Efectos de la nutrición y de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens en tomate (Solanum lycopersicum, L.) cultivado en perlita

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are free-living bacteria that, as their name suggests, promote plant growth. However, they can also be of help in the biological control of plant diseases. This study reports the effects of two different commercially available strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (FZB24 and FZB42) on tomato production in open and closed systems in the presence of different amounts of nutrients. Three factors were tested: (1) the type of nutrition system (open or closed), (2) the concentration of the nutrient solution (full or half strength), and (3) the PGPR applied (either B. amyloliquefaciens FZB24 or B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42, or a no-PGPR control). Perlite was used as the growth medium. Variables related to water use efficiency, yield and fruit quality were assessed. The use of half strength nutrient solution was sufficient for full growth in the open system in both spring and autumn seasons. However, the same strength nutrient solution was associated with reduced yields in the closed system during the autumn season. The application of either strain of B. amyloliquefaciens increased the yield of the tomato plants by 8-9% in the open system in the spring, whereas they had an adverse effect on yield in the closed system under half strength nutrient solution conditions during the autumn.Las rhizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento de las plantas (PGPR) son bacterias que viven libres y, como su nombre indica, promueven el crecimiento de las plantas. Sin embargo, también pueden ser de ayuda en el control biológico de las enfermedades de las plantas. En este estudio se investigaron los efectos de dos cepas comerciales de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (FZB24 y FZB42) sobre la producción de tomate en sistemas abiertos y cerrados, en presencia de diferentes cantidades de nutrientes. Los tratamientos fueron: (1) tipo de sistema de nutrición (abierto o cerrado), (2) concentración de nutrientes (solución nutritiva completa o incompleta), (3) la PGPR aplicada (B. amyloliquefaciens FZB24, B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42, o un control sin PGPR). Se utilizó perlita como medio de crecimiento. Se evaluaron las variables relacionadas con la eficiencia del uso del agua, producción de tomate y calidad del fruto. La solución de nutrientes menos concentrada fue suficiente para un pleno crecimiento en el sistema abierto en ambas estaciones (primavera y otoño). Sin embargo, la misma solución de nutrientes disminuyó en otoño la producción en el sistema cerrado. La aplicación de ambas cepas de B. amyloliquefaciens aumentó la producción de las plantas de tomate un 8-9% en el sistema abierto en primavera, mientras que tuvo un efecto adverso sobre la producción en otoño en el sistema cerrado con la solución menos concentrada

Efectos de la nutrición y el riego en la producción de pimiento en toba volcánica

In this study aimed at increasing sustainability in soilless cultivation, volcanic tuff was used as substrate and the tested plant material was blocky type pepper (cv. 4-Ever F1). Three experimental factors were evaluated: cultivation system (open or closed), nutrient composition (N1, N2, N3, N4) and irrigation frequency (I1, I2, I3, I4). Macro nutrient concentrations of N2, N3 and N4 were 2-, 3- and 4-fold of N1. Concentrations of micronutrients were the same for all treatments. Irrigation was started when indoor solar radiation reached 6, 4, 2 and 1 MJ m–2 in the treatments I1, I2, I3 and I4, respectively. As a sustainable soilless technique, closed system was found to be recommendable by incorporating the treatment N4 + I2 to provide high yield and quality for blocky type pepper production. In the case of an open system, N2 + I4 proved to be the most efficient strategy.El objetivo de este estudio fue aumentar la sostenibilidad en un cultivo sin suelo, utilizando como sustrato toba volcánica y como material vegetal pimiento tipo rectangular (cv. 4-Ever F1). Se evaluaron tres factores experimentales: sistema de cultivo (abierto o cerrado), composición de nutrientes (N1, N2, N3, N4) y frecuencia de riego (I1, I2, I3, I4). Las concentraciones N2, N3, y N4de macro nutrientes fueron 2, 3 y 4 veces las de N1, siendo las concentraciones de micronutrientes las mismas para todos los tratamientos. El riego se inició cuando la radiación solar bajo cubierta alcanzó 6, 4, 2 y 1 MJ m2 en los tratamientos I1, I2, I3 e I4, respectivamente. Como técnica de cultivo sin suelo sostenible, en el sistema cerrado los tratamientos que proporcionan mayor rendimiento y calidad de pimiento son N4 + I2. En el caso de sistema abierto, la estrategia más eficiente es utilizar los tratamientos N2 + I4

Yield Enhancement of Hydroponically Grown Tomatoes by Rhizobacteria

International Symposium on Strategies Towards Sustainability of Protected Cultivation in Mild Winter Climate -- JAN 31, 2009 -- Antalya, TURKEYWOS: 000305334500068The objective of this study was to evaluate possible effects of inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria -PGPR- on yield of tomato plants grown in perlite. Different native bacterial strains from the collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Faculty of Ege University (18/1K: Pseudomonas putida, 62: Serratia marcescens, 70: Pseudomonas fluorescens, 66/3: Bacillus spp.) were compared with a commercial product (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24) and control (without bacteria inoculation). Rhizobacteria inoculation took place before sowing and after transplanting. Seedling production was realised in a commercial nursery. Plant growing experiments were conducted as short term production during fall (September 1, 2005 - January 21, 2006) and spring (February 28 - July 3, 2006) in a PE covered greenhouse. The experimental design was randomized blocks with 4 replicates. Total and marketable yield as harvested fruit weight and number were recorded. The results showed that Bacillus spp. strain 66/3 was effective for increasing tomato yield. Increase in marketable yield in this treatment was determined as 37 and 18% compared to control in fall and spring, respectively.Turkish Scientific Research Council -TUBITAK-Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [105 O 571]; Ege University Scientific Research FundEge University [2005 ZRF 004]This work was supported by Turkish Scientific Research Council -TUBITAK-, (Contract No: 105 O 571) and Ege University Scientific Research Fund (Contract No: 2005 ZRF 004). The authors are grateful to Antalya Tarim for kindly providing seeds and Ege Fide for their collaboration in the project

Different treatments for increasing sustainability in soilless culture

The possibilities of increasing sustainability in substrate culture by using closed system, lower levels of the nutrients and microorganisms were studied in the trials carried out during autumn season in 2003 and spring season in 2004. Plant material was tomato cv. Durinta and perlite was used as growing medium. The experimental design was split-split-plots with 3 replicates. The treatments were as follows: (1) nutrition systems (open and closed), (2) concentrations of nutrient solution (full and half -1/2 of macroelements-), (3) microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis FZB24, Trichoderma harzianum T-22, control -no microorganism-). Parameters related to yield, fruit quality and water use efficiency -WUE- were evaluated. Half nutrient levels were found to be adequate in open system, whereas full nutrient levels gave better results in closed system. Although 13.7% higher yield could be obtained in Bacillus treatment compared with control in open system, Bacillus subtilis gave rise to decreased yield in closed system. Generally, there were no significant differences between Trichoderma harzianum treated and control plants in respect to yield

Effects of nutrition and "Bacillus amyloliquefaciens" on tomato ("Solanum lycopersicum L.") growing in perlite

Las rhizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento de las plantas (PGPR) son bacterias que viven libres y, como su nombre indica, promueven el crecimiento de las plantas. Sin embargo, también pueden ser de ayuda en el control biológico de las enfermedades de las plantas. En este estudio se investigaron los efectos de dos cepas comerciales de Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (FZB24 y FZB42) sobre la producción de tomate en sistemas abiertos y cerrados, en presencia de diferentes cantidades de nutrientes. Los tratamientos fueron: (1) tipo de sistema de nutrición (abierto o cerrado), (2) concentración de nutrientes (solución nutritiva completa o incompleta), (3) la PGPR aplicada (B. amyloliquefaciens FZB24, B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42, o un control sin PGPR). Se utilizó perlita como medio de crecimiento. Se evaluaron las variables relacionadas con la eficiencia del uso del agua, producción de tomate y calidad del fruto. La solución de nutrientes menos concentrada fue suficiente para un pleno crecimiento en el sistema abierto en ambas estaciones (primavera y otoño). Sin embargo, la misma solución de nutrientes disminuyó en otoño la producción en el sistema cerrado. La aplicación de ambas cepas de B. amyloliquefaciens aumentó la producción de las plantas de tomate un 8-9% en el sistema abierto en primavera, mientras que tuvo un efecto adverso sobre la producción en otoño en el sistema cerrado con la solución menos concentrada.Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are free-living bacteria that, as their name suggests, promote plant growth. However, they can also be of help in the biological control of plant diseases. This study reports the effects of two different commercially available strains of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (FZB24 and FZB42) on tomato production in open and closed systems in the presence of different amounts of nutrients. Three factors were tested: (1) the type of nutrition system (open or closed), (2) the concentration of the nutrient solution (full or half strength), and (3) the PGPR applied (either B. amyloliquefaciens FZB24 or B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42, or a no-PGPR control). Perlite was used as the growth medium. Variables related to water use efficiency, yield and fruit quality were assessed. The use of half strength nutrient solution was sufficient for full growth in the open system in both spring and autumn seasons. However, the same strength nutrient solution was associated with reduced yields in the closed system during the autumn season. The application of either strain of B. amyloliquefaciens increased the yield of the tomato plants by 8-9% in the open system in the spring, whereas they had an adverse effect on yield in the closed system under half strength nutrient solution conditions during the autumn

Effect of Rhizobacteria on Plant Growth of Different Vegetables

International Symposium on High Technology for Greenhouse System Management (Greensys 2007) -- OCT 04-06, 2007 -- Naples, ITALYWOS: 000263190000181The objective of this study was to evaluate possible effects of different strains of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria -PGPR- on growth of cucumber, pepper and tomato. Six bacterial strains from the collection of the Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Faculty of Ege University (18/1K: Pseudomonas putida, 21/1K: Enterobacter cloacae, 62: Serratia marcescens, 70: Pseudomonas fluorescens, 66/3: Bacillus spp., 180: Pseudomonas putida) were compared with two commercial products (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZ1342) and control (without bacteria inoculation). Native PGPR strains were assayed for their ability to produce IAA and phosphate solubilization in vitro. IAA production varied between 0.700 and 0.065 pg ml(-1). Native isolates excluding Bacillus spp. strain 66/3 had phosphate solubilization ability. Rhizobacteria were tested in vivo to determine their effects on seedling growth. The results indicated significant increases in growth of cucumber, tomato and pepper in response to inoculation with PGPR. According to the results of in vitro and in vivo tests, 18/1K, 62, 70 and 66/3 were selected as promising strains among the isolates of Ege University for future studies.Turkish Scientific Research Council -TUBITAK-Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [105 O 571]; Ege University Scientific Research FundEge University [2005 ZRF 004]This work was supported by Turkish Scientific Research Council -TUBITAK-, (Contract No: 105 O 571) and Ege University Scientific Research Fund (Contract No: 2005 ZRF 004). The authors are grateful to Antalya Tarim for kindly providing seeds and Ege Fide for their collaboration in the project

Effects of nutrition and irrigation on sweet pepper production in volcanic tuff [Efectos de la nutrición y el riego en la producción de pimiento en toba volcánica]

In this study aimed at increasing sustainability in soilless cultivation, volcanic tuff was used as substrate and the tested plant material was blocky type pepper (cv. 4-Ever F1). Three experimental factors were evaluated: cultivation system (open or closed), nutrient composition (N1, N2, N3, N4) and irrigation frequency (I1, I2, I3, I4). Macro nutrient concentrations of N2, N3 and N4 were 2-, 3- and 4-fold of N1. Concentrations of micronutrients were the same for all treatments. Irrigation was started when indoor solar radiation reached 6, 4, 2 and 1 MJ m-2 in the treatments I1, I2, I3 and I4, respectively. As a sustainable soilless technique, closed system was found to be recommendable by incorporating the treatment N4 + I2 to provide high yield and quality for blocky type pepper production. In the case of an open system, N2 + I4 proved to be the most efficient strategy