An Appropriate Parameterized Utility Technique On Heterogeneous Server Dependencies

A new server-based approach incorporated in Heterogeneous Servers. Current cloudinfrastructures are mostly homogeneous composed of a large number of machines of the same type – centrally managed and made available to the end user.In a cloud computing pattern, multiple resources types were utilizing. Users may have diverse resource needs. Furthermore, diversity in server properties/capabilities may mean that only a subset of servers may be usable by a given user. In platforms with such heterogeneity, we identify important limitations in existing multi-resource fair allocation mechanisms, notably Dominant Resource Fairness and its follow-up work. To overcome such limitations, we propose a new server-based approach; each server allocates resources by maximizing a per-server utility function. We propose a specific class of utility functions which, when appropriately parameterized, adjusts the trade-off between efficiency and fairness, and captures a variety of fairness measures. We establish conditions for the proposed mechanism to satisfy certain properties that are generally deemed desirable, e.g., envy-freeness, sharing incentive, bottleneck fairness, and Pareto optimality. To implement resource parameterized mechanism, we develop an iterative algorithm which is shown to be globally convergent on Heterogeneous server dependencies

Stability of a three species ecological system consisting of prey- predator species and a third species which is a host to the prey and enemy to the predator

Prey-Predator ecological system was presented by Lotka and Volterra in their classical model. Inspired by that, several researchers made significant contributions in this area by considering various special types of interactions between the prey and the predator. This has been the motivation for others in bringing a third species into the system thus forming a three species ecological system. Recently, some researchers worked on this three species system by considering interactions like Prey-Predator, Commensal -Host, Ammensal-Enemy, between the three species, which motivated the present paper. In this paper we discussed a three species ecological system consisting of a Prey (S1), a Predator (S2) and a third species (S3) which is a host to the prey and enemy to the predator.  Hence the prey plays Commensal for the third species and the predator plays Ammensal for the same. The mathematical model consists of three equations which constitute a set of three first order non-linear simultaneous differential equations in N1, N2 and N3, which are respective populations of the species S1, S2 and S3.The Equation for the third species is non-linear but decoupled with the prey-predator pair. Totally, eight equilibrium points of the model are identified and the criteria for their local stability are discussed. Solutions for the linearized perturbed equations are found and the results are illustrated.&nbsp

Aflatoxin B1 production in chillies (Capsicum annuum L.) kept in cold stores

An attempt has been made to isolate and enumerate the mycoflora invading chillies kept in cold storage since May, 1999. Chilli pods were collected from the cold stores at monthly intervals for a period of one year between December 2002 to November 2003. The incidence of molds on unsterilized as well as surface sterilized samples was recorded. Species of Aspergillus found to be dominant on stored chillies were screened for antimicrobial activity. The toxins from A. flavus and A. niger exhibited antibacterial and antifungal activity. Incidences of Alternaria alternata, Fusarium spp. and Mucor spp. was low on stored chillies when compared to Aspergillus spp. Chilli seeds aseptically collected from the pods were also tested for mycoflora. Natural occurrence of aflatoxin B1 in chilli pods kept in cold storage was tested. Results from HPLC analysis revealed that the samples were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 to the extent of 5.5 &#181g Kg-1. Key words: Chillies, aflatoxin B1, cold storage.African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (8), pp. 791-79

Design of Super Twisting Integral Sliding Mode Control for Industrial Robot Manipulator

In the present work, integral sliding mode based continuous control algorithm is extended to multi input multi output system. The typical integral sliding mode control (ISMC) contains nominal control with discontinuous feedback control due to which overall control becomes discontinuous in nature. The proposed controller is a fusion of two continuous terms and one of which is able to handle, estimate and reject the disturbance successfully. A proposed robust ISMC technique is applied for industrial robot manipulators which utilizes interactive manipulation activity. Here, robust position tracking control obtained via ISMC principle for two link IRM scheme influenced by parametric uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed ISMC design replaces the discontinuous part by continuous control, which super twisting control is able to handle the disturbance rejection completely. The effectiveness of the proposed control technique is tested under uncertain conditions and comparison study with other controllers has been done. The simulation result shows that the tracking error is effectively minimized by the proposed technique in presence of uncertain conditions

An Enhanced IUPQC Controller to Provide Grid Voltage Regulation

This paper shows an enhanced controller for the double topology of the brought unified power quality conditioner (iUPQC) developing its materialness in power-quality remuneration, and additionally in smaller scale network applications. By utilizing this controller, past the traditional UPQC control quality components, including voltage list/swell remuneration, the iUPQC will likewise give responsive power support to manage the load-bus voltage as well as the voltage at the matrix side bus.A FUZZY controller is executed in this venture in the place of PI controller. IUPQC will fill in as a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) at the network side, while giving likewise the routine UPQC pay at the heap or small scale framework reproduction results are given to check the new usefulness of the hardware. Reenactment results are introduced to confirm the practicality of the proposed approach in MATLAB/SIMULINK condition.

AN EMBEDDED DEVICE TO REGULATE AIR CIRCULATION IN HOT CONDITIONS IN A VEHICLE SYSTEM

Microcontroller controls the positioning of the home windows autonomously and individually from the driver’s presence, following predefined formula that utilizes sensors data acquired in the vehicle’s surroundings. The module is implemented utilizing a microcontroller like a central logical unit and a number of sensors which offer sufficient data to make sure functional, but additionally efficient, reliable and safe ventilation and safety of passengers. To be able to mitigate overheated interior of the vehicle parked within the hot summer time sun and therefore to help make the getting into the automobile much more comfortable, and stopping passengers from injuries when accident occurs, microcontroller managed module for automatic ventilation of car interior is created. The ventilation process is conducted by opening vehicle home windows slightly, which helps air to flow. Besides temperature, the most crucial factors to make sure quality implementation of ventilation are detected movements round the vehicle, the existence of humidity along with other. As well as microcontroller controls airbags position. This project uses controlled 5V, 500mA power. 7805 three terminal current regulator can be used for current regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier can be used to rectify the ac creation of secondary of 230/12V step lower transformer. Using the vibration sensor data for enabling the environment bags open when accident happened towards the vehicle. This paper shows the constituents, their intention and abilities, pros and cons, in addition to potential implementations and upgrades. The exam results give understanding of utilization options of the module and it is effectiveness

Peristaltic flow and hydrodynamic dispersion of a reactive micropolar fluid-simulation of chemical effects in the digestive process

The hydrodynamic dispersion of a solute in peristaltic flow of a reactive incompressible micropolar biofluid is studied as a model of chyme transport in the human intestinal system with wall effects. The long wavelength approximation, Taylor's limiting condition and dynamic boundary conditions at the flexible walls are used to obtain the average effective dispersion coefficient in the presence of combined homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions. The effects of various pertinent parameters on the effective dispersion coefficient are discussed. It is observed that average effective dispersion coefficient increases with amplitude ratio which implies that dispersion is enhanced in the presence of peristalsis. Furthermore average effective dispersion coefficient is also elevated with the micropolar rheological and wall parameters. Conversely dispersion is found to decrease with cross viscosity coefficient, homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reaction rates. The present simulations provide an important benchmark for future chemo-fluid-structure interaction computational models

Swimming dynamics of a micro-organism in a couple stress fluid : a rheological model of embryological hydrodynamic propulsion

Mathematical simulations of embryological fluid dynamics are fundamental to improving clinical understanding of the intricate mechanisms underlying sperm locomotion. The strongly rheological nature of reproductive fluids has been established for a number of decades. Complimentary to clinical studies, mathematical models of reproductive hydrodynamics provide a deeper understanding of the intricate mechanisms involved in spermatozoa locomotion which can be of immense benefit in clarifying fertilization processes. Although numerous non-Newtonian studies of spermatozoa swimming dynamics in non-Newtonian media have been communicated, very few have addressed the micro-structural characteristics of embryological media. This family of micro-continuum models include Eringen’s micro-stretch theory, Eringen’s microfluid and micropolar constructs and V.K. Stokes’ couple-stress fluid model, all developed in the 1960s. In the present paper we implement the last of these models to examine the problem of micro-organism (spermatozoa) swimming at low Reynolds number in a homogenous embryological fluid medium with couple stress effects. The micro-organism is modeled as with Taylor’s classical approach, as an infinite flexible sheet on whose surface waves of lateral displacement are propagated. The swimming speed of the sheet and rate of work done by it are determined as function of the parameters of orbit and the couple stress fluid parameter (α). The perturbation solutions are validated with a Nakamura finite difference algorithm. The perturbation solutions reveal that the normal beat pattern is effective for both couple stress and Newtonian fluids only when the amplitude of stretching wave is small. The swimming speed is observed to decrease with couple stress fluid parameter tending to its Newtonian limit as alpha tends to infinity. However the rate of work done by the sheet decreases with α and approaches asymptotically to its Newtonian value. The present solutions also provide a good benchmark for more advanced numerical simulations of micro-organism swimming in couple-stress rheological biofluids

Fatores de risco para prolongamento do tempo de permanência após cirurgia colorretal

OBJETIVO: Os cirurgiões proctologistas muitas vezes enfrentam dificuldades para explicar aos administradores/contribuintes as razões para o prolongamento do tempo de internação hospitalar (TIH). O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores associados ao aumento do TIH após cirurgia colorretal. MÉTODO: A população do estudo incluiu pacientes que constam do banco de dados do American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) no ano de 2007 e que foram submetidos à ressecção ileocólica, colectomia segmentar ou ressecção anterior. A população do estudo foi dividida em normal (abaixo do percentil 75) e TIH prolongado (acima do percentil 75). A análise multivariada foi realizada usando o TIH prolongado como variável dependente e as variáveis do ACS-NSQIP como preditivas. Um valor de p < 0,01 foi considerado significativo. RESULTADOS: No total, 12.269 pacientes com um TIH mediano de 6 dias (intervalo interquartil, 4-9) foram incluídos. Havia 2.617 pacientes (21,3%) com TIH prolongado (mediana, 15 dias; intervalo interquartil, 13-22). A idade média dos pacientes era de 69 anos (intervalo interquartil, 57-79) e 1.308 (50%) eram do sexo feminino. Os fatores de risco para TIH prolongado foram sexo masculino, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, perda de peso, doença de Crohn, albumina < 3,5 g/dL e hematócrito < 47% no pré-operatório, sepse basal, classe ASA ≥ 3, cirurgia aberta, tempo cirúrgico ≥ 190 minutos, pneumonia no pós-operatório, falha no desmame da ventilação mecânica, trombose venosa profunda, infecção do trato urinário, sepse sistêmica, infecção do sítio cirúrgico e reoperação dentro de 30 dias da cirurgia primária. CONCLUSÃO: Vários fatores estão associados ao aumento do TIH após a cirurgia colorretal. Nossos resultados são úteis para que os cirurgiões possam explicar os TIH prolongados aos administradores/contribuintes que são críticos dessa métrica.OBJECTIVE: Colorectal surgeons often struggle to explain to administrators/payers reasons for prolonged length of stay (LOS). This study aim was to identify factors associated with increased LOS after colorectal surgery. DESIGN: The study population included patients from the 2007 American-College-of-Surgeons-National-Surgical-Quality-Improvement-Program (ACS-NSQIP) database undergoing ileocolic resection, segmental colectomy, or anterior resection. The study population was divided into normal (below 75th percentile) and prolonged LOS (above the 75th percentile). A multivariate analysis was performed using prolonged LOS as dependent variable and ACS-NSQIP variables as predictive variables. P-value < 0.01 was considered significant. RESULTS: 12,269 patients with a median LOS of 6 (inter-quartile range 4-9) days were included. There were 2,617 (21.3%) patients with prolonged LOS (median 15 days, inter-quartile range 13-22). 1,308 (50%) were female, and the median age was 69 (inter-quartile range 57-79) years. Risk factors for prolonged LOS were male gender, congestive heart failure, weight loss, Crohn's disease, preoperative albumin < 3.5 g/dL and hematocrit < 47%, baseline sepsis, ASA class ≥ 3, open surgery, surgical time ≥ 190 min, postoperative pneumonia, failure to wean from mechanical ventilation, deep venous thrombosis, urinary-tract infection, systemic sepsis, surgical site infection and reoperation within 30-days from the primary surgery. CONCLUSION: Multiple factors are associated with increased LOS after colorectal surgery. Our results are useful for surgeons to explain prolonged LOS to administrators/payers who are critical of this metric

In-Vivo Hyperspectral Human Brain Image Database for Brain Cancer Detection

The use of hyperspectral imaging for medical applications is becoming more common in recent years. One of the main obstacles that researchers find when developing hyperspectral algorithms for medical applications is the lack of specific, publicly available, and hyperspectral medical data. The work described in this paper was developed within the framework of the European project HELICoiD (HypErspectraL Imaging Cancer Detection), which had as a main goal the application of hyperspectral imaging to the delineation of brain tumors in real-time during neurosurgical operations. In this paper, the methodology followed to generate the first hyperspectral database of in-vivo human brain tissues is presented. Data was acquired employing a customized hyperspectral acquisition system capable of capturing information in the Visual and Near InfraRed (VNIR) range from 400 to 1000 nm. Repeatability was assessed for the cases where two images of the same scene were captured consecutively. The analysis reveals that the system works more efficiently in the spectral range between 450 and 900 nm. A total of 36 hyperspectral images from 22 different patients were obtained. From these data, more than 300 000 spectral signatures were labeled employing a semi-automatic methodology based on the spectral angle mapper algorithm. Four different classes were defined: normal tissue, tumor tissue, blood vessel, and background elements. All the hyperspectral data has been made available in a public repository.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figure