that the star variability is caused by stellar wind variations.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Pis'ma Astron. Zh. (Astronomy Letters

Pulsations and Long-Term Light Variability of Three Candidates to Protoplanetary Nebulae

We present new photometric data and analysis of the long-duration UBV photoelectric observations for three candidates to protoplanetary objects - F-supergiants with IR-excesses located at large galactic latitudes, IRAS 18095+2704, IRAS 19386+0155, and IRAS 19500-1709. All three stars have revealed quasiperiodic low-amplitude variabilities caused by pulsations observed against the long-term trends of brightnesses. For IRAS 18095+2704=V887 Her we have found a pulsation period of 109 days and a linear trend of brightness under the constant colours if being averaged over the year timescale. The light curve of IRAS 19386+0155=V1648 Aql over 2000-2008 can be approximated by a wave with a main period of 102 days which is modulated by close frequency, with a period of 98 days, that results in brightness oscillations with a variable amplitude. V1648 Aql has also shown synchronous reddening together with a persistent rise of brightness in the V-band. IRAS 19500-1709=V5112 Sgr experiences irregular pulsations with the periods of 39 and 47 days. The long-term component of the variability of V5112 Sgr may be related to the binary character of this star.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Pis'ma Astron. Z

Случай сочетанной инфекции оспы обезьян и вируса простого герпеса 1 типа

The first Russian clinical case of monkeypox in combination with herpes simplex type 1 infection in a 29-year-old man who returned from Portugal is described. The protocols for sequencing the virus genome are presented. Particular attention is paid to the difficulty of diagnosing vesicular rash in patients with a suspicious history.Описан первый в России клинический случай оспы обезьян в сочетании с инфекцией простого герпеса 1-го типа у мужчины 29 лет, вернувшегося из Испании. Представлены протоколы секвенирования генома вируса. Особое внимание уделено сложности диагностики везикулярной сыпи у пациентов с подозрительным анамнезом

Клинико-патологический анализ летальных исходов в зависимости от генотипа коронавируса SARS-COV-2

The genotype of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pathogen plays an important role in the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of a new coronovirus infection. There are no published data on the morphological features of lesions caused by different virus genotypes.The aim of the study was to evaluate clinical, laboratory and morphological changes depending on the genotype of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 39 patients with COVID-19 with a severe course of the disease, which ended in death, who were hospitalized at the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital named after S.P. Botkin” in 20202022. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were assessed, including determination of the virus genotype, levels of leukocytes, lymphocytes, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, ferritin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, interleukin-6. Macro- and microscopic changes were assessed, including immunohistochemical examination of the lungs and other organs using sera to CD14 68, 163, type 1 and 3 collagen. The preparations were digitized on a Panoramic scanner, morphometric studies were carried out using the SlideViewer program, including the quantitative determination of the content of CD68+ macrophages in 12 cases.Results. In all patients, the disease was complicated by the development of pneumonia, the majority had concomitant diseases (94.6%). The average time of hospitalization was 19.0±1.6 days, the average time of stay in the intensive care unit was 7.7±1.2 days. The analysis, depending on the genotype of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, showed a statistical difference between the age of patients, the length of stay in the intensive care unit and the level of lymphocytes. Differences in the average duration of hospitalization, the level of laboratory parameters were not revealed. Histopathological picture in all examined was approximately the same. The content of CD68+ macrophages per unit area in different genotypes did not differ, but varied significantly within the same genotype.Conclusion. Thus, it was not possible to identify significant differences between the changes caused by different genotypes of the new coronavirus, which can probably be explained by the fact that mutations do not include genome regions that are relevant to virulence factors, although further research is needed.Генотип вируса SARS-CoV-2 играет важную роль в эпидемиологической и клинической характеристике новой короновирусной инфекции. Литературные данные о морфологических особенностях поражений, обусловленных разными генотипами вируса, отсутствуют.Цель: оценка клинико-лабораторных и морфологических изменений в зависимости от генотипа вируса SARS-CoV-2.Материалы и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ медицинских карт 39 больных COVID-19 с тяжелым течением заболевания, закончившимся летальным исходом, находившихся на стационарном лечении в Клинической инфекционной больнице им. С.П. Боткина в 2020–2022 гг. Оценена клинико-лабораторная характеристика, включая определение генотипа вируса, уровни лейкоцитов, лимфоцитов, аланинаминотрансферазы, креатинина, ферритина, С-реактивного белка, Д-димера, интерлейкина-6. Произведена оценка макро- и микроскопических изменений, в том числе иммуногистохимическое исследование легких и других органов с использованием сывороток к СD14 68, 163, коллагену 1 и 3 типа. Препараты были оцифрованы на сканере Panoramic, морфометрические исследования проведены с использованием программы SlideViewer, в том числе количественно определено содержание CD68+ макрофагов в 12 наблюдениях.Результаты. У всех пациентов заболевание осложнилось развитием пневмонии, большинство имели сопутствующие заболевания (94,6%). Среднее время госпитализации 19,0±1,6 дня, среднее время пребывания в реанимационном отделении 7,7±1,2 дней. В зависимости от генотипа вируса SARS-CoV-2 установлены статистически значимые различия между возрастом больных, длительностью пребывания в отделении реанимации и уровнем лимфоцитов. Различий по средней продолжительности госпитализации, уровню лабораторных показателей не выявлено. Гистопатологическая картина у всех обследованных была примерно одинаковой. Содержание макрофагов CD68+ на единицу площади при различных генотипах не отличалось, но значительно колебалось в пределах одного генотипа.Заключение. Таким образом, существенных различий между изменениями, обусловленными разными генотипами нового коронавируса, выявить не удалось. Вероятно, это можно объяснить тем, что в состав мутаций не входят участки генома, релевантные факторам вирулентности, хотя необходимы дальнейшие исследования

Changing the Structure of the Titanium Alloy VT1–0, Exposed to Electropulsing in Multicycle Fatigue

The analysis of the defective substructure of titanium alloy under fatigue loading after electropulsing and without it was carried out. The mechanisms responsible for increasing fatigue life are revealed. Electropulsing of samples, carried out at the intermediate stage of testing increases the fatigue life of the material in ≈1.3 times.В работе был проведен анализ изменения дефектной субструктуры образцов из титанового сплава ВТ1–0 при усталостном нагружении после токовой импульсной обработке и без нее. Выявлены механизмы, ответственные за повышение усталостного ресурса. Токовая импульсная обработка образцов, осуществляемая на промежуточной стадии испытаний, приводит к увеличению усталостной долговечности материала в ≈1,3 раза относительно исходных образцов

A Transcript Cleavage Factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Important for Its Survival

After initiation of transcription, a number of proteins participate during elongation and termination modifying the properties of the RNA polymerase (RNAP). Gre factors are one such group conserved across bacteria. They regulate transcription by projecting their N-terminal coiled-coil domain into the active center of RNAP through the secondary channel and stimulating hydrolysis of the newly synthesized RNA in backtracked elongation complexes. Rv1080c is a putative gre factor (MtbGre) in the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The protein enhanced the efficiency of promoter clearance by lowering abortive transcription and also rescued arrested and paused elongation complexes on the GC rich mycobacterial template. Although MtbGre is similar in domain organization and shares key residues for catalysis and RNAP interaction with the Gre factors of Escherichia coli, it could not complement an E. coli gre deficient strain. Moreover, MtbGre failed to rescue E. coli RNAP stalled elongation complexes, indicating the importance of specific protein-protein interactions for transcript cleavage. Decrease in the level of MtbGre reduced the bacterial survival by several fold indicating its essential role in mycobacteria. Another Gre homolog, Rv3788 was not functional in transcript cleavage activity indicating that a single Gre is sufficient for efficient transcription of the M. tuberculosis genome

Etiology of influenza-like illnesses in the population of Novosibirsk city in the 2018–2019 epidemic season

Influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections lead to a substantial incidence of severe cases and hospitalizations and so remain a global health problem. Within the frame of the Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN), we assessed the contribution of influenza and other respiratory viruses to severe cases of influenzalike diseases in patients hospitalized to the Novosibirsk infectious hospitals in the years 2018–2019. We analyzed 484 nasopharyngeal swabs collected from patients admitted to the hospitals with acute respiratory infections (ARI) using real-time polymerase chain reaction commercial kits. We confirmed viral etiology of ARI in 69.8% cases. Influenza viruses were detected in 47.1% cases, wherein concomitant circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses was observed in 20.7% and 26% of patients, respectively, whereas influenza B virus was detected only in one sample. All analyzed influenza A viruses were antigenically similar to vaccine strains. Genetically, the Novosibirsk strains were closely related to influenza A viruses distributed in Russia and worldwide. Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus was detected in all patients aged 0 to 14 years and required intensive care. Other respiratory viruses were detected in 36.4% of children and 5.8% of adults, and 8.3% of children had viral coinfection, whereas no cases of coinfection were detected in adults. The most common viruses in children were metapneumovirus — 12.8%, rhinovirus — 9.3% and respiratory syncytial virus — 8.0%. In adults, metapneumovirus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus and rhinovirus were detected with a detection rate no exceeding 2%. In this study, we found no differences in the detection rate of the influenza virus due to concomitant chronic diseases, pregnancy, or smoking habits. At the same time, the detection rate of other respiratory viruses in non-smokers vs. smokers was significantly lower than in smokers and former smokers (26.15%, 66.67% and 62.50%, respectively). In addition, the level of detection of respiratory viruses in children with vs. without chronic pathology was significantly higher (55.3% and 38.7%, respectively). Thus, our and similar studies are important for monitoring and control of the infection

ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ДИСЛОКАЦИОННОЙ СУБСТРУКТУРЫ МЕДИ ПРИ ПОЛЗУЧЕСТИ В МАГНИТНОМ ПОЛЕ

The object of the study was polycrystalline copper of the M006 brand. The dislocation substructure (DSS), which is formed in copper during the destruction in creep conditions in the magnetic field of 0,35 T, is investigated by diffraction electron microscopy. The substructure of the starting state of copper is characterized by the presence of the following DSS types: chaotically distributed dislocations (56 %), cellular substructure of various degrees of perfection (36 %), net-like substructure (5 %), striated substructure (3 %), dislocation bundles (3 %), and torn subgrains (2 %). It is established that the features in the quantitative ratio of DSS types are revealed during the destruction in the magnetic field. Notably, a subgrain structure is the main DSS type near the destruction zone in copper deformed under creep conditions without the magnetic field. The imposition of the magnetic field leads to a decrease in the relative content of the subgrain structure by a factor of almost 2. It is shown that the effect of the magnetic field retards the reconstruction of the dislocation substructure under the creep of copper, which improves strength characteristics. Объектом исследования являлась поликристаллическая медь марки М00б. Методами дифракционной электронной микроскопии проведены исследования дислокационной субструктуры (ДСС), формирующейся в меди при разрушении в условиях ползучести в магнитном поле 0,35 Тл. Субструктура исходного состояние меди характеризуется наличием следующих типов ДСС: хаотически распределенные дислокации (56 %); ячеистая субструктура различной степени совершенства (36 %); сетчатая субструктура (5 %); полосовая субструктура (3 %); дислокационные сгущения (3 %); оборванные субграницы (2 %). Установлено, что при разрушении в магнитном поле выявляются особенности в количественном отношении типов ДСС. А именно, вблизи зоны разрушения основным типом ДСС в меди, деформированной в условиях ползучести без магнитного поля, является субзеренная структура. Наложение магнитного поля приводит к снижению относительного содержания в меди субзеренной структуры практически в 2 раза. Показано, что воздействие магнитного поля замедляет скорость перестройки дислокационной субструктуры при ползучести меди, что приводит к увеличению прочностных характеристик.