Determining students' views on digital competency training needs

In this study, it is aimed to determine the views of primary school 4th grade students on digital competence training needs. In the research, phenomenology (phenomenology) design, one of the qualitative research designs, was used. The study group of the research consisted of 7 students in a primary school in Fatih district of Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. The data of the research were obtained with the semi-structured interview form applied to the students. Content analysis was used to analyze the answers of the students in the interview forms, first the data were coded, and then the categories (themes) that explained the data at a general level were determined. The related literature, interview questions and the answers given by the students to the questions were used to determine the themes. From the analysis of the data, four themes were identified: virus, citing the source, unwanted content, pirated product, and not knowing the notification addresses

Structural Insufficiency Anomalies in Cardiac Valves

Heart valves are the basic functional structure of the heart to obtain, sustain, and maintain blood circulations in the body without energy loss, allowing blood regurgitation or obstructing blood flow. There are two basic designs of heart valves: actively protected via subvalvular apparatus (atrioventricular valves) and passively strengthened (ventriculoarterial valves). The embryologic and morphologic development of heart valves is the key stage to continue normofunctional structure and physiological behavior. Fetal anomalies, embryologic defects, or non-development pathologies may damage the structure of heart valves and cause functional deterioration at different grades. In this book, we have focused on specific pathologies, which require special knowledge and treatment modalities

Aortic Aneurysm

Aortic aneurysms are very silent, insidious, and sudden complicated pathologies with high incidence of sudden death. The aorta has several different parts, which are affected by aneurysmal pathology independently and separately or conjointly. Preventive medicine and determinative genetic heritage are the first steps during diagnosis and precaution. Preventive screening of the general population seems the best way for diagnosing early asymptomatic aneurysms with increased health cost. Because sudden death is the first symptom of aortic aneurysms, early interventional treatment is essential to protect fatal complications. In spite of open surgical repair which is the standard procedure, isolated or hybrid endovascular approaches are used widespread in the last decade due to reduction of procedural complications. This book is composed of the main topics on aortic aneurysms and surgical treatments to extend scientific and therapeutic perspective and vision of cardiac teams

Cardiomyopathies - Types and Treatments

Cardiomyopathies are the most featured cardiac pathologies in the twenty-first century, that threaten public health and burden healthcare budgets. This book is composed of the main topics on pathophysiology, general forms and specific types of cardiomyopathies and it also introduces new research in the field. Specific forms with or without genetic inheritance are discussed separately to attract the readers' attention on these topics. Well-known medical follow-up strategies occur ineffective at the end-stage heart failure, however, new surgical approaches can be an alternative for these patients to get a chance at the last crossroad and to improve their life quality and survival and also to gain or prolong time until possible heart transplantation