23 research outputs found

    Optimization of the Strength-Fracture Toughness Relation in Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Composites via Control of the Matrix Microstructure

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    The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-998-0119-9The evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of a 17.5 vol. pct SiC particulatereinforced aluminum alloy 6092-matrix composite has been studied as a function of postfabrication processing and heat treatment. It is demonstrated that, by the control of particulate distribution, matrix grain, and substructure and of the matrix precipitate state, the strength-toughness combination in the composite can be optimized over a wide range of properties, without resorting to unstable, underaged (UA) matrix microstructures, which are usually deemed necessary to produce a higher fracture toughness than that displayed in the peak-aged condition. Further, it is demonstrated that, following an appropriate combination of thermomechanical processing and unconventional heat treatment, the composite may possess better stiffness, strength, and fracture toughness than a similar unreinforced alloy. In the high- and low-strength matrix microstructural conditions, the matrix grain and substructure were found to play a substantial role in determining fracture properties. However, in the intermediate- strength regime, properties appeared to be optimizable by the utilization of heat treatments only. These observations are rationalized on the basis of current understanding of the grain size dependence of fracture toughness and the detailed microstructural features resulting from thermomechanical treatments.United States Army Research OfficeArmy Research LabratoryUnited States Air Force Office of Scientific ResearchWright Materials LabratoryDWA Composite

    Wplyw uzytkowania gleb na zmiany ich wlasciwosci i ewolucje

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    The studies were conducted in various parts of the Lublin Upland on the soils formed from loess and loess-like formations as well as from limestone. The greatest and the quickest changes in the soil cover and typology are caused by erosion resulting from the changes of forest soils into cultivated soils. Several cycles of soil development in the undulating terrain are presented in relation to the intensity of erosion, mother rock, and original soil. Forest soils are not prone to undergo transformations. Cultivation going on for several hundreds years causes slow changes, mainly in some of the chemical soil properties (e.g., in the fractional humus contents, soil reaction, the contents of available K and P). A probable soil cover that existed 500-600 years ago, and the cover expected in several hundreds years have also been presented.Badania przeprowadzono w r贸偶nych regionach Wy偶yny Lubelskiej na glebach wytworzonych z less贸w i utwor贸w lessowatych oraz ze ska艂 wapiennych. Najwi臋ksze i najszybsze zmiany w pokrywie glebowej i w typologii powoduje erozja w wyniku zamiany gleb le艣nych na uprawne. Podano te偶 kilka cykl贸w rozwojowych gleb w terenie falistym, zale偶nie od nat臋偶enia erozji, ska艂y macierzystej i gleby wyj艣ciowej. Gleby le艣ne s膮 bardzo ma艂o podatne na zmiany w czasie. Kilkusetletnia uprawa rolna wywo艂uje zmiany powolne, g艂贸wnie niekt贸rych w艂a艣ciwo艣ci chemicznych gleb (np. w sk艂adzie frakcjonarnym pr贸chnicy, odczynie, zawarto艣ci przyswajalnego fosforu i potasu). Przedstawiono te偶 prawdopodobn膮 pokryw臋 glebow膮 przed 500-600 laty a tak偶e przewidywan膮 za kilkaset lat

    Influence of some factors on the sorptive properties of soils in East Poland

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    Phases of gully erosion recorded in alluvial fans (Lublin Upland, E Poland)

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    The study was focused on the alluvial fans formed in the bottom of the Bystra river valley. A detailed analysis of four fans allowed to distinguish several phases of gully erosion related to human activity. The gullies started to develop in the Neolithis times, the subsequent phases of gully erosion could be dated to: Bronze Age, Middle Ages. In modern times, most of the sediments have been retained within the extensive gully systems
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