Kullanılmayan Giysilerin Değerlendirilmesinde Çalışan Kadınların Ekolojik Yaklaşımları

Çalışan kadınların sosyal yapıdaki aktiviteleri, kültürel birikimleri, estetik anlayışlarıve çalışma hayatıile toplumda bir sosyal mevki edinme çabalarıiçinde, giyim tarzlarıbüyük önem taşımaktadır. Buna paralel olarak giysi çeşidinin çoğalmasıçalışan kadınların giysi kullanım süresini azalmakta ve her yıl gardıroplarda bekleyen ve farklı şekillerde elden çıkarılan giysilerin bir kısmıçöpe atılmaktadır. Bu durumun çevresel sorunlara ve ekonomik kayıplara yol açtığıdüşüncesinin çıkışnoktasınıoluşturduğu bu çalışmada, çalışan kadınların kullanım sonrasıgiysilerini değerlendirmede ekolojik yaklaşımlarınıve kullanmadıklarıgiysilerini nasıl değerlendirdiklerini belirlemek amacıyla, 505 çalışan kadının konu ile ilgili görüşleri alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS programıkullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; çalışan kadınların çoğunlukla ihtiyaçlarıolduğu zaman ve sezon sonlarında giysi alışverişi yaptıkları, giymedikleri giysilerini giyebilecek kişilere vererek değerlendirdikleri, atık değerlendirme ve geri dönüşüm recyling gibi ekolojik yaklaşımlar konusunda yeterince bilgiye sahip olmadıklarıve organizasyonel bir destek alamadıklarıtespit edilmiştir

Relationship between interleukin-6 levels and ambulatory blood pressure in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Objective: To determine 24-hour ambulatory blood pressures (ABP) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its relationship with interleukin-6 (IL-6). Design: Prospective controlled study. Setting: University hospital. Patient(s): Fifty-four PCOS patients. Intervention(s): Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted. Anthropometric, hormonal, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters, including plasma IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and nitric oxide (NO), were measured in each subject. Main Outcome Measure(s): Ambulatory blood pressure and plasma IL-6, CRP, fibrinogen, and NO. Result(s): Serum IL-6 levels of PCOS women in the highest systolic blood pressure (SBP) quartile were significantly higher than those of women in the lowest SBP quartile. The high serum IL-6 levels (serum IL-6 level R5.1 pg/mL) were associated with a higher probability of raised SBP (R126 mm Hg), with an odds ratio of 2.2 (95% confidence interval 0.8–7.9). The systolic and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were significantly related to serum IL-6 levels. The IL-6 levels were positively and significantly correlated with serum CRP levels. Interleukin- 6 and CRP were negatively and significantly correlated with serum NO levels. Conlusion(s): The results suggest that raised plasma IL-6 levels may be related to ambulatory SBP and DBP in PCOS

Prominent response with helical tomotherapy in recurrent ameloblastic carcinoma of maxillary sinus: a case report

INTRODUCTION: Ameloblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive tumor of odontogenic epithelial tissue. Reports of radiotherapy treatment modalities are limited in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: A thirty-five year old male presented with complaints of headache radiating to his face for about six months and impaired vision. The patient’s Positron Emission Tomography (PET) showed a mass in the left maxillary sinus extending to the nasal cavity and invading the adjacent tissues. An R2 (macroscopic residual tumor) surgical resection performed to debulk the tumor. Due to the recurrence and residual mass, the patient was treated with helical tomotherapy. At 2 months post-radiotherapy, patient’s vision returned to normal. PET scan showed a significant reduction in lesion size 12 months post-radiation. CONCLUSION: In cases of ameloblastic carcinoma with, post-surgical recurrence or patients not suitable for surgical treatment, helical tomotherapy can be an effective treatment option

Evaluation of some systemic inflammatory biomarkers in canine malignant mammary tumors

The aim of this study is to investigate whether neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) parameters could be used as biomarkers for canine malignant mammary tumors (MMTs), and the changes in these parameters according to different tumor (T), lymph node (N), and metastasis (M) stages (TNM I-II-III, TNM IV, TNM V) and the number of affected mammary glands (single, multiple). Thirty-seven with MMT and 20 healthy dogs were used in this study. Complete blood count and biochemistry analysis were performed in all dogs. Tumor material is removed by tru-cut and sent to the pathology laboratory for diagnosis. NLR, PLR, and SII values increased, and LMR and PNI values decreased in dogs with MMT. Median NLR values increased and median LMR and PNI values decreased as the TNM stage progressed. In dogs with a single MMT, median NLR, and PLR values were found to be lower than in dogs with multiple MMTs, and median LMR, SII, AGR, and PNI values were higher. The present results indicated that NLR, LMR, PLR, SII, and PNI parameters could be used as biomarkers for canine MMT. Also, NLR, LMR, PLR, SII, PNI, and AGR parameters may be valuable biomarkers that reveal the degree of systemic immune response according to different TNM stages and the number of affected mammary glands

Of the importance of a leaf: the ethnobotany of sarma in Turkey and the Balkans

BACKGROUND: Sarma - cooked leaves rolled around a filling made from rice and/or minced meat, possibly vegetables and seasoning plants - represents one of the most widespread feasting dishes of the Middle Eastern and South-Eastern European cuisines. Although cabbage and grape vine sarma is well-known worldwide, the use of alternative plant leaves remains largely unexplored. The aim of this research was to document all of the botanical taxa whose leaves are used for preparing sarma in the folk cuisines of Turkey and the Balkans. Methods: Field studies were conducted during broader ethnobotanical surveys, as well as during ad-hoc investigations between the years 2011 and 2014 that included diverse rural communities in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo, Albania, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, and Turkey. Primary ethnobotanical and folkloric literatures in each country were also considered. Results: Eighty-seven botanical taxa, mainly wild, belonging to 50 genera and 27 families, were found to represent the bio-cultural heritage of sarma in Turkey and the Balkans. The greatest plant biodiversity in sarma was found in Turkey and, to less extent, in Bulgaria and Romania. The most commonly used leaves for preparing sarma were those of cabbage (both fresh and lacto-fermented), grape vine, beet, dock, sorrel, horseradish, lime tree, bean, and spinach. In a few cases, the leaves of endemic species (Centaurea haradjianii, Rumex gracilescens, and R. olympicus in Turkey) were recorded. Other uncommon sarma preparations were based on lightly toxic taxa, such as potato leaves in NE Albania, leaves of Arum, Convolvulus, and Smilax species in Turkey, of Phytolacca americana in Macedonia, and of Tussilago farfara in diverse countries. Moreover, the use of leaves of the introduced species Reynoutria japonica in Romania, Colocasia esculenta in Turkey, and Phytolacca americana in Macedonia shows the dynamic nature of folk cuisines. Conclusion: The rich ethnobotanical diversity of sarma confirms the urgent need to record folk culinary plant knowledge. The results presented here can be implemented into initiatives aimed at re-evaluating folk cuisines and niche food markets based on local neglected ingredients, and possibly also to foster trajectories of the avant-garde cuisines inspired by ethnobotanical knowledge

The frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy and Pompe disease in children with isolated transaminase elevation: results from the observational VICTORIA study

IntroductionElevated transaminases and/or creatine phosphokinase can indicate underlying muscle disease. Therefore, this study aims to determine the frequency of Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) in male children and Pompe disease (PD) in male and female children with isolated hypertransaminasemia.MethodsThis multi-center, prospective study enrolled patients aged 3–216 months with serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) levels >2× the upper limit of normal (ULN) for ≥3 months. Patients with a known history of liver or muscle disease or physical examination findings suggestive of liver disease were excluded. Patients were screened for creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels, and molecular genetic tests for DMD/BMD in male patients and enzyme analysis for PD in male and female patients with elevated CPK levels were performed. Genetic analyses confirmed PD. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the patients were analyzed.ResultsOverall, 589 patients [66.8% male, mean age of 63.4 months (standard deviation: 60.5)] were included. In total, 251 patients (188 male and 63 female) had CPK levels above the ULN. Of the patients assessed, 47% (85/182) of male patients were diagnosed with DMD/BMD and 1% (3/228) of male and female patients were diagnosed with PD. The median ALT, AST, and CPK levels were statistically significantly higher, and the questioned neurological symptoms and previously unnoticed examination findings were more common in DMD/BMD patients than those without DMD/BMD or PD (p < 0.001).DiscussionQuestioning neurological symptoms, conducting a complete physical examination, and testing for CPK levels in patients with isolated hypertransaminasemia will prevent costly and time-consuming investigations for liver diseases and will lead to the diagnosis of occult neuromuscular diseases. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT04120168

Impacts of Regional Climate Change on Swedish Forests: An Evaluation Using Process-based Regional Ecosystem Modelling Approach

The overall aim of this thesis was to provide a representative estimate of the potential impacts of climate change and increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations on Swedish forest ecosystems and the key ecosystem services they provide. In order to achieve this task, fi rst LPJ-GUESS, a process-based regional ecosystem modelling framework, was applied to explore how possible shifts in climatic zones according to a range of regional climate scenarios may lead to changes in the tree species distribution and composition, net primary productivity (NPP) and carbon sequestration capacity of potential natural ecosystems on species level and at the regional scale. Following that, LPJGUESS was employed to simulate and investigate further the interactions between different environmental drivers (temperature, CO2 and precipitation), and their individual and overall effects on community structure and ecosystem functioning of the natural ecosystems for a deeper understanding. Given that nearly all Swedish forest ecosystems are subject to human management and it is more of such management activities that have determined the species composition in these ecosystems rather than other natural factors, a forest management module was later implemented into LPJ-GUESS. The performance of the model was evaluated by comparing the simulated forest composition and growth with the observed forest inventory data from Swedish forest regions. Finally, modified version of LPJ-GUESS was applied to evaluate the possible consequences of alternative regional climate change scenarios and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration on net primary productivity and stem wood volume increment of Swedish managed forests under existing silvicultural management practices. Potential natural vegetation (PNV) simulations showed that all climate scenarios were associated with an extension of the boreal forest treeline with respect to altitude and latitude. The model also predicted substantial increases in net primary productivity, especially in central Sweden. Expansion of forest cover and increased local biomass enhanced the net carbon sink over central and northern Sweden. In southern Sweden, reduced growing season soil moisture levels counterbalanced the positive effects of a longer growing season and increased carbon supply on NPP, with the result that many areas were converted from a sink to a source of carbon by the late 21st century. Model estimates of annual stem wood volume increment in managed forests were generally comparable with observations in all regions of Sweden. Again under all regional climate change scenarios the model predicted substantial increases in NPP and wood volume increment of managed forests, especially in central and northern Sweden due to combined effects of warmer and wetter climate and higher levels of atmospheric CO2 concentrations

Use of Casual Loop Diagrams and Systems Analysis to Explore Alternative Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Seyhan River Basin, Turkey

Within a UN Joint Programme titled “Enhancing the Capacity of Turkey to Adapt to Climate Change” a systems approach workshop was carried out in Adana, Turkey with broad stakeholder participation. The participants applied systems thinking approach, causal loop diagramming methodology and systems analysis to examine the potential impacts of projected climatic changes on natural ecosystems and socio-economical systems, as well as to explore the alternative adaptation strategies to cope with the potential negative outcomes of the climatic change in Seyhan River Basin. This paper synthesizes the outcomes of this workshop, identifies major climate change impacts and clarifies the priority adaptation measures for managing climate change vulnerability in the Seyhan River Basin. Availability and quality of water, and their implications for the region are considered to be the major priority area by the workshop participants. Results suggest that there is need for adaptive measures with an integrated water management perspective considering: • Availability and supply of ground/surface water to maintain natural ecosystems, the goods and services they provide, agricultural productivity and food security; • Efficient use of water for agricultural, residential and industrial purposes; • Drought and flood management; • Capacity building among the regional stakeholders in terms of climate change impacts and adaptation measures

The WORLD Model Development and The Integrated Assessment of the Global Natural Resources Supply

WORLD6 model was developed and applied to simulate potential future supply and scarcity of a num- ber of natural resources within the system dynamics modelling workpackage of the SimRess project. The main objective of this report is to outline the overall structure of the WORLD6 model and provide a detailed description of the “resources” module implemented in the model.In the WORLD6 model, resources are clustered under METALS, MATERIALS and ENERGY sub-mod- ules. The metals sub-module includes copper, zinc, lead, technology metals (silver, antimony, bismuth, tellurium, selenium, cadmium, germanium, indium, gallium), manganese, chromium, nickel, iron, stain- less steel, speciality metals (molybdenum, rhenium, niobium, tantalum, cobalt, wolfram, platinum group metals (platinum, palladium, rhodium), super alloys) and light metals (aluminium, lithium). The materials sub-module includes sand, gravel and stone, where as the energy sub-module includes fos- sile fuels more specifically hydrocarbons.For each of the modelled resources, model simulation results were presented and an associated inte- grated assessment was provided under separate sections of this report. In general, the WORLD6 model simulation results suggests that most of the supply peaks for metals, materials and fossil fuels will occure around the middle of this century. This will lead to some of the most serious industrial, po- litical and social challenges of our times and will require careful preparation and research in order not to disrupt the functioning of society. Substantially better degree of recycling offers a long term sustain- able and secure supply of most resources

2000-2020 Yılları Arasında Türkiye'de Uygulanan Kamusal Enerji Arz Güvenliği Politikaları

Yaşamın vazgeçilmez unsuru olarak karşımıza çıkan birincil enerji kaynaklarının sınırsız olmayışı ve bu sınırlı kaynakların eş dağılmaması enerji arz güvenliğinin en temel problemini oluşturmaktadır. Dünyada sanayileşmenin hız kazanması ve teknolojinin hızla gelişmesinden dolayı, enerji merkezli savaşların sayısı da artmıştır. Enerji, ülkelerin sürdürülebilir büyüme ve kalkınma sağlayabilmeleri yolunda kesin bir gereksinimdir. Bir enerji kaynağının elde edilebilir, ulaşılabilir, üretilebilir ve sürdürülebilir olması, enerji arz güvenliğinin temel boyutlarını oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye’nin arz güvenliği politikaları; kaynak, ülke ve güzergâh çeşitliliğinin artırılması, yerli kaynak kullanımının arttırılması için belirli teşviklerin uygulanması, enerjinin üretimde ve tüketimde verimli kullanımının sağlanması, sektörde serbestleşmenin artırılması şeklinde özetlenebilir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin enerji üretim ve tüketimi, enerjide dışa bağımlılık ve enerji arz güvenliği sorunu 2000 ve 2020 yılları arasında uygulanan politikalar ve sonuçları dikkate alınarak analiz edilecektir.</p