Immunological monitoring system of epidemiological surveillance of pertussis

Department of Epidemiology, M. Gorkiy National Medical University, Donetsk, Ukraine, Department of Epidemiology, О. О. Bogomolets National Medical University, Kiev, UkraineThe important role of immunological monitoring system of epidemiological surveillance of pertussis has been estimated. In the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of Ig G class antibodies to Bordetella pertussis toxin the state of population herd immunity (655 persons) against pertussis has been studied in five administrative regions in the north, east, south, west and the center of Ukraine. Representative indicator groups of people of 2, 6-7 and 18-29 years old have been examined. The concentration of immunoglobulins has been expressed in DU/ml – international DRG units. The level of immunity has been assessed as high, medium, low and one making people vulnerable and seronegative. The state of herd immunity against pertussis has been low. The level of seronegative individuals to pertussis amounted to 44.7% of the patients in the country in general, ranging from 21.2% in Chernivtsi region to 57.5% in Donetsk region. The level of the immunity to pertussis has been significantly different in different regions of Ukraine. The average concentration of pertussis immunoglobulins has been 4.7 DU/ml in the examined individuals in Donetsk region, 8.5 DU/ ml – in Kherson region, 13.9 DU/ml – in Kiev region, 17.3 DU/ml – in Sumy region, 19.2 DU/ml – in Chernivtsi region. The children of 2 years old have had the higher rates of pertussis immunity in all the areas what confirms the immunological efficacy of antipertussis vaccine. The children of 6-7 years old and adolescents have been poorly protected. They have been regarded as risk age groups, requiring some additional preventive measures. The level of immunity of the adults of reproductive age has been insufficient to protect the newborns. The obtained data should be used for targeted improvement of the specific prevention of pertussis

Effect of water deficit on maize seeds (Zea mays L.) during germination

Received: October 29th, 2022 ; Accepted: March 23rd, 2023 ; Published: April 14th, 2023 ; Correspondence: [email protected] climate changes cause the frequent recurrence of droughts, which reduce crop production more than any other environmental factor. This study was conducted to access the effect of water deficit on maize seeds (Zea mays L.) DKC 5143 hybrid during germination. The tasks were to assess the influence of different rank of osmotic stress on the maize lipid peroxidation (LPO), proline content, catalase and aminotransferases activities, and morphometric parameters during the early stages of maize seeds germination. The maize seeds were exposed to five levels of water availability which produced by PEG-1500 solutions (0, 20, 50, 100, 200 g L-1 ). Seeds of maize were germinated on Petri dishes for 7 days under controlled parameters. Amounts of TBARS were increased in maize sprouted seeds by 1.9 times, coleoptiles by 1.4 times, and in roots - by 1.9 times under water deficit. Proline content increased by 9.2 times in coleoptiles and by 6.0 times in 7 days maize roots while PEG-1500 (200 g L–1 ) treatment. An increasing of catalase (CAT), aminotransferases (ALT, AST) activities according to osmotic potential value was also observed. A remarkable development of maize oxidative reaction was associated with a significant reduction in emergence, wet weight and length of water-stressed plants. These results assume that the maize adaptive strategy to osmotic stress during germination was found in the activation of LPO and antioxidant components. The findings provide useful help for correcting the stress state of maize using osmotically active regulators

Коммуникационные модели деятельности библиотек высшей школы

There is described the evolution and the development trends of Communication Models of Library Activities (CMLA) in the universities, and there is presented the definition of CMLA. The article describes the linear and nonlinear (interaction and integration) CMLA in the higher schools. There are determined the main directions of communication activities of university libraries in conditions of Informatization. There is considered mass media communication of the university libraries.Рассмотрены эволюция и тенденции развития коммуникационных моделей деятельности библиотек (КМДБ) вузов, дано определение КМДБ. Описаны линейная и нелинейные (интеракционная и интеграционная) КМДБ высшей школы. Определены основные направления коммуникационной деятельности библиотек вузов в условиях информатизации. Рассматривается масс-медийная коммуникация вузовских библиотек

DIABETES MELLITUS IN PATIENTS FROM BURYAT POPULATION

The paper considers specific features of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in patients from Buryat populations. Characteristics of the incidence and prevalence of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in patients of Buryat nationality are presented. Clinicalfeatures of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in patients-buryats are highlighted. The aim of this study was to determine the ethnic characteristics of Diabetes Mellitus in patientsfrom Buryat population. It was found that the incidence and prevalence of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the Buryat population was below the relevant indicators of Russia and constituted 0.73 and 24.18 per 100 thousand population. Late vascular complications of the disease (diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy) occur in patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus of Buryat nationality less frequently than in the general population of patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Found that diabetic polyneuropathy (DP) was diagnosed in 25.8 % of patients

Evaluation of tuberculosis epidemic situation in Ukraine and possible scenarios for its prognosis

The work is aimed at the assessment of the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis (TB) in Ukraine and the development of possible scenarios of outlooks incidence of this infection in the short and medium term perspective. It is established that the epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Ukraine is an emergency. This fact is indicated by the following parameters: since 1995 more than 1% of the population has been suffering from TB (460 219 patients were registered in tuberculosis institutions in 2011), and the intense morbidity indicator was 68.1 per 100 thousand people in 2012, what was twice as much as the epidemic threshold (30.0 per 100 thousand of population). A strong inverse statistical correlation (rank correlation coefficient ranges from 7836 to 8718) between the incidence of TB and human development index (HDI) has been proved in the countries of the WHO European Region. The major factor contributing to the spread of TB in Ukraine is one of the lowest rates of HDI in Europe, which in 2010 was 0.725 in Ukraine (the 43d place among 51 countries in the WHO European Region, and at the same time the 8th place by TB incidence). The prognosis of TB morbidity in Ukraine has two possible scenarios: an optimistic scenario (there is a statistical tendency to moderate decrease in the incidence of TB) and a pessimistic one (a gradual increase in the incidence of TB, which can be associated with the negative tendencies of the global crisis and European development). In Ukraine, a severe statistical tendency to the increase of intensive indicators of TB associated with HIV infection stands in favor of the latter scenario

The interrelation of the problems of the youth labour market and the "brain drain"

The paper considers the problem of "brain drain" in conjunction with the problem of young specialists' employment and directions for the displacement of the "brain drain" process towards "brain circulation". The low level of commercialization of intangible property leads to the fact that an employer cannot pay high salaries to employees who produce intellectual output which ultimately leads to "brain drain". The problem of shortage of medical personnel in the Republic of Tatarstan has been analyzed in the article. The problem of "brain drain" is considered as a factor influencing on information and economic security. The system of social stratification in the information economy has also been considered. Some measures for the displacement of the "brain drain" process towards "brain circulation" have been proposed

Негативні зміни в об'єкті кримінально-правової охорони: до питання наукового визначення

Колеснікова Т. В. Негативні зміни в об'єкті кримінально-правової охорони: до питання наукового визначення / Т. В. Колеснікова // Правове життя сучасної України : матеріали Міжнар. наук. конф. проф.-викл. та аспірант. складу (м. Одеса, 16-17 травня 2013 р.) / відп. за вип. В. М. Дрьомін ; НУ "ОЮА". Півд. регіон. центр НАПрН України. - Одеса : Фенікс, 2013. - Т. 2. - С. 371-372